Transcript Greening of Refrigeration Industry in China*Refrigerator and

Greening of Refrigerator & Room
Air-Conditioner Industry in China
Ms. Liu Yuan FECO/MEP
Ms. Wang Lei CHEAA
11 September 2009, Manila
Contents
What happened
What impacted
What done
What contributed
What do in future
--For greening refrigerator and room air
conditioner industry in China
CFCs and HCFCs used
CFCs and HCFCs have been broadly used as
refrigerant and foaming agent in Refrigerator and
Room air conditioner products
• CFC-11 (foaming agent) and CFC-12 (refrigerant) used in
refrigerator sector in China
• HCFC-22 (refrigerant) used in Room air conditioner in China
What happened
Refrigerator and Room air conditioner sector
were rapidly developed since 1980’s in China
Historic production of
refrigerators in China (10k units)
The CFCs peak consumption are about 10,000 tones/year
during 1995 – 2002, new consumption is zero since 2008
5000
y = 640.56e0.1383x
R² = 0.9525
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
What happened
Since 1980’s, China refrigerator sector is growing up quickly
driven by domestic and international market.
Historic production of room air –
conditioner (10k units)
8000
y = 696.17x - 577.36
R² = 0.9667
7000
6000
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
0
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
What happened
9000
ODS and GHGs
With scientific confirmation, while CFCs and
HCFCs consumed, the man-made chemicals and
human activities are having a significant adverse
impact on the ozone layer and the global climate.
What impacted
A number of commonly used chemicals have
been found to be extremely damaging to the
ozone layer which including the chemicals used in
refrigerator and room air conditioner products.
The linkage between Climate
change and Ozone layer depleting
Some Fgases are
ODSs
All F-gases are GHGs
What impacted
Climate
change--impact on
ozone
depleting
Schematic diagram
HFCs/HCFCs/CFCs
What impacted
ODP of the F-gases
What impacted
GWPs of halocarbons commonly
reported under the MP
refrigerators
AC
What impacted
refrigerators
GWPs of halocarbons commonly
reported under the UNFCCC
AC
What impacted
AC
China: Impact on GEP (history)
• LOW (China’s CO2 emissions from fossil fuel combustion
were 79 Mt in 1950, contributing only 1.13% of the world
total at that time; cumulative emissions of CO2 from fossil
fuel combustion accounted for only 9.33% of the world
total during the period of 1950~2002, and the cumulative
CO2 emissions per capita are 61.7 tons over the same
period, ranking the 92nd in the world.)
Ozone layer depleting:
• LOW (less than 1% of the total emissions) before 1995;
What impacted
Climate change:
China: Impact on GEP (current)
Climate change:
large country for
total emission (6.1
billion ton CO2e)
Ozone layer
depleting: the
largest country on
production and
consumption of
HCFCs
What impacted
a largest and fast developing but
not developed
How to solve the global
environmental problems (GEP)
• Treaty
• Convention
• Agreement
• Protocol
• exchange of notes
• declaration
What done
Nowadays, ozone depletion and climate
change have been at the forefront of the
international community’s environmental
agenda
The bases and principles for the
cooperation
Common but differentiated responsibilities: the respective
capabilities of developed and developing countries, as well as the
common but differentiated responsibilities of States as set forth
in Principle 7 of the Rio Declaration on Environment and
Development.
What done
That States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United
Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign
right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own
environmental and developmental policies, and the responsibility
to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not
cause damage to the environment of other states or of areas
beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.
