Transcript Metals, Nonmetals, Metalloids

Periodic Table of Elements
chlorine
nitrogen
gold
silver
oxygen
mercury
hydrogen
helium
sodium
niobium
neodymium
carbon
Elements
• Elements are
pure
_________
substances. That
means their atoms are
identical
______________.
• Scientists have
identified 90 naturally
occurring elements,
and created about 28
others.
Elements
• The elements, alone
or in combinations,
make up our bodies,
our world, our sun,
and in fact, the entire
universe.
Periodic Table
• The periodic table organizes the elements
in a particular way. A great deal of
information about an element can be
gathered from its position in the period
table.
What’s in a square?
• Different periodic tables
can include various bits
of information, but
usually:
–
–
–
–
atomic number
symbol
atomic mass
state of matter at room
temperature.
Atomic Number
• This refers to how
many protons an
atom of that element
has.
• No two elements,
have the same
number of protons.
Bohr Model of Hydrogen Atom
Atomic Mass
• Atomic Mass refers to
the “weight” of the
atom.
Symbols
C
Cu
Carbon
Copper
• All elements have
their own unique
symbol.
• It can consist of a
single capital letter, or
a capital letter and
one or two lower case
letters.
Common Elements and
Symbols
The elements on the Periodic Table can be
divided into 3 categories: metals,
nonmetals, and metalloids.
Metal
Copper is a ______________.
Now find lead and titanium.
What side of the Periodic Table are they on?
Left!!
Metals and Nonmetals
1
2
3
H
He
1
2
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
13
14
15
16
17
18
Na Mg
11
4
K
19
5
7
Ca Sc
Ti
V
Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br
Kr
23
24
35
36
I
Xe
53
54
20
21
22
Rb Sr
Y
Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd
In
39
40
41
42
49
Hf
Ta
W
72
73
74
37
6
12
38
Cs Ba
55
56
Fr
Ra
87
88
*
W
25
26
27
28
29
30
METALS
43
44
Re Os
75
76
47
45
46
Ir
Pt Au Hg
Tl
77
78
81
79
48
31
80
32
33
34
Sn Sb Te
50
51
Pb Bi
82
83
52
Po At Rn
84
85
86
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt
104
105
106
107
108
109
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
57
58
59
Ac Th Pa
89
90
91
60
U
92
61
62
63
64
65
66
Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf
93
94
95
96
97
98
67
68
69
70
71
Es Fm Md No Lr
99
100
101
102
103
Hydrogen
• The hydrogen on the metals side of the
Periodic Table, but it is not a metal.
Hydrogen is in a class of its own.
• It’s a gas at room temperature.
• It has one proton and one electron in its one
and only energy level.
Let’s identify some metals…..
Penny –
Aluminum –
Copper –
Pounded into shapes, Malleable
shines
Pulled into wires, Ductile
Iron/ aluminum - Conducts electricity
Let’s open your journal to page
16.
Properties of Metals, Nonmetals,
and Metalloids
Malleable
• Metals can be pounded or rolled into thin
sheets without shattering.
Luster
• Shiny - reflects light from its surface
Good Conductor
• Matter that allows electricity to flow through it
easily
Ductile
Can be stretched into wires
left
Metals are on the _______
side of the Periodic Table.
Properties of metals are:
Malleable, ductile, luster, good conductor
Opposite of a metal would be a
________________.
nonmetal
Where would I find them on the Periodic
Table?
On the opposite side!
Nonmetals
• Nonmetals are found on the right side of
the periodic table.
Let’s look at some nonmetals…..
carbon –
nitrogenphosphorus -
Opposite of a metal would be a
________________.
nonmetal
Their physical properties are also
opposite.
Good conductor – Insulator (poor conductor)
Malleable/ductile –
Luster -
dull
Brittle (fragile,
breaks easily)
metalloids
1
2
3
H
He
1
2
Li
Be
B
C
N
O
F
Ne
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Al
Si
P
S
Cl
Ar
13
14
15
16
17
18
Na Mg
11
4
K
19
5
7
Ca Sc
Ti
V
Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br
Kr
23
24
35
36
I
Xe
53
54
20
21
22
Rb Sr
Y
Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd
In
39
40
41
42
49
Hf
Ta
W
72
73
74
37
6
12
38
Cs Ba
55
56
Fr
Ra
87
88
*
W
25
43
26
44
Re Os
75
76
27
28
29
47
30
45
46
Ir
Pt Au Hg
Tl
77
78
81
79
48
31
80
32
33
34
Sn Sb Te
50
51
Pb Bi
82
83
52
Po At Rn
84
85
86
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt
104
105
106
107
108
109
La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
57
58
59
Ac Th Pa
89
90
91
60
U
92
61
62
63
64
65
66
Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf
93
94
95
96
97
98
67
68
69
70
71
Es Fm Md No Lr
99
100
101
102
103
Metalloids have properties of a
nonmetals and metals.
So their properties can be mixed.
Metalloids have properties of a
nonmetals and metals.
Metals
Malleable
Ductile
Luster
Good conductor
Nonmetals
Brittle
Dull
Insulator
Metalloid - malleable and dull
or
luster and brittle
or
- semi-conductor that is ductile
Color the Metals green, purple, or blue
on your periodic table.
(DO NOT COLOR HYDROGEN!
Draw in zig-zag line
METALS
Do not include: B, Si, Ge, As, Sb,Te, At
Color your nonmetals red, orange,
or yellow.
1
Nonmetals
2
3
4
5
Metals
6
7
Do not color: B, Si, Ge, As, Sb,Te, At
Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 349
1
Metalloids
Nonmetals
2
3
4
5
Metals
6
7
Metalloids: B, Si, Ge, As, Sb,Te, At
Zumdahl, Zumdahl, DeCoste, World of Chemistry 2002, page 349
Learning Check
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