Transcript Ch. 2 Review Powerpoint - Belle Vernon Area School District

Clicker Questions
Chapter 2
Atoms and Elements
Allison Soult
University of Kentucky
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Two samples of the same compound are compared:
Sample 1: 24.22 g carbon and 32.00 g oxygen
Sample 2: 36.22 g carbon and 48.00 g oxygen
This data shows which of the following?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The law of definite proportions
The law of multiple proportions
The law of conservation of mass
a and b only
a, b, and c
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Two samples of the same compound are compared:
Sample 1: 24.22 g carbon and 32.00 g oxygen
Sample 2: 36.22 g carbon and 48.00 g oxygen
This data shows which of the following?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
The law of definite proportions
The law of multiple proportions
The law of conservation of mass
a and b only
a, b, and c
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What information about atomic structure was
determined by Millikan’s oil drop experiment?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Presence of electrons
Presence of nucleus
Charge on an electron
Charge on a neutron
Charge on a proton
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What information about atomic structure was
determined by Millikan’s oil drop experiment?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Presence of electrons
Presence of nucleus
Charge on an electron
Charge on a neutron
Charge on a proton
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following statements about a carbon atom
is correct according to the plum-pudding atom model?
a) Nothing can penetrate a
carbon atom.
b) The carbon atom has a
positive charge.
c) The positive charge is
distributed over the
sphere of the atom.
d) The carbon atom has a
negative charge.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following statements about a carbon atom
is correct according to the plum-pudding atom model?
a) Nothing can penetrate a
carbon atom.
b) The carbon atom has a
positive charge.
c) The positive charge is
distributed over the
sphere of the atom.
d) The carbon atom has a
negative charge.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which scientist confirmed that most of an atom’s mass
and all of its positive charge are contained in a small
core called the nucleus?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
John Dalton
Joseph Proust
J. J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Robert Milliakn
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which scientist confirmed that most of an atom’s mass
and all of its positive charge are contained in a small
core called the nucleus?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
John Dalton
Joseph Proust
J. J. Thomson
Ernest Rutherford
Robert Milliakn
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following determines the identity of
an atom?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
Total number of protons and neutrons
Total number of protons and electrons
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following determines the identity of
an atom?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Number of protons
Number of electrons
Number of neutrons
Total number of protons and neutrons
Total number of protons and electrons
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How many neutrons are in 1000 atoms of Cl-37?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
37
37,000
20
20,000
Cannot be determined
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How many neutrons are in 1000 atoms of Cl-37?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
37
37,000
20
20,000
Cannot be determined
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How many protons are in an atom of 195Pt?
a)
b)
c)
d)
273
195
117
78
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How many protons are in an atom of 195Pt?
a)
b)
c)
d)
273
195
117
78
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following statements is true about ions?
a) An ion is the result of an atom gaining a neutron.
b) A positively charged ion results from the gain of
a proton.
c) A negatively charged ion results from the loss of
a proton.
d) The gain or loss of an electron by an atom will
result in an ion.
e) None of the above.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following statements is true about ions?
a) An ion is the result of an atom gaining a neutron.
b) A positively charged ion results from the gain of
a proton.
c) A negatively charged ion results from the loss of
a proton.
d) The gain or loss of an electron by an atom will
result in an ion.
e) None of the above.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
To form an ion, aluminum is most likely to
a)
b)
c)
d)
gain three electrons to become Al3–.
lose three electrons to become Al3+.
gain three protons to become Al3+.
lose three protons to become Al3–.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
To form an ion, aluminum is most likely to
a)
b)
c)
d)
gain three electrons to become Al3–.
lose three electrons to become Al3+.
gain three protons to become Al3+.