How China working together with the world
for solving the GEP (climate change and
ozone layer protection)
Vienna Convention/Montreal
Protocol (1989/1991)
UNFCCC/Kyoto Protocol (1993/2002)
What done
China signed / ratified:
Ozone layer protection in China
Country Program for Phaseout of Ozone Depleting
Substances (CP) which the government approved in
January 1993 and updated in November 1999
Copenhagen Amendment (2004)
Adjustment MP (2007)
What done
Vienna Convention/Montreal Protocol (1989/1991)
ODS Phaseout approach
• Project - Sector Plan – Country Plan
Production – consumption – alternatives –policy
Completed the first country program in developing country
Developed the first sector plan for phaseout ODS
• (was recommended in the 10 year assessment report for GEF
implementation)
Choosing suitable alternatives
What done
Phaseout activities
Phaseout Target & Fund (by 2008)
Production
phaseout
target(ton
ODP)
Total
phaseout
target(ton
ODP)
IC (million USD,
including
supporting cost)
China
111,198
123,328
234,526
782
All Article 5
244,818
176,736
421,555
2,308
Percentage
45%
70%
56%
34%
What done
Consumption
phaseout
target (ton
ODP)
Compliance with MP, Program
implemented by UNIDO in China
HC technology used for the
refrigerator production
Energy efficiencies were significantly
approved
What done
Total phaseout 17,300 tons ODP with
115 million USD IC, mainly in
refrigerator and foam sector
Project Title
MP/CPR/94/405
ELIMINATION OF OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES USED IN THE
PRODUCTION OF COMPRESSORS FOR HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATORS AT
JIAXIPERA COMPRESSOR COMPANY LTD.
CONVERSION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR AND FREEZER FACTORIES
TO PHASE OUT CFC-12 AND CFC-11 BY HYDROCARBONS ISOBUTANE
AND CYCLO-PENTANE AT HANGZHOU XILING HOLDINGS COMPANY
CONVERSION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR AND FREEZER FACTORIES
TO PHASE OUT CFC-12 AND CFC-11 AT HANGZHOU XILING HOLDINGS
COMPANY
WORKSHOP ON DOMESTIC AND COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATOR
COMPRESSOR CONVERSION
FORMULATION OF INVESTMENT PROJECTS IN THE REFRIGERATION
SECTOR WITH PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION
AND COMPRESSOR MANUFACTURING
CONVERSION OF COMPRESSOR PRODUCTION FOR DOMESTIC
REFRIGERATORS FROM CFC-12 TO HYDROCARBON REFRIGERANT AT
JIAXIPERA COMPRESSOR FACTORY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE HANGZHOU HUARI REFRIGERATOR
COMPANY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE COMPRESSOR FACTORY OF THE HUANGSHI
DONGBEI REFRIGERATION COMPANY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE XI'AN YUAN DONG COMPRESSOR COMPANY
MP/CPR/95/039
MP/CPR/95/127
MP/CPR/95/141
MP/CPR/96/028
MP/CPR/96/032
MP/CPR/96/042
MP/CPR/96/087
MP/CPR/96/139
MP/CPR/96/184
MP/CPR/96/185
MP/CPR/97/078
MP/CPR/97/090
MP/CPR/97/091
MP/CPR/97/092
MP/CPR/97/183
MP/CPR/97/193
MP/CPR/97/194
MP/CPR/97/195
MP/CPR/97/202
MP/CPR/98/047
MP/CPR/98/108
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF AUCMA ELECTRIC
APPLIANCES GROUP COMPANY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE HOUSEHOLD REFRIGERATOR COMPRESSOR
FACTORY OF THE GUANGZHOU WANBAO COMPRESSOR GROUP
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF HEFEI MEILING
COMPANY LTD.
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE ZEL TIANJIN COMPRESSOR COMPANY LTD.
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF ZEROWATT
ELECTRIC APPLIANCES GROUP
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE HUALING REFRIGERATOR PLANT
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE CHANGSHU REFRIGERATING EQUIPMENT
WORKS (BAIXUE), CHANGSHU
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF BOLE ELECTRIC
APPLIANCES GROUP
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE FREEZER PLANT OF XING XING ELECTRIC
APPLIANCES INDUSTRIAL COMPANY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF ZHEJIANG
RONGSHENG ELECTRIC COMPANY LTD., ZHEJIANG, DEQING COUNTY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE YUHUAN COMPRESSOR FACTORY IN KANMEN
TOWN IN YUHUAN COUNTY
PHASING OUT ODS AT THE REFRIGERATOR PLANT OF HEFEI HUALING
ELECTRONIC COMPANY, LTD.
