Transcript GMESUU-G1Module-vFINALx

Copernicus Introduction
Bucharest, Romania – 7th & 8th November 2013
Contents
Introduction
GMES  Copernicus
Six thematic areas
Infrastructure
Space data
An introduction to Remote Sensing
In-situ data
Applications
Summary & Questions
Introduction
GMES  Copernicus
"By changing the name from GMES to Copernicus we are paying
homage to a great European scientist and observer: Nicolaus
Copernicus” – Antonio Tajani, European Commission Vice President
Copernicus – Understanding our planet
European Programme to collect data and provide information
Enhance Safety
Contribute to Europe’s strategy for growth and employment
Monitor climate change
Manage natural resources
Air quality
Optimise agricultural activities
Promote renewable energy
Disaster management
Emergency management
Introduction continued
Six thematic areas
Operational:
Land monitoring
Emergency management
Pre-operational:
Atmosphere monitoring
Marine monitoring
Development Phase:
Climate change monitoring
Security services
Copernicus Introduction
GIO Land
Remote Sensing Introduction
Active vs Passive remote sensing
Resolution
Medium-low resolution
Land cover monitoring
Agriculture
Coastal dynamics
Weather
MERIS image showing
Hurricane Frances
passing near Haiti and
the Dominican
Republic, acquired 1
September 2004
Resolution
approximately 1200
metres
Image: Processed by
Brockmann Consult for
ESA
Remote Sensing Introduction
Pléiades Satellite Image – Central Park,
New York, May 2012. Image: Astrium, CNES 2012
Active vs Passive remote sensing
Resolution
Very High Resolution (VHR)
Urban area monitoring
Security applications
Remote Sensing Introduction
Active vs Passive remote sensing
Resolution
Orbits
Near-polar (~90° inclination)
Equatorial (0° inclination)
Sun-synchronous
Geostationary
Infrastructure – Space Data
Contributing Missions
30 existing or planned
5 categories
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
Sensor transmits a pulse
Satellite receives the
backscattered echoes
Returned signals from
Earth’s surface are stored
Digital
Elevation Models can
TanDEM-X
be constructed
Salt flats of
Salar de Uyuni,
South
America
Salar de
Uyuni,
Image:
Image:DLR
DLR
Infrastructure – Space Data
Optical sensors
Passive Remote sensing
Sensors detect natural radiation emitted/reflected from the Earth’s
surface
RapidEye image of
Moscow, Russia
Image: RapidEye
False-colour composite of forest fires
SPOT5
Image: CNES in southern France, summer 2003
Image: CNES
Infrastructure – Space Data
Altimetry systems
Active sensor using Radar
Precise measurements of the satellites height above the ocean by
measuring the time and interval between transmission and
reception of very short electromagnetic pulses
Applications
Measuring the
Sea-surface height (ocean topography)
freeboard of
Lateral extent of sea ice
ice
Altitude of icebergs above sea level
Image: ESA
Ice sheet topography
Land topography
Sea-surface wind speeds
Wave heights
Arctic applications
Cryosat-2
Image: ESA
Infrastructure – Space Data
Radiometry
Advanced Along-Track Scanning Radiometer (AATSR) – ENVISAT
Optical and Infrared sensor
Primary mission
Sea Surface Temperature
Ocean processes
Operational applications e.g. meterology
Can also be used for:
Land Surface Temperature
Clouds and Aerosols
Cryosphere
AATSR Global sea-surface temperature data map
Infrastructure – Space Data
Spectrometry
Passive Remote Sensing
GOMOS & SCIAMACHY – Envisat
GOME – ERS-2
No longer operational
Medium resolution
Atmospheric chemistry
Air quality (Ozone)
Clouds
Trace Gases
2010-2011 changes in atmosphere
Sentinels
Sentinel-1
Radar (SAR) imagery; all-weather, day/night for land and ocean
Polar-orbiting pair
Coverage
Europe and Canada’s main shipping route
every 1-3 days
Data
Delivery within an hour of acquisition
Continue heritage of Envisat and Radarsat
Objectives/products
Sea-ice extent
Sea-ice mapping
Oil-spill monitoring
Forest, water and soil management
Sentinels
Sentinel-2
High-resolution optical imagery for land services
Visible, NIR, SWIR (comprising 13 spectral bands)
Coverage
5-day revisit time
Large swath
High-spatial resolution
To continue heritage of Landsat and SPOT
Objectives/products
Land-cover maps
Land-change maps
Chlorophyll index
Flood/volcanic eruptions/landslide monitoring
Sentinels
Sentinel-3
High accuracy, optical, radar and altimetry for marine and land services
Radiometer (SLSTR – based on Envisat’s,
AATSR)
Ocean and Land Colour Instrument
(OLCI – based on Envisat’s MERIS
Dual-frequency Synthetic Aperture Radar
(SRAL – based on CryoSat)
<2 day revisit time at equator for OLCI, <1 day for SLSTR
To continue heritage of ERS-2 and Envisat
Objectives/products
Sea-surface topography
Sea-/land- surface temperature
Ocean-/land- surface colour
Environmental and climate monitoring
Sentinels
Sentinel-4
Payload on Meteosat Third Generation (MTG) for atmospheric
composition monitoring
Ultraviolet Visible Near-infrared (UVN) spectrometer
InfraRed Sounder (IRD)
Will include data from other satellites
Sentinel-5
Payload embarked on a MetOp Second Generation Satellite for atmospheric
composition monitoring
To bridge gaps between Envisat, Sciamachy instrument and Sentinel-5
launch
Objectives/products
Atmospheric variables
Air quality
Solar radiation
Climate monitoing
Infrastructure – In-situ Data
Main use of in-situ data is for calibration and
validation of satellite data
Reduce bias of satellite-derived data
Reduce the need for high radiometric calibration
Maximise/enhance the effectiveness of satellite data
Constrain models (data assimilation)
European Environment Agency (EEA) led work for
Copernicus under the FP7 GMES In-Situ
Coordination “GISC” project (finished October 2013)
GMES In-situ Coordination – GSIC
Goals:
To document the in-situ data required by the services
To identify gaps
To design an innovative and sustainable framework for
open access to in-situ data
Monitoring networks currently provide robust
integrated information and calibrate and validate
the data from satellites
Maps
Ground-based weather stations
Ocean buoys
Air quality monitoring networks
Applications
Feedback Forms
&
Questions