Transcript gender-sensitive - European Capacity Building Initiative

Title: Gender in the 2015 agreement
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Sub-title: Analysis of gender considerations in the ADP co-chairs’ tool ?
Author : Sandra Freitas
Affiliations : C.A. / Women’s Environment and Development Organisation (WEDO) / TOGO
for sustained capacity building in support of international climate change negotiations
pour un renforcement durable des capacités en appui aux négociations internationales
sur les changements climatiques
Content
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• Context of gender in the climate change
negotiations
• Considerations of the GNT and the cochairs July 24 tool
• Approaches and strategies for anchoring
gender in the Paris Agreement
Context
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• Several years of efforts since Bali led to a large recognition
of the importance of gender considerations in climate
change international debates - Why does it matter?
• The 2015 legal agreement to build on the progress
achieved under the Convention (incorporation of gender
equality into key decisions in the Cancun Agreement, the
Durban Outcomes, Doha Gateway and the Warsaw
Outcomes).
– The new agreement should support previous UNFCCC decisions
which highlight “that gender equality and the effective
participation of women and indigenous peoples are important
for effective action on all aspects of climate change”.
– Need to build on these decisions to ensure ongoing progress is
maintained.
Importance of a gender approach to climate change
• Gender decisions in the UNFCCC are coherent with several :
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– Normative frameworks on gender equality and
women’s human rights that Governments have
already agreed to (CEDAW, Hyogo Framework
for Action, Rio+20, Agenda21, Beijing Platform
for Action)
– Multilateral Environment Agreements that have
incorporated the gender dimension to
environmental issues (Convention of Biological
Diversity, United Nations Convention to Combat
Desertification).
Why does it matter?
– True ambitious climate solutions should promote social equality, environmental integrity and
secure the livelihoods of women and men, if they are to be successful.
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• Current practice and research has shown that gender-sensitive approaches to
climate action are crucial to ensuring effectiveness of emission reduction initiatives
that is needed to achieve the Convention’s goals.
• A gender sensitive approach will align climate change solutions with the
sustainable development agenda taking into account the needs, preferences and
contributions of women and men.
• Climate policies which fail to recognize and respond to the social and gender
dimensions of people’s lives and livelihoods have been shown to fail and further
exacerbate inequalities.
• Viewing climate policy through a gender lens leads properly addressing the social
dimension and human rights approach to climate change.
• Parties should promote decisions that would catalyze actions that identify issues
that are crucial to the success of the climate change solutions, such as, access to and
control of resources and sustainable development benefits, in particular poverty
eradication, health and governance.
• In the GNT, proposals on gender provisions
have been included in six sections:
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Preamble,
Section C. GENERAL/OBJECTIVE,
Section E. ADAPTATION,
Section F. FINANCE,
Section G. TECHNOLOGY
Section H. CAPACITY BUILDING
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Gender references in the GNT
• Part I include provisions in three sections:
– E. ADAPTATION (para 9, option 4),
– F. FINANCE (para 13.2) and
– H. CAPACITY BUILDING (para 23).
• Part II include provisions on Section E : Adaptation
– NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLANNING PROCESSES ( para 13.b)
– GUIDANCE FOR COUNTRY DRIVEN PROCESSES AND
PROPOSALS (14. m).
• Part III includes GNT provisions on gender in
– PREAMBLE,
– SECTION C and
– TECHNOLOGY
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Gender in the July 24 co-chairs tool
PART ONE: DRAFT AGREEMENT
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[E. Adaptation and loss and damage]
• 9. INDIVIDUAL EFFORTS
Option 4: All Parties shall in accordance with Article 4, paragraph 1, of the
Convention: {para 2 chapeau of opt 2 SCT}
• a. Prepare and implement their adaptation obligations by taking into account
climate change considerations in their national development planning and
national adaptation plans (NAPs). Such climate change considerations shall
be country-driven, gender-sensitive, participatory and fully transparent, take
into account vulnerable groups and ecosystems, be based on science and
traditional and indigenous knowledge, and promote the engagement of sub
national and local authorities and other stakeholders; {para 2 opt 2 a. – b.
SCT}
PART ONE: DRAFT AGREEMENT
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[F. Finance]
• 13 GUIDING PRINCIPLES
• 13.2. [Developed country Parties [and other Parties included in Annex II to
the Convention] [shall][should][other] provide financial resources [to
developing country Parties] for the [full and] enhanced implementation of the
Convention under this agreement [in order to][in a manner that]][Parties
should ensure that climate finance and investment provided and mobilized
under this agreement][Such climate financing shall be in a manner that
facilitates the provision of assistance to developing country Parties for
implementing their climate actions under the Convention and this agreement
and shall]: {para 81 chapeau of opt 1 81.2, chapeau of opt 2 81.2, chapeau of
opt 3, and para 80 Opt II SCT}
• c. [Be][Pursue a] gender-sensitive and [based on a] country [-owned and] driven approach [and ensure the right to development of developing
countries]; {para 81 opt 1 81.2 e., opt 2 81.1 l. and opt 3 I. SCT}
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PART ONE: DRAFT AGREEMENT
[H. Capacity-building] [Option 1:
• 23. FEATURES [Capacity-building [shall][should][other] be a
formal, structured, clear, predictable, effective, coordinated,
continuous, progressive and iterative process that is
participatory, country-driven, sustainable and genderresponsive with a long-term vision for sustainable development.