CONVERSION FROM CFC-12 TO ISOBUTANE TECHNOLOGIES AND
PRODUCTS AT THE COMPRESSOR FACTORY OF HANGLI REFRIGERATION
LTD., HANGZHOU
Project fund
ODS Phaseout
40,294
-
16,012
-
2,790,320
360
40,237
-
55,000
-
1,490,000
96
2,814,027
338
899,030
60
1,593,140
-
2,914,904
708
2,250,000
3
3,203,283
849
962,175
30
2,383,490
423
672,322
280
3,026,819
426
1,467,465
132
3,012,503
348
986,101
178
1,455,969
116
777,720
83
680,207
-
What done
Project Number
Project Number Project Title
MP/C PR/98/108
MP/C PR/98/109
MP/C PR/99/166
MP/C PR/99/168
MP/C PR/00/047
MP/C PR/00/049
MP/C PR/00/051
MP/C PR/00/137
MP/C PR/00/154
MP/C PR/00/157
MP/C PR/01/132
MP/C PR/01/216
MP/C PR/02/008
MP/C PR/02/071
MP/C PR/03/001
MP/C PR/03/001
Amendment No.1
MP/C PR/05/003
MP/C PR/04/130
MP/C PR/04/130
TF/C PR/05/005
MP/C PR/07/002
MP/C PR/07/010
MP/C PR/08/011
Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan
(second tranche)
Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan
(third tranche)
Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan
(fourth tranche)
TOTAL
Project fund
ODS Phaseout
680,207
-
272,647
35
2,014,728
668
2,146,889
199
49,215
-
40,000
-
30,000
-
2,988,840
563
22,035
-
5,338,459
891
2,392,316
212
2,808,338
750
2,450,123
359
70,000
-
4,325,709
849
5,556,539
318
2,190,335
600
113,250
-
550,000
2,843,933
1,647
1,117,550
782
690,100
793
705,550
680
39,396,763
9,347
What done
MP/C PR/00/122
C ONVERSION FROM C FC -12 TO ISOBUTANE
TEC HNOLOGIES AND PRODUC TS AT THE
C OMPRESSOR FAC TORY OF HANGLI REFRIGERATION
LTD., HANGZHOU
REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 WITH HC FC -141B FOAM
BLOWING AGENT AND C FC -12 WITH HFC - 134A IN
THE MANUFAC TURE OF DOMESTIC
REFRIGERATORS/FREEZERS AT THE BEIJING
FREEZING EQUIPMENT FAC TORY
REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH
C YC LOPENTANE AND ISOBUTANE IN THE
PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT MOGANSHAN
ELEC TRIC APPLIANC ES C OMPANY
REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH
C YC LOPENTANE AND ISOBUTANE IN THE
PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT ZHEJIANG
ELEC TRIC AL EQUIPMENT C OMPANY
PREPARATION OF INVESTMENT PROJEC T IN THE
REFRIGERATION C OMPRESSOR SEC TOR
PREPARATION OF INVESTMENT PROJEC T IN THE
TRANSPORTATION REFRIGERATION SEC TOR (FOAM
C OMPONENT)
PREPARATION OF INVESTMENT PROJEC T IN THE
DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION (HYDROC ARBONS)
SEC TOR
REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH
C YC LOPENTANE AND HFC -134A IN THE PRODUC TION
OF REFRIGERATORS AT BANSHEN ELEC TRIC
APPLIANC ES C O.
PREPARATION OF 2 INVESTMENT PROJEC TS IN THE
DOMESTIC (HYDROC ARBONS) SEC TOR
Replacement of C FC -11 With Hcfc-141b in
Manufacturing of Pu Rigid Spray Foam for Insulation
At 26 Enterprises
REPLAC EMENT OF C FC -11 AND C FC -12 WITH
C YC LOPENTANE AND ISOBUTANE IN THE
PRODUC TION OF REFRIGERATORS AT LITTLE SWAN
ELEC TRIC (JINGZHOU) C O. LTD.
