Transcript How is Earth like a box of Legos?

Set up your notes
• 2-column notes (aka Cornell notes)
ATOMS!!!!
An atom is the smallest component of an element.
-For example: The smallest piece of gold possible
is an atom of gold.
Atoms are made of three Subatomic Particles***
-Protons
-Neutrons
-Electrons
**if you become a chemist you will learn that really there are many more
subatomic particles, but we won’t worry about them right now!!
Ah,yes but what is an element?
Elements are…
• Pure substances that can not be separated
into simpler substances by a chemical process
**Elements can be transformed by nuclear
processes such as fusion and fission. (we’ll get
to this later)
Periodic Table of Elements
What do you know about this? How might this be considered the “Table of Legos”?
Atoms, Elements and Legos
Think pair share:
How might atoms and/or elements be like
Legos? Do Legos have “subatomic” particles?
Explain. What might be another object that
could be an analogy for the atom?
Ted Ed: Periodic Table
• Periodic Table
After watching the video, rethink how elements
might be like this box of Legos. What if Earth
were the box? Is Earth a closed system for
matter or open?
Subatomic Particles
Particle
Charge
Mass
Proton
+
1
Neutron
0 (none)
1
Electron
-
Very, Very Tiny
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
He
2
4
Atomic number
the number of protons in an atom
Atomic mass
the number of protons and
neutrons in an atom
number of electrons = number of protons
Try These
Element
Symbol
Atomic #
Hydrogen
1
Beryllium
4
Carbon
Cobalt
Krypton
36
# of Protons
ATOMIC STRUCTURE
Electrons are arranged in Energy Levels or
Shells around the nucleus of an atom.
•
first shell
a maximum of 2 electrons
•
second shell
a maximum of 8 electrons
•
third shell
a maximum of 8 electrons
Rules for Electrons
• Electrons exist in specific orbitals around the
nucleus each with a certain number of
electrons
• Atoms ideally have 8 electrons in their outer
(VALENCE) shell, with the exception of the first
shell which can only hold 2 electrons. This is
known as the OCTET Rule.
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION
Write the electronic configuration for the following
elements;
a)
Ca
20
b)
Na
40
2,8,8,2
d)
Cl
17
35
2,8,7
11
23
c)
2,8,1
e)
Si
14
28
2,8,4
O
8
16
2,6
f)
B
5
11
2,3
1.
4.
3.
2.
5.
6.
Learning Target 4 and 5:
Based on what you know about atoms, evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of each
diagram. Record your responses on a chart on the left hand page next to your notes