Transcript Atoms

Atoms
What are atoms?
How do
scientists know
atoms exist?
Atoms are the smallest particles or
building blocks of matter.
Atoms are too small to see with a
compound light microscope, however
new technology allows scientists to
produce images of atoms.
A field ion microscope image
of a tungsten surface taken by
Erwin Müller, the inventor of
the field ion microscope.
What are the
three main
parts of the
atom?
There are three main parts to the
atom: protons,
neutrons and
electrons.
Where are
protons and
neutrons located
in an atom?
The center of the atom, or nucleus,
consists of two parts: the protons
(positively charged) and the
neutrons (neutrally/no charged).
Where are the
electrons located
in an atom?
Traveling in orbits (paths/clouds/
shells) around the nucleus are
electrons (negatively charged).
Periodic Table
http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/visualelements/PAGES/pertable_fla.htm
What is an
element?
Matter that is made of only one
kind of atom is an element.
What is an
organized
grouping of the
elements?
The periodic table is an organized
grouping of the elements –
Mendeleyev.
Some facts about atoms that are found on the periodic
table:
• The name of the element
• The symbol of the element
•Elements in the same column are said to be in the same
Family. They share some of the same traits.
What are some
facts about the
periodic table?
• The row number that the element is in tells the number
of orbits. Elements in the same Period(row) have the
same number of orbits.
•The atomic number tells the number of protons in the
nucleus.
• Since an atom has a neutral charge, the number of
electrons is the same as the number of protons.
• Subtracting the atomic number from the atomic
mass(the total number of particles in the nucleus) will
give you the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
• solid, liquid, or gas
• metal, metalloid, or non-metal
What are
some more
facts about
the periodic
table?
• synthetic – made in a
laboratory
• transition, inner-transition
element
• radioactive
• unknown element
• noble gas
• Ionic charge
What is an isotope?
Hydrogen
An isotope is an element with
the same number of protons
and electrons, but a different
number of neutrons.
Hydrogen Isotope
Protons – 1
Protons – 1
Electrons – 1
Electrons – 1
Neutrons – 0
Neutrons – 1
Orbits - 1
Orbits - 1