Transcript GradPresentation-2015

Professor Bob Dymek
A Little Bit About Me …
• Mineralogy and Petrology
• Study rocks and minerals
• Do geological field work
Where Have I Done Field Work ???
West Greenland
NW Territories
Québec
Labrador
Adirondacks
Central Kansas
SE Missouri
Virginia
3.8 billion-year-old Metamorphic Rocks
at Isua, West Greenland
The rocks on the left are older than
most of the dark lavas that fill the
Mare Basins on the moon !
EPSc118 “Geology of National Parks”
EPSc201 “Earth & the Environment”
EPSc437 “Igneous & Metamorphic
Petrology”
EPSc542 “Chemical Petrology”
For 12 years, I was the Senior Editor
for this research journal
“Secular Magmagenesis”
Earth History and Igneous Petrology
4.55-3.8 Ga Hadean
???
3.8-2.5 Ga
Archaean
• Granite-Greenstone Belts
• Komatiites
• Tonalite-Trondjhemite-Granodiorite (TTG) Suite
<0.6 Ga
Phanerozoic
• Magmatic arcs
• Calc-alkaline (CA) batholiths
Archaean TTG suites:
Direct Slab Melting
Phanerozoic CA Suites:
Melting of Mantle Wedge
Secular Magmagenesis – Earth History and Igneous Petrology
4.55-3.8 Ga Hadean
3.8-2.5 Ga
???
Archaean
• Granite-Greenstone Belts
• Komatiites
• Tonalite-Trondjhemite-Granodiorite (TTG) Suite
2.5-0.6 Ga Proterozoic
• Massif Anorthosites (~1.0-2.1)
• Jotunite-Mangerite (AJM) Suite
<0.6 Ga
Phanerozoic
• Magmatic arcs
• Calc-alkaline batholiths
Massif Anorthosites
• Rocks consisting mostly of intermediate plagioclase feldspar (An40-60)
• Plutons ranging from ~10 to >1,000 km2
• Associated cogenetic/comagmatic plutons
 Jotunite – mafic to intermediate, green, opx-bearing monzodiorite
 Mangerite – intermediate to felsic, green, opx-bearing granodiorite
• Elongate “belts” across Laurentia and Gondwana
• Continental rifts, continent-continent collision, continental margin arcs
• Approximaely half of global occurrences are found in Québec
Distribution of Anorthosite Massifs, NE North America
Forêt
Montmorency
Jotunites and Mangerites
J-M
Summary
Compared with Phanerozoic Calc-Alkaline plutonic rocks,
the Proterozoic Jotunite-Mangerite suite – found only in
association with massif anorthosites – is enriched in Fe-Ti-P,
as well as high-field-strength elements (Ga, Ce, Y, Zr, Nb, Zn),
but is depleted in transition-metal trace elements (V, Cr, Ni),
and large-ion-lithophile trace elements (Rb, Th, U).
Should you join our Department, you can
learn more about acquiring, interpreting,
and understanding such data in
“Chemical Petrology.”
Prof. Jill Pasteris
Applied Mineralogy & Spectroscopy
Apatite
Graduate Classes Offered
Environmental Mineralogy
Ideas & Controversies in the Geosciences
Geology
Biomineralization
Raman Spectroscopy
Ocean floor
3.6 km
Modern
horse
tooth
Bone
(Sub-)Micrometer Analysis of Bone Mineral
Cross-section of bone
Size, shape, distribution,
and composition of
bone mineral crystallites
Microscopy:
optical
electron
AFM
Bone crystallites:
few nm X 10s nm
Raman Microprobe
Spectroscopy
synthesized
by Claude
Yoder, F&M
40 um
Synthetic
Carbonated
Apatite
Different
Biological
Apatites
(CO 3)2-
Apatite: Ca10(PO4)6 (OH)2
OH
Whale
Bison
Halibut
Enamel
OH-Ap synth.
500
1000
1500
2000
2500 850
-1
Raman shift ( cm )
3000
900
3500 1000 4000
950
1050
1100
1150 1200
Some Current Apatite Projects
Unexpected hydrated
nature of bone apatite
Bone apatite:
Ca8.3
(PO4)4.3(CO3)1.7(OH)0.3
1.7
1.7
nH2O
OH
Mineralogy and properties
of beaver teeth
P
Ca
O
OH
Ferrihydrite: orange coating
Amorphous Ca-phosphate
Beaked whale
Hypermineralized bone – better
insights into composition and
other properties of bone mineral
Rostrum:
hypermineralized
Tendon-to-bone insertion:
gradational properties in
mineral composition and
concentration
Mineralization and mechanics
of the rotator cuff
Mouse