Transcript Volcano and Earth History Review

Today…
Get out…
• Pencil
• Catastrophic Events
Map
The Plan…
• Review Volcanoes and Earth
History
Homework:
• Study for test
Review 1
A
B
Made by magma pushing up and
cooling before if breaks the
surface
Made by lava running over the
land and piling up
Review 2
Destructive effects of volcanoes
4. Lahars – floods of mud rock and debris can destroy homes and property
Constructive effects of volcanoes
1 Hot springs for recreation
2. Heat can create geothermal heat for
5. It can cause earthquakes
homes
7. Lava flows can damage homes and
3. Geothermal energy can provide heat to
property
8. Pyroclastic flows – clouds rock and hot gas
– can destroy whole ecosystems
grow food
4. Thermal energy can provide electricity
5. Beautiful Landscapes
9. They can cause a tsunami
6. Ash enriches soil
10.They can cause lightning storms
7. Can positively affect the composition of the
11. The ash can cool the atmosphere,
atmosphere and ocean
contaminate water and suffocate people
8. Floods help to create beaches
Review 3
What is the difference between a lahar
and a pyroclastic flow? What type of
volcano would cause both?
• A lahar is a flood of water, mud and debris
• A pyroclastic flow is a hot cloud of rock particles,
ash and gas that flows up to 100 mph
• A composite volcano would have both
Review 4 –
Identify the volcanoes and tell where they are found
• Composite/Strato Volcanoes
– Mostly near subduction zones
• Shield Volcano
– Where plates diverge - “rifts”
– Hot spots
• Cinder Cone
– On the sides, or near, composite and
shield volcanoes
5. How do the characteristics of
these volcanoes compare?
• Viscosity:
• Gas content:
• Eruption:
High
High
Explosive
Low
• Viscosity:
• Gas content:
Low
• Eruption: Lava flows
6. Describe the difference between an
extinct volcano and a dormant volcano
• Extinct: not erupting and not likely to erupt again
• Dormant: not erupting and likely to erupt again
7. Types of igneous rocks
• Explain the difference between intrusive and
extrusive igneous rocks
– Intrusive igneous rocks cool underground and
have large crystals
– Extrusive igneous rocks cool on the surface and
have small crystals
8. Describe how igneous rock could
become sedimentary rock.
• Igneous rock cools from being hot magma and
over lots of years is weathered into small pieces.
Those pieces are eventually compacted and
cemented together into sedimentary rock.
9. Fill in the rock cycle
Weathering and
erosion
Compacting
cementing, layering
Igneous
Sedimentary Rock
Cooling
Heat and pressure
Magma
Metamorphic Rock
Melting
10. What are three ways life has
affected the history earth?
• Photosynthesizing bacteria created oxygen
• New rocks were formed
– Coral
– Limestone
– Coal
• Rocks are weathered by plants
11. How do they find ages of fossils?
• Superposition – The placement in the layers
tells us relative age
• Actual age is through the chemical composition
Review - 12
• What caused this?
• What effects could it have had?
– An impact from a space object caused the crater
to form
– It changed the landscape by creating the crater
and could have caused a change in biodiversity
(life).
“I can… ” Test is Thursday
• Study:
– Knowledge Map items:
• 65-97
– “I can’s…”:
• All Volcanoes and Earth History
Today: Test Day
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Plate boundaries map
Moon observations
Have a pencil ready
Shields go to Person 1 and 3
Any last minute questions?
When done quietly:
Read
Do other homework
Do squiggle
Learning Check #20
Have Your Graph Out