Transcript Day 23 How Atoms Differ - WaylandHighSchoolChemistry

Subatomic Particles
Agenda
 Review
 GAME
 Song
 Notes
 Guided practice
 Homework
Around the World Game
Element Review
strontium
Sr
manganese
Mn
Ba
barium
boron
B
Ca
calcium
Zn
zinc
Al
aluminum
silicon
Si
iron
Fe
C
carbon
gallium
Ga
cobalt
Co
magnesium
Mg
Be
beryllium
Ti
titanium
Ge
germanium
potassium
K
nickel
Ni
P
phosphorus
nitrogen
N
Cu
copper
H
hydrogen
lithium
Li
Na
sodium
chromium
Cr
V
vanadium
tin
Sn
scandium
Sc
Pb
lead
arsenic
As
O
oxygen
sulfur
S
Se
selenium
fluorine
F
Cl
chlorine
bromine
Br
I
iodine
helium
He
Ne
neon
argon
Ar
Kr
krypton
xenon
Xe
Rn
radon
Song Time
Atomic Theory Polka
 Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr.
Schrödinger and Heisenberg, and many,
many more. Used their brains to venture
in the realm of inner space and found the
world of the atom was a weird and
wondrous place.
 Dalton did experiments and said, “I think
it’s clear, atoms are tiny indestructible
spheres.”
 Thomson worked with cathode rays and
said, “I disagree. A plum-pudding model
makes much more sense to me.”
 A new chapter in atomic theory started to
unfold when Rutherford played around
with atoms made of gold. When a few of
his alpha particles came bounding back,
he hypothesized a nucleus had knocked
them off the track.
 Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr.
Schrödinger and Heisenberg, and many,
many more. Used their brains to venture
in the realm of inner space and found the
world of the atom was a weird and
wondrous place.
 Bohr saw spectral lines for hydrogen and
said, “It seems to me.. Electrons move in
orbits with specific energies.”
electron
neutron
proton
 Heisenberg said, “Forget it, there’s no
way to know the orbit or a path, where
the electron’s gonna go.”
 Schrödinger used lots and lots of fancy
mathematics, and made a model of the
atom based on quantum mechanics. It
has orbitals and those are based on
probability. The atom is a fuzzy blob of
pure uncertainty.
 Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford and Bohr.
Schrödinger and Heisenberg, and many,
many more. Used their brains to venture
in the realm of inner space and found the
world of the atom was a weird and
wondrous place.
What do you know about
the atom?
White boards
Subatomic Particles
Date:
Subatomic
Particles
 PROTONS
 NEUTRON




p+
In the nucleus
+1 charge
1 amu





ELECTRON
eIn electron cloud
-1 charge
1/
1840 amu




no
In the nucleus
No charge
1 amu
Atomic number
 Used to arrange elements in PT by
Mosley
 # of PROTONS
 # of ELECTRONS
IF an ATOM
Isotopes
 Atoms of the same element that differ in
the # of neutrons
11p+
11p+
11no
12no
Atomic Mass
 The weighted average of all isotopes.
 Always a decimal (unless a man-made
element)
Mass number
 Mass of an isotope
 Always a whole number – not on PT
 # of PROTONS + NEUTRONS
Nuclide
 Tells atomic # and mass # of an atom
23 Na
11
 Sodium-23 has ____ protons, ___ electrons
and ____ neutrons
Practice
32 S
16
28 Si
14
14 C
6
Ions
 Atoms with a charge
CATIONS
 Cations are pawsitive and are written
with a plus charge on the upper right.
 LOST an e-, have more protons; therefore
positive.
 Charge indicates the number of electrons
lost.
 Hint: cation has a t which looks like +
11p+
11p+
11no
11no
ANIONS
 Anions are negative and written with a
negative charge on the upper right.
 GAINED an e-, have more electrons;
therefore negative.
 Charge indicates number of electrons
gained.
9p+
9p+
10no
10no
36
17
Cl
 _____ protons _____ neutrons
_____ electrons
Practice
16 O-2
8
108 Ag+
47
80 Br 35
207 Pb+4
82
Homework
 Element Quiz tomorrow!
 Last one!
 Be prepared for lab tomorrow!
 Want to try to complete tomorrow
 Complete subatomic chart