Transcript - UNDP Climate Change Adaptation

Resilience building to climate
change and health
Bangladesh Country presentation
1 June 2016, Bangkok
Dr Iqbal Kabir
Coordinator
Climate Change and Health Promotion Unit
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
CASE STUDY: BANGLADESH VULNERABILITY
Bangladesh: Part of GBM Highly Vulnerable to Climate Change
General vulnerabilities of the country
In Bangladesh the lives and livelihoods of
36 million people in the southern coast are
already directly affected by climate change
DROUGHT - Affects about 8.3 million of land.
FLASH FLOOD - Unpredictable, uncertain.
FLOOD - Inundates more areas, increases river erosion, breaches
embankments, damages infrastructures.
SALINITY INTRUSION - Spreading intrusion from 1.5 to 2.5 Mha
(2007). Projected displacement: 6-8 m by 2050
CYCLONE - Remain to be the deadliest and most destructive
hazard. It has recurring events, lingering aftermath, complex
recovery.
AND
CLIMATE CHANGE HAZARDS, EARTHQUAKES, FIRE
BREAKOUT, INFRASTRUCTURE COLLAPSE ETC.
SIDR, AILA…The Innocent Victims
Women and Children the
most vulnerable Group
Health is directly linked with Food, Water,
Shelter and Livelihood crisis
in Disaster
Health Vulnerabilities
*Cost estimation for climate
attributable diseases (2010-2021)
* Source: DGHS
Existing policy, strategies for CC and Health
• BCCSAP 2009
Under thematic area 1 (Food security, social protection and health) some programs and actions
have been identified on health sector, namely:


Research on the impact of climate change on health (including the incidence of
malaria and dengue, diarrheal diseases, heatstroke) and the cost to society of
increased mortality, morbidity and consequent fall in productivity
Develop adaptive strategies against outbreaks of malaria, dengue and other vector
borne diseases, and invest in preventive and curative measures and facilities.
Develop adaptive strategies against diarrheal and other diseases, which may
increase due to climate change, and invest in preventive and curative measures
and facilities
National Health policy
Endorsed Climate Change and health issues as a public health concern, Health
adaptation strategy developed with technical support from WHO
HPNSDP (Health sector Programme)
Created separate domain under Non-communicable disease control programme at the
Directorate General of Health Services and a new post of Deputy Programme Manager
(Climate change and health) has been created. Another post of Deputy Programme
Manager (emerging and re-emarging diseases) has been created under
Communicable Disease control programme.
Existing Programmes
A model best practice for LDCs
Climate Change and Health Promotion Unit
Goal of the unit
To build capacity and strengthen health systems to
combat the health impact of climate change and to
protect human health from current and projected risks
due to climate change.
Completed one project worth of 2.5m USD from 2010-2013 by CCTF, MOEF
(local fund)
[Risk Reduction of Climate Change impact on health sector]
Projects and programmes for CCH
• Climate Change Trust Fund Project
(completed)
• DFID funded ‘Building adaptation to climate
change in health through resilient WASH’
project supported by WHO (ongoing)
• Adaptation research to climate change and
health by CCTF (starting soon)
• GEF-UNDP-WHO (upcoming)
The Health System Networks
Type of Facility
Level
National
Regions (6)
•
•
In Ward level, there were lack of static
health facility
Community Clinics will fulfill this lack
Super-specialty
hospital
Medical
college/tertiary
hospital
District (64)
50-250 bed
hospital
Sub-district
(482)
31-50 bed
hospital
Union
(4,498)
Outpatient
static facility
Ward
(13,394)
Villages
(87,000)
Domiciliary
Workers
National policy response
Status
Governance
and Policy
Country has identified a national focal point for climate
change in the Ministry of Health

Country has a national health adaptation strategy approved
by relevant government body

The National Communication submitted to UNFCCC includes
health implications of climate change mitigation policies

Country is currently implementing projects or programmes on
health adaptation to climate change

Country has implemented actions to build institutional and
technical capacities to work on climate change and health

Health
Country has conducted a national assessment of climate
Adaptation
change impacts, vulnerability and adaptation for health
Implementation Country has climate information included in Integrated Disease

Surveillance and Response (IDSR) system, including
development of early warning and response systems for
climate-sensitive health risks
x
Country has implemented activities to increase climate
resilience of health infrastructure
x
Status
Financing and
costing
mechanisms
Health Benefits
from Climate
Change
Mitigation
Estimated costs to implement health resilience to climate
change included in planned allocations from domestic funds
in the last financial biennium
x
Estimated costs to implement health resilience to climate
change included in planned allocations from international
funds in the last financial biennium
x
The national strategy for climate change mitigation includes
consideration of the health implications (health risks or cobenefits) of climate change mitigation actions

