Transcript Ecology

A work by :
Miguel Aguilar Janita
Daniel Barrena González
Manuel Pérez Cabezas
 Deforestation is the removal of forest, normally due to human
activities.
 Around 13 million of hectares of trees disappear every year (the
size of Costa Rica).
 Another problem is the massive destruction of the rainforests of
the world, where, the 70% of all organism, 90% of our relatives,
the primates, live in them.
 Are: we use wood for building materials, furniture, and other
paper products. Forest are also cleared to urban areas, including
roads, to grow crops and to create new grazing land.
 Its main consequences:
1- Erosion of soil: when there is rainfall, the water washes away the
rest of nutrients.
2- Loss of biodiversity.
3- Climate Change: the forest absorb and store great amounts of
water when there are heavy rains. But when forest are cut down,
there are altering periods of flood and then drought in the
affected area.
EROSION OF SOIL
CLIMATE CHANGE
TROPICAL RAINFORESTS
OVEREXPLOITATION OF
ANIMAL SPECIES
 Use different agricultural practices, so forests are not
cut to free space up for crops.
 Eliminate logging in the rainforest by providing
financial assistance to poor countries as a substitute for
income previously obtained from timber.
 Create animal reserves where animal cannot be caught
and hunted.
 Reduce greenhouse gases to prevent temperatures from
rising.
 Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a
relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically
losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife
Deforestation
B. Soil contamination
C. The loss of nutrients
D. Water scarcity
E. Soil erosion
A.
Lake Chad in a 2001 satellite image, with the actual lake in blue. The lake
has shrunk by 95% since the 1960s
Reforestation
Organic Fertilizers
Reduction of pollution
Crop Rotation
 Acoustic
pollution
is
displeasing
or
excessive noise that may disrupt the activity or balance
of human or animal life.
Day : +65 Decibels
Night : +50 Decibels
1-Hearing problems
2-Cardiovascular p.
3-Sleep disturbance
4-Mental Disorders
Urban Acoustic Pollution
2%
3%
5%
Personal cars
11%
motorcycles
44%
12%
Urban Works
pedestrians
heavy vehicles
6%
14%
3%
Garbage collection
ventilation
Car horn
Others
 Reduction of all the points we have talked before
 Noise barriers on roadways
 Alteration of roadways surface
 Promote the protection of the ears
 Consist on emitting artificial light into the
environment.
 Effects:
• Alteration of natural balance between day and night.
• Sleep disorders
• Stress
• Eye diseases
 Organic compounds , from power stations , boats or
some waste of industries , such as phenols,
hydrocarbons, detergents, etc.. Produce water
eutrophication due to a decrease in oxygen
concentration, as it allows the development of living
organisms and these consume O2.
 For example , some of this substances could be
recycled and them used to other purpose
 Other idea is to store this substances in tanks, the
problem of this idea is where you can store all this
waste substances…
 Pollutants from traffic: gases and particles emitted by
cars and other vehicles include a complex mixture of
many pollutants. Material erosion of the roads, as well
as the wear of the tires and brakes can also produce
contaminants.
 today, we can say that everyone has a car. But
increasingly, the motorsports industry takes electric
car models, if in the future this percentage increases,
this problem may disappear.
 meanwhile, we can help by using more public
transports or not using the car for short journeys