Transcript Cell Dudes From Long Ago - ISD 279

Cell Dudes From Long Ago
Antonie van
Leeuwenhoek lived
from 1632 to 1723
He made the best single
lens microscopes in the
world at that time
With it he observed
many kinds of cells:
Algae, Bacteria,
Protozoa, and other
multi-celled organisms
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek wasn’t
interested in fame or money. He was
just very curious. This is what he
said:
“ . . . my work, which I've done
for a long time, was not pursued
in order to gain the praise I now
enjoy, but chiefly from a craving
after knowledge”
Antony van Leeuwenhoek.
Letter of June 12, 1716
This is what Antonie van Leeuwenhoek’s
Microscope looked like:
These are some of the Cells that
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Saw:
Robert Hooke was into all aspects of science
– Astronomy, Physics and Biology
• He Lived From 1635
to 1703
• Made one of the
best microscopes in
the world for it’s
time
• There are no pictures
of Robert Hooke. He
got into a big fight with
Isaac Newton, and
after he died, all of his
stuff disappeared
Hooke’s Really Good
Microscope
Robert Hooke Looked at Cork
• This is a
Drawing that He
made:
• He saw little
compartments,
and he called
them “Cells”
• He Gave Cells
Their Name
Robert Brown lived from 1773 to 1858
He was a Botanist – He studied Plants
• He was a guy
who looked at
every thing
that he could
under his
microscope
• This is his
Microscope:
Robert Brown was the first person
to identify the Cell Nucleus
These are Orchid leaves which he observed:
The next important Cell Dude is
Matthais Schleiden
He lived from 1804 to 1881
• He went to school to
become a Lawyer, but
changed his career to
become a Professor of
Botany instead
• In 1838, he came up
with the idea that all
plants are made from
cells
Schwann discovered that Animals
are also made up from cells
• Schwann lived from
1810 until 1882
• He Studied Muscle
Cells, Nerve Cells
and Yeast Cells
Nerve Cells
Rudolf Virchow lived from 1821
until 1902. He was a really good
medical doctor. He concluded that
all cells come from other cells
He pushed the idea
that diseases usually
result from
problems with cells
rather than from
problems with other
bigger parts of the
body
Together, Schleiden, Schwann and
Virchow are given most of the
credit for coming up with the
CELL THEORY which states:
1.
All living things are made
from cells
2. All Cells are produced from
other cells
3. Cells are the basic unit of life
1930’s- Electron Microscopes
Electron microscopes
which magnify things
100’s of thousands of
times bigger allows us
to identify many cell
parts and jobs.
• TEM- Transmission
Electron Microscopesfocus electron beams
through thinly sliced
objects. Electrons that
pass through are recorded
on the other side of the
slide.
Chloroplast at 10,000x
• SEM- Scanning Electron Microscopes- scatters
electrons over the surface of an object.
Electrons reflect into screen. Gives a 3dimensional look.
Red Cell, Platelet, White Cell at 2,000x
SEM- Fly(100x)
SEM- Steel (10,000)
Smaller parts in the cell
TEM-10,000x
The two different categories
of cells:
• Prokaryote = no nucleus
(bacteria)
• Eukaryote = with nucleus
(animal & plant)
BUT MANY SIMPLE CELLS
DON’T HAVE A NUCLEUS
(Prokaryote)
Some Cells have a NUCLEUS
(Eukaryotes)
NUCLEUS
What do Cells look like?
Well, cells come in many
shapes and sizes.
The background to the
slides is a false color
image of bacteria cells
Plant Cells Have a Cell wall around the
Membrane that gives them a regular
shape (Like Bricks In A Wall):
Animal Cells Have No Cell wall around the
Membrane they often have irregular shapes:
Brain Cancer Cell
Cancer cell being
attacked by the
immune system
One More Picture of Animal cells:
Muscle Cell
Some Single Cell Organisms have many
special parts that allow them to do with
just one cell the same things that most
other creatures do with millions of cells:
One Complex Cell That does it all:
Some single celled plants that live in the
water make really cool shells
This Is A White Blood Cell Reaching
Out To Grab Invading Bacteria
Cells Are Cool!
Without them Nothing would be Alive
All Living things are made of Cells
All Cells Come From Other Cells
Cells Are the Basic Unit of Life
You Are Made of Trillions of Different
Kinds of Special Cells That work
Together to Keep you Alive