Capacity-building [shall] [should][other] respond to national
needs and foster country ownership [including at the national,
sub national and local levels].] {para 135 c., d., f. and I. SCT}
PART TWO: DRAFT DECISION 1/CP.21
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• [E. Adaptation and loss and damage]
• 13. NATIONAL ADAPTATION PLANNING
PROCESSES [Decides that:
• b. All Parties shall involve, and facilitate the
participation of, relevant stakeholders in adaptation
planning, decision-making and monitoring and
evaluation processes, in particular women and
indigenous peoples; {para 5 opt 3 a. SCT}
PART TWO: DRAFT DECISION 1/CP.21
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• 14. GUIDANCE FOR INDIVIDUAL EFFORTS
• m. Be country-driven, , [community-based,] participatory and fully
transparent, take into account vulnerable groups ( and children) and
preserving ecosystems, be based on [best available] science [and knowledge,]
[and][including] traditional and indigenous knowledge, and promote the
engagement of sub national and local authorities and other stakeholders;]
{para 4 opt 3 SCT}
• 16. GUIDANCE FOR COUNTRY-DRIVEN PROCESSES AND
PROPOSALS [Decides that country- driven processes and proposals of
developing countries49 [shall][should][other] be, inter alia, gender-sensitive,
participatory and fully transparent, take into account vulnerable groups and
ecosystems, and be based on science and/or traditional and indigenous
knowledge [systems];] {para 6 opt 3 SCT}
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PART THREE: PROVISIONS WHOSE PLACEMENT REQUIRES
FURTHER CLARITY AMONG PARTIES IN RELATION TO THE DRAFT
AGREEMENT OR DRAFT DECISION
[A. Preamble]
• Pp30 EQUALITY, ENVIRONMENTAL INTEGRITY AND RIGHTS
[[Stressing][Acknowledging] [that [Parties in] all actions to address climate change
[and all the processes established under this agreement] should ensure [a genderresponsive approach][gender equality and intergenerational equity], take into
account [environmental integrity][the protection of the integrity of Mother Earth],
[and] [full] respect for [all] human rights,][ the right to development and the rights of
[youth and] indigenous peoples, [[as well as [ensure][promote][the importance of] a]
just transition of the workforce and the creation of decent work in accordance with
nationally defined development priorities and strategies]],] {pp33, pp34 and pp36
SCT}
• Pp31 POST 2015 DEVELOPMENT AGENDA [Recognizing that all actions on
climate change shall significantly contribute to the post-2015 development agenda of
the United Nations with a particular focus on human rights, good governance, gender
equality and the needs of particularly vulnerable groups,] {pp35 SCT}
[C. General/Objective]
• 1. GUIDING PRINCIPLES [Actions to implement this Agreement, shall be
guided by [Article 3 of the Convention] [and] the following:
• 1.8 [All Parties shall ensure:
a. Respect for and the protection, promotion and fulfillment of human rights
for all;
b. Gender equality and the full and equal participation of women in all
climate actions and decision- making processes;
c. A just transition of the workforce that creates decent work and quality
jobs; d. The integrity of Mother Earth;
e. The right to development;
f. The rights of indigenous peoples.]] {elements of para 15 GNT}
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PART THREE: PROVISIONS WHOSE PLACEMENT REQUIRES
FURTHER CLARITY AMONG PARTIES IN RELATION TO THE DRAFT
AGREEMENT OR DRAFT DECISION
PART THREE: PROVISIONS WHOSE PLACEMENT REQUIRES FURTHER CLARITY
AMONG PARTIES IN RELATION TO THE DRAFT AGREEMENT OR DRAFT DECISION
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[G. Technology development and transfer] 72. INDIVIDUAL EFFORTS [Option 1:
• 72.2 ADDRESSING BARRIERS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES [Developing country
Parties][Parties not included in annex X], with the support of [developed country
Parties][Parties included in annex Y][all countries in a position to do so], [shall][should][other]
undertake steps to address barriers to [equal access to] [access] technology and to establish and
strengthen their national structures, policy frameworks, institutions and capacity in order to
enable and accelerate the strengthening of endogenous capacity for the absorption, development
and transfer of technologies in developing countries, and endogenous technology development
and transfer, attract investments and enhance country ownership and innovation[, building on
traditional technologies already used by local communities, including women, and according to
their needs and capacities, so as to be able to build and develop their own technological
base][including those stemming from traditional knowledge systems of indigenous peoples and
local communities]; {para 131.2 SCT}
• 72.5 RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT AND DEMONSTRATION [All Parties] [Global
participative collaboration] [enabled] [led] by [Annex II Parties][Parties included in annex
Y][developed country Parties][all countries in a position to do so] [shall][should][other]
accelerate [global collaboration on] the research, development [and][,] demonstration [and the
scaling-up of the implementation] of technologies. {Chapeau of para 131.6 SCT}
• d. Technology assessment to ensure civil society participation with a gender perspective, and
integrate a multilateral, independent and participatory evaluation of technologies for their social,
economic and environmental impacts. {para 131.6 a. – d. SCT}
• Placement
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Preamble
General section/ Objectives
Principles
Operative sections
Any combinations
• Strategies
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Approaches and recommendations
– Gender and Human rights ?
– Facing some game play ( Gender in Adaptation and General
section C)
For further information
Global Gender and Climate Alliance (GGCA)
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The Women’s Environment and Development Organization
(WEDO)
&
working toward a gender-responsive approach to the 2015 agreement, in order to
ensure enhanced action towards the ultimate objective of the Convention
Further information
http://www.wedo.org/
http://www.gender-climate.org/
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Thanks