Transcript File - Karen Foster`s ePortfolio

Presentation Design & Purpose of the Study
Study Design
Data
Statistics, & Graphs
Difficulties & Surprises Encountered
Analysis
Interpretation & Conclusion
Karen Foster
Julianne Ehlers
Christopher Gleason
Karen Foster
Christopher Gleason
John Farr
Ron Grover
Is the number of shots on goal
related to the number of goals scored
in a soccer game?
This is an observational study of a simple random
sample. The data collected will be the number of
attempts to make a goal during a soccer game and the
number of goals achieved. Each data set are discrete,
quantitative values. Data collection will be completed by
various members of the group. A minimum of 10 games
will be observed.
 Randomness is achieved by creating no restrictions on
location of the soccer game, skill level, age of players,
time of day, weather or type of playing field. Examples of
locations are Liberty Park, Dimple Dell Park and other local
soccer fields.

Goals Attempted
Goals Scored
16
4
4
2
8
3
5
4
11
8
7
3
9
5
10
3
12
5
11
4
9
3






Mean: 9.2727
Standard Deviation: 3.3494
Five Number Summary: 4, 7.5, 9, 11, 16
Range: 12
Mode: 9, 11
Outliers: None
Histogram
Boxplot
Goals Attempted
Frequency
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Goals Attempted
11
12
13
14
15
16






Mean: 4
Standard Deviation: 1.6125
Five Number Summary: 2, 3, 4, 4.5, 8
Range: 6
Mode: 3
Outliers: 8
Histogram
Boxplot
Goals Scored
4
Frequency
3
2
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
Goals Scored
6
7
8


Linear Correlation Coefficient: 0.4259
Equation for Line of Regression: ŷ = 0.8846x – 4.2023
While gathering data we encountered several problems:
 It was difficult to find soccer games at the time the class
had started, as it was winter and the outdoor soccer
season hadn't even begun. To solve this, some group
members opted to watch indoor soccer or watch games
that had started early.
 Communication was difficult because all group
members have different schedules. We decided to use
email as our primary form of communication.
 One surprise encountered was keeping track of scores.
If you didn't pay attention closely you could easily miss an
attempt at the goal.
By viewing the histogram of the number of goals scored, the shape of the
distribution for this variable is skewed to the right. By viewing the
histogram of the shots on goal, the shape of the distribution is most closely
associated with a bell-shaped distribution.
According to the table found on the Neag Center for Gifted Education and
Talent Development website (www.gifted.uconn.edu) there is not a
statistically significant relationship between shots on goal and goals scored
in our sample population. The lack of a statistically significant relationship is
calculated by determining the degrees of freedom (2 minus sample size)
and selecting the level of significance (0.05). By using a df of 9 and a level
of significance of 0.05, the table lists 0.602 as the minimum correlation
coefficient possible or critical value to support a confidence interval of 95%.
The correlation coefficient found from analyzing the data from the study is
only 0.4259 and therefore does not allow us to fail to reject the null
hypothesis that there is no relationship.
Based on intuitive reasoning, we would have answered the original
question by stating that the number of shots on goal directly affects the
number of goals scored in a game. The data tells a different story. We
would now, based on the analysis of the data, say that there are more
factors that determine the number of goals scored in a game.
There are several lurking variables including the age of the players, skill
level, and experience. There may be a goalie with many years experience
that statistically would be able to keep more shots from going into the goal
or a talented player that is very good at scoring goals.
In the data collected there is no discernible correlation between the two
variables. We see that even in games that have a low shots on goal number
that the number of goals can be higher than average and vice-versa.
Going back to the purpose of our study: Is the number
of shots on goal related to the number of goals
scored in a soccer game?
The answer is NO!
This study indicates that there can not be a direct
correlation between the number of shots on goal
during a game and the number of goals scored in that
game.