Transcript Planet Earth - Mr. Vickers

Planet Earth
Environmental Science
Planet Earth
3rd planet from the sun.
Planet Earth is the _____
We live on a unique planet in that
it may be the only one in our
solar system that has life on it.
What do you think? Are we
alone?
Living Creatures
Living things are called?
Organisms
Question
Do organisms interact with non living
components on the Earth?
Examples:
1.Respiration
2.Water breaks down
components
3.Rocks and Minerals for
building/ tool making
Non-living components of Earth Are?
Lithosphere
Hydrosphere
Atmosphere
The lithosphere ……
Land on the Earth’s surface
The hydrosphere…………..
That part of the Earth made up of water
The atmosphere…………
Air that surrounds the Earth
What characteristics make it possible for life to exist
on the Earth?
1. Liquid water Why is it important??
•Organisms are mostly water.
•Nutrients need to be dissolved
in water to be used
•Most chemical activities occur
in water.
What else is water needed for
2. To store heat
Where is this going to happen?
OCEANS
What characteristics make it possible for life to
exist on the Earth?
1. The atmosphere
Why?
•Maintain a steady temperature
•Gases are used by organisms
What characteristics make it possible for life to
exist on the Earth?
2. The sun …
All energy comes from the sun
oxygen
Animals use _____________
to carry out the
process
respiration
of _______________________
to make
energy
______________.
CO2
Plants use _____________
to carry out the
process
photosynthesis
of _______________________
to make
energy
______________ from sunlight.
Do plants need oxygen to make energy?
Yes
Plants use oxygen to make energy for them to
grow and develop
The interaction between living and nonliving parts of the Earth are the subject of:
ECOLOGY
The lithosphere
is made of three types of rocks:
1.
Igneous – liquid or molten rocks
2.
Sedimentary – layers of sediment accumulate and
are compacted or cemented
3.
Metamorphic – formed under intense heat and
pressure.
The atmosphere
1.
2.
3.
4.
What gases make up the atmosphere?
Nitrogen – 78%
Oxygen – 21%
Carbon dioxide - .04%
The rest includes: water vapor, dust, argon
Where does the CO2 come from?
Released from volcanoes.
Produced when burning fossil fuels.
Air pressure is……..
Greatest at sea level.
14.7 lbs/in2
Becomes less as you gain altitude.
Atmospheric layers
Thermosphere - highest
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere – nearest the Earth
Troposphere
Weather occurs here
Most of the Earth’s water vapor and gases
are here
Stratosphere
Ozone layer here
O3 you smell this after a thunderstorm
Jet stream – weather controller
Mesosphere
Meteors burn up here
Coolest layer
Thermosphere
Contains the ionosphere
Ions become trapped and glow causing the
northern lights
Temperature is 2,000 0C – air molecules
are very far apart.
Hydrosphere
97 % of the water on the earth is?
Salt water
Of the remaining water 2% is locked in
ice.
This leaves only 1% as usable
freshwater.
Ocean water
Is 35 ppt of salt
Meaning 35 solid parts of salt for every
1000 parts of sea water.
The major salt is NaCl
Freshwater
Stored in:
lakes, ponds, streams, rivers
Ground water
Ground water
Is carried in porous rock (permeable)
called an
aquifer
Ground water can reach the surface by
way of a:
spring
When ground water becomes “sandwiched”
between two layers of impermeable rock and
the rock above cracks, water can reach the
surface by way of an oasis or artesian well.
Question
Can rain re-fill the aquifers as fast as people
can pump the water out?
In most cases NO!!!!!!!!!!!!
Most surface water runs off and
continues to the ocean
Biosphere…………
All parts of the Earth that contains and
supports life…..
Most life prefers to live between 500 m. deep
in the ocean to 6 km above sea level.
Energy Flow
Sunlight
Lost as heat
To space
Biosphere
plant and
animal use
Changes in the biosphere
1.
2.
Affect organisms
If we raise or lower the temperature of
ocean water…..
Volcanic eruptions can……….
Organisms can change the biosphere
What happens when a beaver dams a
stream?
Make a list of all the things that could
happen.
The biosphere is a very complex network