Transcript PPT Atoms, Elements, Molecules, Compounds

Atoms
Molecules
Elements
Compounds
Atom
The smallest particle that can still be
identified as the matter it came from.
 Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.
 Consists of Protons (+), Electrons (-), and
Neutrons (N).
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Video Clips:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R1RMV5qhwyE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yQP4UJhNn0I
Atomic Structure
Atoms consist of three subatomic
particles:

electrons
◦ electrons are negatively charged particles
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protons
◦ protons are positively charged particles
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neutrons
◦ neutrons have no charge
Electrons of an atom:
Small negatively charged particle
 Orbit, circle, around the nucleus
 Have no mass.
 Number of electrons = number of
protons
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Protons of an atom:
small, positively charged particles
 reside in the nucleus
 along with the neutron, make up most of the
mass of the atom
 the number of protons is what defines the
type of a particular atom.
 number of protons = number of electrons
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Neutrons of an atom:
small particles with no charge
 reside in the nucleus
 along with the proton, make up most of
the mass of the atom
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Nucleus of an atom:
The dense area in
the center of an
atom.
 Inside the nucleus of
every atom are
smaller particles
called protons, and
neutrons.
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Nucleus
Element
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Matter that is made of only one kind of
atom is an element.
Cannot be broken down into a simpler
type of matter by either physical or
chemical means
Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are all
elements.
Song:
http://www.sciencekids.co.nz/videos/chemistr
y/elementsong.html
Each element has a name and symbol:
How are they arranged in the periodic
table?
Elements are arranged in order of their
atomic number.
 The atomic number is the number of protons
in the nucleus.
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Chemistry Rap:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Apr7MdbHGQo
The New Periodic Table Song:
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zUDDiWtFtEM
Molecule
A molecule consists of two or more
atoms of the same element, or different
elements, that are chemically bound
together.
 In the animation above, two nitrogen atoms
(N + N = N2) make one Nitrogen
molecule .
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Video:
Example of Molecules
More Examples
Some molecules are more complex:
Some fat molecules:
A protein
molecule:
cholesterol
Molecules can be represented many ways:
Chemical Formula:
CH4
H2O
H
Structural Formula:
Ball and Stick Model:
Space Filling Model:
H
O
Compound
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Atoms of two or more different
elements bonded together.
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In the animation above, water (H20) is a
compound made of Hydrogen and Oxygen.
Video
The relationship between atoms, elements,
molecules and compounds.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cV4jJZ
CIMPo
Examples:
Four different molecules:
Which are compounds?
What are each
of these?
Atom,
Element,
Molecule,
or
Compound
Practice with Vocabulary:
Chemical Formulas show how many atoms
of each element are in one molecule:
Chemical
Formula
# of
elements
# of atoms # of Carbon
total
atoms
O2
1
2
0
H2O
2
3
0
C3H8O
3
12
3
C6H12O4Cl
4
23
6