PHASE-OUT OF C FC -12 IN THE MANUFAC TURE OF
EXTRUDED POLYSTRYR ENE FOAMS TO BUTAN AT 9
ENTERPRISES (UMBRELLA)
Phase-out of C FC -12 in the Manufacturing of Extruded
Polystyrene Foams through the Use of Butane as a
Blowing Agent at 7 Enterprises (Terminal Umbrella
Project)
PREPARATION OF DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION AND
C OMPRESSOR MANUFAC TURING SEC TORAL PHASEOUT PLAN (ADVANC E)
TERMINAL UMBRELLA PROJEC T FOR THE
ELIMINATION OF C FC -12 IN M ANUFAC TURING OF
EPE FOAM PAC KAGING NETS AT 30 ENTERPRISES
SEC TOR PLAN C FC FINAL PHASE- OUT: DOMESTIC
REFRIGERATION AND DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION
C OMPRESSORS
SEC TOR PLAN C FC FINAL PHASE- OUT: DOMESTIC
REFRIGERATION AND DOMESTIC REFRIGERATION
C OMPRESSORS
Phasing out ODS at the refrigerator plant of BOLE
Electric Appliances Group REINSTATEMENT
Refrigeration servicing sector C FC phase-out plan
(first tranche)
Refrigeration Servicing Sector C FC phase-out Plan
CFCs free
• about 40 million refrigerators made with
HC technologies and energy efficiency
• Others made with HFCs and other
refrigerants
What done
The 45.9 million refrigerators
converted from CFCs to non-CFCs
Global contributions
What contributed
MP provided dual protection: to Ozone
layer and to Climate change
MP Overall benefits for 2010
GWP-weighted
emissions
(GtCO2-eq/yr) 13.3-16.7
Radiative
forcing (W/m2)

0.28-0.33
Offsets
Net value
Ozone depletion
HFCs
2.7-3.3
0.9
9.7-12.5
0.06
0.02
0.20-0.25
Kyoto target 2008-2012: ~2 GtCO2-eq/yr
What contributed
NMP87Baseline
At least 45,900 tons CFCs for new refrigerator
production have been phased out
• 45,900 tons ODP has been phaseout per year
• 235 million ton CO2e emission has been avoided per
year (account the 40 million refrigerators made with HC
theologies only; energy saving has not been included)
5000
4500
4000
3500
3000
2500
2000
1500
1000
500
0
y = 640.56e0.1383x
R² = 0.9525
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
What contributed
ODP and GWP avoided in Chinese
refrigerator sector
China CFC Free before 2008
What contributed
Two years ahead than the MP requirement
to phaseout CFCs and Halons
200
180
Baseline
Freeze
10% reduction
35%
67.5%
servicing 2.5%
100%
160
140
120
2009-2010
2013
2015
2020
2025
2030
2040
Environmental benefits:
67.8%
800,000
21,000,000,000
100
reduction to current MP
tons ODP
potential CO2 e
80
60
40
20
Old MP before 2007
New MP
2040
2039
2038
2037
2036
2035
2034
2033
2032
2031
2030
2029
2028
2027
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
0
What contributed
What are China’s contributions with other
developing countries in 2007 during MP parties
meeting?
Currently , UNIDO is helping China
to develop HPMP in RAC sector;
• Invite experts to introduce suitable
alternatives
• Joint data survey
• Joint design phaseout strategy
What do in future
What do in future
- RAC sector as an example
Dual environmental benefits of ozone
layer protection and climate change
China will phase out about 70,000 tons
HCFC-22 (3,850 tons ODP) in this sector
concomitant with reducing 2,100 tons
HFC-23 (25 million ton CO2e) per year;
What do in future
In the future, implementation of adopted
HPMP will gain the dual environmental
benefits of ozone layer protection and
climate change;
Potential environmental benefit
Assuming HC as
alternative, then,
•HC, HFCs and others are
the potential substitutes;
• By 2030, estimation of
environmental benefits
of phasing out HCFC-22
for RAC sector will be:
avoided 409 mtCO2-eq
emission directly and
20568×108 kw-hr
energy saving which
avoided 1810 mtCO2-eq
emission.
What do in future
China is searching
alternatives for HCFCs;
The joint efforts contribute to
green not only the Chinese
industry, but also let Chinese
industry provide the world
green industrial products for the
global sustainable development.
What do in future
As one of the largest sector, the
RAC sector has high potential to
introduce more green products
which would contribute to the
environment via zero ODP, low
GWP and high energy efficiency.
Thank you!
33