Transcript Cell Processes Notes as a “PowerPoint

1) MOLECULE: Two or
more atoms chemically
bonded together.
FOR EXAMPLE:
O + O O2
H+H+O
H 2O
6C + 12H + 6O
C6H12O6
2) CONCENTRATION: The
degree to which molecules
are packed together.
LOW
HIGH
3) DIFFUSION: The
movement of molecules
from an area where their
concentration is high to an
area where their
concentration is low.
Diffusion of food coloring
in water.
Don’t copy this slide just watch.
High
concentration
Equal
concentration
Low
concentration
Diffusion of food coloring
in water.
High
concentration
Low
concentration
Equal
concentration
4) SELECTIVELY
PERMEABLE MEMBRANE:
A membrane that permits
only certain particles to
pass through.
(FOR
EXAMPLE:
The cell
membrane allows water
and oxygen to pass
through freely).
High
Concentration
Low
Concentration
Equal
Concentration
inside & outside
Don’t copy this slide just watch.
Low
Concentration
High
Concentration
Equal
Concentration
inside & outside
5) OSMOSIS: The diffusion
of water in and out of the
Low
cell.
Concentration
Copy the definition for Osmosis only.
Equal
Concentration
Inside & Outside
High
Concentration
6) In “Osmosis,” water
molecules move from a
higher concentration to a
lower concentration of H2O
molecules.
7) Adding “Salt” or other
particles to water lowers
the concentration of H20
molecules.
High
Concentration
Low
Concentration
Don’t copy this slide just watch.
Is the
concentration
of water
molecules
higher inside or
outside of the
cell?
Don’t copy this slide just watch.
Low
concentration
of H2O
Is the
concentration
of water
molecules
higher inside or
outside of the
cell?
High
concentration
of H2O
Don’t copy this slide just watch.
Low
concentration
of H2O
Now we have
equal
concentration
inside and
outside the cell
High
concentration
of H2O
8) ACTIVE TRANSPORT:
The process in which a cell
uses energy (from ATP) to
transport particles into or
out of the cell.
EXAMPLE: An Amoeba
engulfing another
organism.
9) ENDOCYTOSIS:
movement of a large
particle into the cell using
the cell membrane to
surround the particle and
form a vesicle.
10) EXOCYTOSIS: movement
of a large particle out of the
cell by first surrounding it
with a vesicle and then
moving it to the cell
membrane where it is
expelled.
1) Cell Cycle: The life cycle of a cell which begins
when the cell is formed and ends when it divides and
forms two new cells.
2) Chromosome: Is a coiled bundle of DNA and
protein that is located in the cell nucleus.
3) Centromere: The region that holds chromosomes
together when a chromosome is duplicated. Also the
region of spindle attachment when individual
chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
CELL CYCLE STICK
FIGURE DRAWINGS
INTERPHASE
1st
DNA
DNA is copied so there are twice as many strands
of DNA.
2nd
MITOSIS - (Prophase)
Chromosomes
spindle
Nuclear membrane breaks up, spindle begins to
form, and DNA coils up to form Chromosomes.
MITOSIS - (Metaphase)
Centromere
3rd
Sister
Chromosomes
spindle
Sister Chromosomes
Spindle attaches to centromere and
chromosomes line up in middle of cell.
MITOSIS - (Anaphase)
4th
Centromere
Sister
Chromosomes
Sister chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends
of cell by spindles.
MITOSIS - (Telophase)
5th
Chromosomes begin to uncoil back to strands of
DNA. Two new nuclear membranes begin to form.
CYTOKINESIS
6th
Cytoplasm pinches in and all the organelles are
equally divided between the two new daughter cells.