Transcript MINERALS
What is this? This is this… What is this? This is this… This is this. These are these. These are Minerals. What are Minerals? • Cornell Notes Page 139 What are atoms? • ATOMS = BUILDING BLOCKS of everything in the Universe. What is an element? • A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler things. • Examples: Gold, silver, aluminum What is a compound? • A substance made of more than one element • Examples: Water, table salt MINERALS • 3,000 + different kinds of minerals • Most are made of combinations of elements (compounds) 5 Characteristics of Minerals • 1. Naturally occurring • 2. Inorganic =not from a living thing 45 seconds to Discuss… • What does it mean to be “naturally occurring?” • What does it mean to be “inorganic?” • 3. Solid • 4. Crystal Structure – particles line up in a pattern Pyrite in rock 45 seconds to Discuss… • What does it mean to be “solid?” • What does it mean to have a “crystal structure?” Examples of solid, crystal structure • Rhodochrosite A mineral… • 5. Definite Chemical Composition Ex.) Water = H2O Salt = NaCl An example of: definite chemical composition Calcite— has the chemical name-CaCO3 Ca=Calcium (as in your bones) C=Carbon (in all living things) O= Oxygen (in the air) • http://education.jlab.org/indexpages/teachers.php http://teach.fcps.net/trt20/projects/EKU/Minerals/groups/mineral_groups.htm 60 seconds to Discuss… • What do we mean by “chemical composition?” • So then what does it mean to have a “definite chemical composition?” What are the two groups of Minerals? • Silicate Minerals Quartz = SiO2 – chemical composition with a combination of Silicon and Oxygen • Nonsilicate Minerals – Do NOT contain a combination of silicon and oxygen. Fluorite = CaF2 45 seconds to Discuss… • How are Silicate Minerals and Nonsilicate Minerals different? How do Minerals form? • In Magma and Lava – Minerals crystallize in the liquid rock. – Different Minerals begin forming crystals at different temperatures- this causes them to separate out into pure samples. How do Minerals form? • In Magma and Lava – If magma cools quickly, crystals don’t have time to grow. – The slower the magma cools, the bigger the crystal can grow! • In Water – Elements and compounds dissolved in water crystallize as the water evaporates What’s in these minerals/rocks that look so delicious? Oxygen Silicon Aluminum Magnesium Iron Sodium Calcium Potassium http://www.geolsoc.org.uk/gsl/education/page2659.html The result of eating rocks and minerals… What is from minerals in the room? • • • • • • • • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. What is NOT from minerals in the room? • • • • • • • • • • 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.