Transcript table mendeleev

Periodic Table—Day 14
Materials Needed:
Writing Utensil
Folder
Notebook
 Bell
work: How many different
ways can a deck of playing cards
be organized? List them.
 Agenda
◦ Notes on Periodic Table
◦ Periodic Table Matrix
A.
Water is a metal.
B.
Water is a mixture.
C.
Water is an element.
D.
Water is a compound.
SC8.2.1.a DOK 1
A.
a division of the Earth in half
B.
the densest part of the Earth containing rocks
C.
a lab created environment that replicates the Earth
D.
a layer of gas that surrounds the Earth and
protects it from radiation from the Sun
SC8.4.2.a
DOK 1
Put these substances in
order from least dense to
most dense.
Greek/Latin
Meaning
hetero
different
homo
same
genus
kind
non
not
peri
around, about
trans
across, change
Picture
1. I will know how the elements
are arranged on the periodic
table.
2. I will be able to identify
properties of elements based on
their location on The Periodic
Table.
A. Water is a metal.
Water is not a metal.
B. Water is a mixture.
Water is not a mixture.
C. Water is an element.
Water is not an element.
D. Water is a compound.
Water is a compound made from hydrogen
and oxygen.
SC8.2.1.a DOK 1
A.
B.
C.
D.
a division of the Earth in half
This is a hemisphere.
the densest part of the Earth containing rocks
This is a geosphere.
a lab created environment that replicates the Earth
This is a biosphere.
a layer of gas that surrounds the Earth and protects it from
radiation from the Sun
This is the Earth’s atmosphere.
SC8.4.2.a
DOK 1
1. Wood (oak)
0.85
5. Pyrite (s)
5.02
2. Water (liquid) 0.93
6. Zinc (s)
7.13
3. Ice (solid)
7. Silver (s)
1.00
4. Aluminum (s) 2.7
10.50
8. Mercury (l) 13.55
How
are book
stores, music
stores, or video
stores organized?
In a video store, movies
are in categories such
as Action or Comedy.
When scientists
organized the
elements, they had to
decide what categories
to use and where to
place each element.
An organized table of
the elements is one of
the most useful tools in
chemistry.
The Search for Order
Until 1750, scientists had identified only 17
elements, mainly metals, such as copper and iron.
As the number of known elements grew, so did
the need to organize them into groups based on
their properties.
In 1789, Antoine Lavoisier grouped the known
elements into categories he called metals,
nonmetals, gases, and earths. For the next 80
years, scientists looked for different ways to
classify the elements. But no system worked for
all the known elements.
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In the 1860’s Dmitri Mendeleev developed a new
periodic table that was similar to the game of
solitaire. Mendeleev lined up the elements in
order of increasing mass, a pattern emerged.
The key was to break the elements into rows.
Mendeleev’s chart was a periodic table. A
periodic table is an arrangement of elements in
columns, based on a set of properties that
repeat from row to row.
He was able to use this periodic table to predict
future elements based on the spaces in
between the elements he already knew.
Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
Mendeleev predicted that the missing
element below aluminum would
• be a soft metal,
• have a low melting point, and
• have a density of 5.9 g/cm3.
In 1875, a French chemist discovered a
new element gallium (Ga) which he named
in honor of France. Gallium
• is a soft metal,
• has a melting point of 29.7°C, and
• has a density of 5.91 g/cm3.
Mendeleev’s Periodic Table
Scientists use the periodic table to explain
the chemical behavior of different groups
of elements.
• The discovery of scandium (Sc) in 1879 and
the discovery of germanium (Ge) in 1886
provided more evidence.
Assessment Questions
In Mendeleev’s periodic table,
elements with similar properties
were grouped
a. in the same row.
b. in the same column.
The Periodic Law
Periodic Law is a pattern of
repeating properties.
Today, elements are arranged by
increasing atomic number on the
periodic table (the number of protons
in the nucleus).
 Think
of other things that
are organized following a
Periodic Law.
 Share
them with your
neighbor.
The Periodic Law
Periods
Each row in the table of elements is a period.
• Hydrogen, the first element in Period 1, has one
electron in its first energy level.
• Lithium, the first element in Period 2, has one
electron in its second energy level.
• Sodium, the first element in Period 3, has one
electron in its third energy level.
• This pattern applies to all the elements in the first
column on the table.

As you move across a period from left to
right, the elements become less metallic and
more nonmetallic in their properties
The Periodic Law
Groups
Each column in the periodic
table is called a group or a family.
The elements in a group have similar
electron arrangement, so members of a
group in the periodic table have similar
chemical and physical properties.
The Periodic Law
Periodic Table of the Elements
Atomic Mass
REMINDER! Atomic mass is a value that
depends on the distribution of an element’s
What does the atomic mass of an element
isotopes in nature and the masses of those
depend on?
isotopes.
Atomic Mass
Atomic Mass Units
The mass of an atom in grams is extremely small.
In order to have a convenient way to compare the
masses of atoms, scientists chose one isotope to
serve as a standard.
• Scientists assigned 12 atomic mass units to the
carbon-12 atom, which has 6 protons and 6 neutrons.
• An atomic mass unit (amu) is defined as one twelfth
the mass of a carbon-12 atom.
Atomic Mass
There are four pieces of information for each
element.
Atomic number
Element symbol
Element name
Atomic mass
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Get into assigned groups.
Turn to page 140 in your textbook.
As a group, complete the Periodic Table Matrix.
On the back using the periodic table, shade the
sections according to metals, nonmetals, and
metalloids. (Be sure to BOLD the stair-step line and
create a key)
At the bottom of the page, give four facts about
Transition Metals.

Finish Periodic Table Matrix

How does the Periodic Table make it easier to
understand the properties of elements based
on their location on the table?