Transcript Cell Organelles

Cell Organelles
Concepts 6.4 and 6.5
The three main parts of a cell
• Boundary
• Cytoplasm
• Nucleus
• Each of the following organelles is found in
one of these parts of the cell
Cell Membrane
• Function: selectively permeable
membrane that protects the cell by
controlling what enters and leaves the cell
• Is like a…guard, because a cell membrane
controls what enters and leaves a cell, like
a guard controls what enters and leaves a
building
Cell Wall
• Function: protects and gives shape to a
cell.
• Is like a…shoe, because a shoe protects a
foot, like a cell wall protects a cell
No cell
wall in
animal
cells!
Chloroplasts
• Site of photosyntheis
• Are like a… cheese factory, because a
cheese factory is a place that makes food
for people, and chloroplasts are a place
that make food for plants
No
Chloroplasts
in Animal
Cells!
Chromosomes
• Structures that are made of DNA
• Are like…cabinets, because chromosomes
are structures that organize DNA, like
cabinets are structures that organize
dishes.
Cytoplasm
• Is the gel-like material that holds all of the
organelles in their places
• Is like… hairspray, because cytoplasm
holds organelles in place, like hairspray
holds hair in place
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
• Allows materials to be transported around
the cell
• Is like… a highway, because the ER
allows things to be transported around a
cell, like a highway allows things to be
transported around the country
Golgi Apparatus (Golgi body)
• Modifies, packages and ships proteins for
transport throughout the cell
• Is like… the post office, because the golgi
modifies, packages and ships proteins for
transport, like the post office modifies,
packages and ships letters for transport
Lysosome
• Use enzymes to digest (break down) old
cell parts, food, invading viruses or
bacteria
• Is like… a garbage disposal, because
lysosomes breaks down old cell parts, like
a garbage disposal breaks up old food
Lysosomes
often not
found in
plant cells
Mitochondria
• Supplies the cell with energy
• Are like… a power plant, because
mitochondria provide the cell with energy,
like a power plant provides a city with
energy
Nuclear Membrane (Envelope)
• Protective membrane around the nucleus
that controls what is allowed to enter or
leave the nucleus
• Is like… a glove, because the nuclear
membrane protects the nucleus, like a
glove protects the hand
Nucleolus
• Makes ribosomes
• Is like… a chef, because a nucleolus
makes ribosomes, like a chef makes a
meal
Nucleus
• Control center of the cell
• Is like… the white house, because the
white house is the control center of the
USA.
Ribosomes
• Are the site of protein synthesis
• Are like…a chocolate factory, because
ribosomes are where proteins are made
and a chocolate factory is where
chocolate is made.
Vacuole
• Stores food, water or waste products
• Is like a refrigerator, because a vacuole
stores food, and a refrigerator stores food
Cilia
• sensory cellular “antennae” that help cell
movement, or of movement over a cell’s
surface.
• Cilia are like brooms, because cilia move
items across a cell’s surface, like brooms
move items across the floor.
No
cilia in
this
animal
cell.
Cilia
• The cilia in
these
protists are
stained
blue
Cilia
• Mucus traps
microorganisms
and prevents them
from doing harm to
the body.
• Cilia on the
surface of the
epithelial cells
propels mucus and
trapped microbes
upwards towards
the throat where it
is swallowed or
coughed up.
Cilia
are
rare in
plant
cells.
Flagella
• Tail – like structures that propel a cell
• Are like propellers because flagella move
cells forward like propellers move boats
forward.
Flagella
Escherichia coli
cells use long,
thin structures
called flagella to
propel
themselves.
These flagella
form bundles that
rotate counterclockwise,
creating a torque
that causes the
bacterium to
rotate clockwise.
No
flagella
in
plant
cells.
Color-Code your chart!
Now mark your chart.
• Organelles that are found in the boundary mark
with a BLUE highlighter / marker / colored pencil
• Organelles that are found in the cytoplasm mark
with a YELLOW highlighter / marker / colored
pencil
• Organelles that are found in the nucleus mark
with a RED highlighter / marker / colored pencil