Country has conducted valuation of co-benefits of health
implications of climate mitigation policies
x
Challenges
• Capacity- Lack of expertise to relate climate change with the
existing programmatic approach
[CCHPU needs to be strengthen in terms of resources such as manpower and technology
(Statistical expert, climatologist etc.)]
•
Policy- Operational Plan budget allocation for CCH in next
sector programme (HPNSDP)
• HNAP integration with NAP, coordination with MOEF
• Engagement of Health professionals
• Gender equity
[Strong advocacy with policy makers and DPs for OP budget in next sector programme, HNAP
preparation]
Challenges
• Information system
Surveillance- Gap between climatic parameters and
disease surveillance, , data validity
[Climate sensitive diseases should have separate monitoring system under the integrated
disease surveillance]
Early warning system- lack of coordination among
stakeholders – meteorological department, health and
environment ministry [ Knowledge sharing from other countries]
• Service delivery- Absence of Climate sensitive approach ,
Emergency preparedness and DRR-climatic relation in health
care [Effective Functionality at PHC level]
Super challenge
• Financing- No budget allocation for
streamlining CCH activities, sustainability
[ regular budget allocation under sector programme, further research allocation for evidence
base.]
• Coordination – Everybody commits nobody
acts, streamlining CCH with SDGs
[ Cross-ministry mechanism from local to central level, bottom-up approach]
GEF Project
• Opportunity for better coordination, intra and extra
sectoral
• Focused budgeting scope
• Integration of surveillance activities
• Advocacy with policy makers for climate sensitive
approach in health system development
• Scoping of strengthening climate resilient service
delivery/health care facilities
• International collaboration, knowledge sharing and
multi-country project preparation
Way Forward
Coordination
among
Ministries
Response
Community
Group
Preparedness
Local Government+ Health
CBA
YOUTH+ School students+ CC+
CBO
Some Good examples of work
Baseline Survey
Base line Survey was conducted in the
vulnerable area in order to make an
assessment of health outcomes relating to
Climate Change and knowledge about Climate
Change among rural population in
Bangladesh.
Training manual on Climate Change & Health for Model
School Health and Community Clinics using PHC approach
The manual on Climate Change and Health for
School Children has been already approved as
supplementary reading by National Curriculum
& Text Board (NCTB).
Community Radio Initiative for Climate resilience and
effective early warning system in costal belt
• Community Radio for building
awareness on early warning
system and climate resilience on
public health for the costal
population.
• PPP Model- MOHFW and NHCHF
(Nalta Hospital & Community
Health Foundation, Satkhira) is
broadcasting 2 hours radio
program every day on early
warning system and climate
resilience on public health with
edutainment approach using folk
media and local languages. 'Radio
Sagargiri‘ in Shitakunda,
Chittagong is going to start their
broadcasting soon.
E-Health and Telemedicine
CCHPU is going to facilitate Community Clinics
with tele-medicare in the climate victim areas
with solar PV system.
Community Based Approach for AdaptationTo Remove Salinity of Water
To facilitate pure and safe drinking water in the cyclone 'Aila'
affected regions CCHPU took an attempt to purify water for
removing salinity and monitor the changes.
Training on Climate Change and Health
Awareness Billboards
School Health Programe
Training enhance knowledge
Training of Surveillance and Telemedicine
Sapling Distribution Program
• 5 lac sapling distributed among the students
of class-VII of 8 district
• Each of them get 3 different type of sapling 1 medicinal plant,1 timber growing plant and
1 local fruit plant.
Recently Published Research Articles
in peer reviewed journals
• Child Centred Approach to Climate Change
and Health Adaptation through Schools in
Bangladesh: A Cluster Randomised
Intervention Trial- PLOS ONE
• http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10
.1371/journal.pone.0134993
Published research articles…
• Climate change and health in Bangladesh: a
baseline cross-sectional survey- Global Health
Action
• http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P
MC4821870/
• Knowledge and perception about climate change
and human health: findings from a baseline survey
among vulnerable communities in Bangladesh- BMC
Public Health
• http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/ar
ticles/10.1186/s12889-016-2930-3
Thank you
www.cchpu-mohfw.gov.bd