Transcript Rock Cycle - SchoolRack

Rocks and Minerals
SC.4.E.6.1
Identify the three categories of rocks: igneous,
(formed from molten rock); sedimentary (pieces of other rocks
and fossilized organisms); and metamorphic (formed from heat
and pressure).
SC.4.E.6.2
Identify the physical properties of common earthforming minerals, including hardness, color, luster, cleavage,
and streak color, and recognize the role of minerals in the
formation of rocks.
How are ROCKS formed?
ADD
ADD
ADD
Two or more minerals
Once-living animals
Organic plant matter
ROCKS
CLASSIFICATION OF ROCKS
TYPES OF
ROCK
Metamorphic
Rock
DEFINITION
rock formed from extreme heat and pressure
Igneous
Rock
rock formed from the cooling of magma or lava
Sedimentary
Rock
rock formed from many layers of sediments that
become pressed and cemented together
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
Formed when igneous and sedimentary rocks are
exposed to extreme heat and pressure.
EXAMPLES
.
Quartzite
Marble
Slate
IGNEOUS ROCKS
Formed when molten rock is cooled.
EXAMPLES
.
Granite
Obsidian
Basalt
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Formed when smaller pieces of rock and fossilized
organisms are pressed and cemented together.
EXAMPLES
.
Limestone
Shale
Coal
THE ROCK CYCLE
.
COMMON MINERALS
Quartz
Talc
Feldspar
Pyrite
Mica
Graphite
Calcite
COMMON CHACTERISTICS USED TO CLASSIFY MINERALS
HARDNESS
To determine hardness, one mineral is
rubbed against another to see if it will
result in being scratched.
HARDNESS FACTS
Quartz and feldspar can scratch both glass and
steel and are considered hard minerals.
Diamond is the hardest natural substance on
Earth, while talc is the softest mineral.
Talc is so soft that your fingernail
can easily scratch it.
HARDNESS SCALE OF MINERALS AND OTHER OBJECTS
HARDNESS
MINERAL
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Talc
Graphite
Calcite and Mica
Fluorite
Feldspar
Pyrite
Quartz
Topaz
Corundum
Diamond
HARDNESS
OTHER
OBJECTS
2.5
3
5.5
7.5
Fingernail
Copper Penny
Glass
Concrete Nail
COMMON CHACTERISTICS USED TO CLASSIFY MINERALS
COLOR
Many minerals exist in different colors and
some minerals have identical colors to others.
GRAPHITE
ROSE QUARTZ
Pink
Steel Grey
COMMON CHACTERISTICS USED TO CLASSIFY MINERALS
A mineral's luster describes the way
light is reflected from its surface.
LUSTER
BRILLIANT
ADJECTIVES DESCRIBING LUSTER
PEARLY
WAXY
DULL
METALLIC
GLASSY
EXAMPLE
METALLIC
Pyrite is the classic "Fool's Gold“
It is commonly mistaken for gold.
COMMON CHACTERISTICS USED TO CLASSIFY MINERALS
Occurs when a mineral breaks
along a smooth definite line.
CLEAVAGE
CLEAVAGE
PERFECT
GOOD
IMPERFECT
POOR
MICA
CALCITE
PERFECT CLEAVAGE
GOOD CLEAVAGE
COMMON CHACTERISTICS USED TO CLASSIFY MINERALS
STREAK
STREAK PLATE
The powder color of a mineral left behind
when the mineral is rubbed against a
streak plate or a porcelain tile.
COMMON CHACTERISTICS USED TO CLLASIFY MINERALS
STREAK COLOR CHART
MINERAL
STREAK COLOR
Quartz
Feldspar
Mica
Calcite
Talc
Pyrite
Graphite
White
White
White
White
White
Black
Black to Steel Gray