lose three protons to become Al3–.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
If a pure copper penny has 2.94 × 1022 atoms, what will
be its mass?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
1.30 g
0.323 g
2.79 g
3.10 g
1.12 g
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
If a pure copper penny has 2.94 × 1022 atoms, what will
be its mass?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
1.30 g
0.323 g
2.79 g
3.10 g
1.12 g
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following elements is an alkali
earth metal?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Li
Fe
Ca
Ge
Pb
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following elements is an alkali
earth metal?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Li
Fe
Ca
Ge
Pb
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following elements will have properties
most similar to tin, Sn (50)?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lead, Pb (82)
Gallium, Ga (31)
Zinc, Zn (30)
Titanium, Ti (22)
Arsenic, As (33)
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following elements will have properties
most similar to tin, Sn (50)?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
Lead, Pb (82)
Gallium, Ga (31)
Zinc, Zn (30)
Titanium, Ti (22)
Arsenic, As (33)
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Sn
Pb
metal
metal
very malleable
very malleable
SnO, SnO2
PbO, PbO2
SnCl2, SnCl4
PbCl2, PbCl4
Boron has two naturally occurring isotopes:
B-10 with an isotopic mass of 10.013 amu
B-11 with an isotopic mass of 11.009 amu
Calculate the percent abundance for each isotope if the
average atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
50.0% B-10, 50.0% B-11
25.0% B-10, 75.0% B-11
19.8% B-10, 80.2% B-11
26.4% B-10, 73.6% B-11
Not enough information to determine
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Boron has two naturally occurring isotopes:
B-10 with an isotopic mass of 10.013 amu
B-11 with an isotopic mass of 11.009 amu
Calculate the percent abundance for each isotope if the
average atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
50.0% B-10, 50.0% B-11
25.0% B-10, 75.0% B-11
19.8% B-10, 80.2% B-11
26.4% B-10, 73.6% B-11
Not enough information to determine
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
The mass spectrum of gallium, Ga, is shown as
follows. The atomic mass of Ga is 69.7 amu. Which
of the following statements is correct?
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Gallium Mass Spectrum
Relative Abundance (%)
a) All Ga atoms weigh
69.7 amu.
b) The atomic mass of
Ga is the average of
68.9 and 71.9.
c) The atomic mass of Ga
will be closer to 69 than
71 because there are
more atoms that weigh
68.9 amu.
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
67
68
69
70
Mass (amu)
71
72
The mass spectrum of gallium, Ga, is shown as
follows. The atomic mass of Ga is 69.7 amu. Which
of the following statements is correct?
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Gallium Mass Spectrum
Relative Abundance (%)
a) All Ga atoms weigh
69.7 amu.
b) The atomic mass of
Ga is the average of
68.9 and 71.9.
c) The atomic mass of Ga
will be closer to 69 than
71 because there are
more atoms that weigh
68.9 amu.
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
67
68
69
70
Mass (amu)
71
72
Which of the following is FALSE?
a) The mole can be used to specify Avogadro’s number
of anything.
b) Avogadro’s number, 6.022 × 1023, is an exact
number.
c) The mole is equal to the number of atoms in exactly
12 grams of carbon-12.
d) The value of an element’s molar mass in grams per
mole is numerically equal to the element’s atomic
mass in amu.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is FALSE?
a) The mole can be used to specify Avogadro’s number
of anything.
b) Avogadro’s number, 6.022 × 1023, is an exact
number.
c) The mole is equal to the number of atoms in exactly
12 grams of carbon-12.
d) The value of an element’s molar mass in grams per
mole is numerically equal to the element’s atomic
mass in amu.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which has more atoms, 10.0 g Mg or 10.0 g Ca?
a) Magnesium
b) Calcium
c) Both have the same number of atoms.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which has more atoms, 10.0 g Mg or 10.0 g Ca?
a) Magnesium
b) Calcium
c) Both have the same number of atoms.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Calculate the mass in grams of one mole of footballs if
one football has a mass of 0.43 kg.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
430 g
1.4 g
2.6 × 1026 g
7.1 × 10–23 g
1.4 × 1027 g
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Calculate the mass in grams of one mole of footballs if
one football has a mass of 0.43 kg.
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
430 g
1.4 g
2.6 × 1026 g
7.1 × 10–23 g
1.4 × 1027 g
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following has the largest mass?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
10.0 g Li
10.0 moles of Li
100 g Na
10.0 moles of K
100 g Rb
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following has the largest mass?
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
10.0 g Li
10.0 moles of Li
100 g Na
10.0 moles of K
100 g Rb
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.