Transcript Climate change and achieving the Millennium Development Goals

Climate Change and Achieving the
Millennium Development Goals
Olav Kjorven
Director, Environment and Energy Group
Climate Change and Development
Overview of Presentation
Climate Change, Development and UNDP
• Achieving the Millennium Development Goals is UNDP’s
core commitment
• Sustainable development is the only path
Overview of UNDP’s Climate Change Strategy
• Adaptation and mitigation are equally important
components
• Reducing human vulnerability is our main focus
Building Partnerships within the UN System is Essential
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Climate Change and Development
Climate change is a major development issue
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It can no longer be considered just an environmental
issue
The vulnerability of the poor is increasing and millions are
already at risk
Climate change considerations must be mainstreamed
into national development plans and policies – but has
yet to feature strongly
How can we meet the development aspirations of the
poor in a carbon constrained world?
The Millennium Development Goals will be compromised
• Past development gains will be put in jeopardy
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Climate Risks
Climate Risks to MDGs
MDGs
CLIMATE RISKS
MDG 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and
hunger
Depleted livelihood assets, reduced
economic growth, and undermined food
security.
MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education
Reduced ability of children to participate
in full-time education by loss of
infrastructure, loss of livelihoods (forcing
children to work), and displaced families.
MDG 3: Promote gender equality and
empower women
Additional burdens on women's health
and limited time to participate in decisionmaking and income-generating activities.
MDGs 4, 5 and 6: Reduce child mortality;
improve maternal health; combat HIV/AIDS,
malaria and other diseases availability of
potable water.
Greater prevalence of vector- and waterborne diseases, and heat-related mortality,
declining food security, maternal health, and
availability of potable water
MDG 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
Negatively impacted natural resources
and productive ecosystems
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II. UNDP Strategy
Climate Exposure of Donor-funded Development
Aid flows affected by climate risk in red
Shaded areas indicate uncertainty.
Fiji
Bangladesh Egypt Tanzania Uruguay
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Nepal
Fiji
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Exposure of donor-funded development activities
40%
High estimate
(26-65%)
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27%
Low estimate
(12-50%)
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UNDP Climate Change Strategy
A balanced mix of adaptation and mitigation
Adaptation focus entails a multi-pronged approach
•Integrating adaptation into UN programmes
•Mainstreaming adaptation into development plans
•Piloting adaptation approaches
It is about reducing vulnerability and climate risks
Mitigation focus on achieving low greenhouse gas
development pathways through market transformation
•Key elements include: energy access for the poor, energy
efficiency, land degradation/biocarbon, carbon finance,
supporting technology diffusion and demonstration
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II. UNDP Strategy
Adaptation Enabling Activities
National Communications (NCs)
• Report on programmes to facilitate adaptation
• Vulnerability and Adaptation assessment a starting point for
formulating strategies, plans, projects
National Adaptation Programmes of Action (NAPAs)
• Respond to vulnerability of LDCs and prioritize adaptation
measures
Integrating climate change into country programmes in
collaboration with other agencies
• Water sector, land management, health, energy policy
• In some sector priority areas (health/agriculture) we work with
partners (WHO/FAO/UNEP)
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II. UNDP Strategy
UN Priority Policy Responses for Adaptation
Agriculture and Food Security
Food security and food production maintained or enhanced
Water Resources and Quality
Water availability and supply maintained
Public Health
Public health maintained or enhanced
Climate Change-Related Disaster Risk Management
Exposure and vulnerability to climate change-driven risks and
hazards reduced
Coastal Development
Exposure and vulnerability of population, infrastructure &
economic activity reduced
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II. UNDP Strategy
Mitigation Strategy
Energy access is critical to achieving the MDGs
• Two billion people still without access to modern energy
• Providing access to modern energy services essential to
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reducing land degradation and deforestation
Important to achieving health and education MDGs
Has important adaptation benefits and builds resilience
But we must deliver these services while minimising GHG
emissions
Energy efficiency is essential to sustainable
development
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Huge economic development benefits
Enhances energy security
UNDP is delivering a wide range of programs in this area
Energy efficiency standards and labelling a key component
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II. UNDP Strategy
Mitigation Strategy
Delivering sustainable technologies
• UNDP has a large portfolio of projects in renewable
energy technologies and resource management
• Building technical and institutional capacities, creating
and enabling environment, regulatory and legal
essential to supporting these technologies
• Combining adaptation and mitigation (through
community level forestry/land rehabilitation) can have
important MDG benefits
• Building a sustainable and reliable energy system is
essential to achieving the MDGs
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II. UNDP Strategy
Mitigation Strategy
Carbon Finance has an important role to play
• Traditional ODA funds insufficient to meet the poverty and
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environment challenge
Carbon finance could augment financial flows and assist with
technology diffusion
Biosequestration opportunities must be urgently explored
The CDM has grown rapidly and offers much potential
• But the benefits are unevenly distributed and sustainable
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development has not featured strongly in the project mix
UNDP CDM Assessment Report identified many constraints
Our aim is to broaden the participation base, particularly for the
least developed countries
UNDP MDG Carbon Facility will target high sustainable
development benefit projects – deliver more MDG benefits
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Building Partnerships
UNDP working with other agencies
• Delivering a comprehensive and integrated package
of services essential
• UNDP is works in close partnership with UNEP
• We will continue to strengthen cooperation and
integration of activities across all UN agencies
• Our global network of country offices provides an
important delivery vehicle at the country level
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Conclusion
We must maintain a focus on the MDGs
• Climate change represents an unprecedented
development challenge
• Reducing the vulnerability of the poor will be UNDP’s
key focus
• The international community must respond to this
challenge
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