Transcript Who was one of the first people to identify and see cork cells?

Who was one of the first people
to identify and see cork cells?
1. Anton van
Leeuwenhoek
2. Robert Hooke
3. Matthias
Schleiden
4. Rudolf Virchow
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The work of Schleiden and Schwann
can be summarized by saying that
1.
all plants are made of
cells.
all animals are made of
cells.
plants and animals have
specialized cells.
all plants and animals
are made of cells.
2.
3.
4.
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Which of the following is NOT a
principle of the cell theory?
1.
Cells are the basic units
of life.
All living things are
made of cells.
Very few cells
reproduce.
All cells are produced
by existing cells.
2.
3.
4.
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The cell theory applies to
1. bacteria.
2. plants and
animals.
3. multicellular
organisms.
4. all of the above
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Electron microscopes can
reveal details
1.
100 times larger than those
visible in light microscopes.
the same size as those
visible in light microscopes.
100 times smaller than those
visible in light microscopes.
1000 times smaller than
those visible in light
microscopes.
2.
3.
4.
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Which type(s) of microscopes can produce
three-dimensional images of cells?
1. transmission
electron
microscopes
2. scanning electron
microscopes
3. both A and B
4. neither A nor B
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Researchers use fluorescent
labels and light microscopy to
1.
produce movies of cells
as they grow, divide,
and develop.
scan cells with laser
beams.
follow molecules moving
through the cell.
build three-dimensional
images of cells.
2.
3.
4.
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Prokaryotes lack
1.
2.
3.
4.
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cytoplasm.
a cell membrane.
a nucleus.
genetic material.
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Which of the following contain a
nucleus?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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prokaryotes
bacteria
eukaryotes
organelles
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Eukaryotes usually contain
1. a nucleus.
2. specialized
organelles.
3. genetic material.
4. all of the above
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Which of the following
organisms are prokaryotes?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
plants
animals
bacteria
all of the above
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Which of the following is a
function of the nucleus?
1. stores DNA
2. controls most of the
cell’s processes
3. contains the
information needed
to make proteins
4. all of the above
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Which of the following is NOT
found in the nucleus?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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cytoplasm
nucleolus
chromatin
DNA
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Which of the following statements explains
why the nucleus is important to cells?
1.
2.
3.
Only eukaryotes have nuclei.
Only prokaryotes have nuclei.
The nucleus contains coded
instructions for making proteins.
The nucleus is surrounded by a
nuclear envelope.
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Which of the following structures is
found in the cytoplasm?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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nucleolus
ribosome
chromatin
cell wall
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Which organelle breaks down food
into molecules the cell can use?
1. Golgi apparatus
2. lysosome
3. endoplasmic
reticulum
4. mitochondrion
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Which structure makes proteins using coded
instructions that come from the nucleus?
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2.
3.
4.
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Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
vacuole
ribosome
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Which organelle converts the chemical
energy stored in food into compounds that
are more convenient for the cell to use?
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1. chloroplast
2. Golgi apparatus
3. endoplasmic
reticulum
4. mitochondrion
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Which organelles help provide
cells with energy?
1. mitochondria and
chloroplasts
2. rough endoplasmic
reticulum
3. smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
4. Golgi apparatus and
ribosomes
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Which sequence correctly traces
the path of a protein in the cell?
1. rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi
apparatus, released from the cell
2. ribosome, smooth endoplasmic
reticulum, chloroplast
3. smooth endoplasmic reticulum,
lysosome, Golgi apparatus
4. mitochondria, rough endoplasmic
reticulum, cell membrane
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Which organelle would you expect to
find in plant cells but not animal cells?
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2.
3.
4.
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mitochondrion
ribosome
chloroplast
smooth
endoplasmic
reticulum
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Which of the following is a
function of the cytoskeleton?
1. helps a cell keep
its shape
2. contains DNA
3. surrounds the cell
4. helps make
proteins
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Which structures carry out cell
movement?
1. cytoplasm and
ribosomes
2. nucleolus and
nucleus
3. microtubules and
microfilaments
4. chromosomes
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Which of the following is NOT a
function of the cytoskeleton?
1. helps the cell
maintain its shape
2. helps the cell move
3. prevents
chromosomes from
separating
4. helps organelles
within the cell move
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The main function of the cell
wall is to
1. support and protect
the cell.
2. store DNA.
3. direct the activities
of the cell.
4. help the cell move.
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Unlike the cell membrane, the
cell wall is
1. found in all
organisms.
2. composed of a
lipid bilayer.
3. a flexible barrier.
4. usually made of
tough fibers.
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You will NOT find a cell wall in
which of these kinds of organisms?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
plants
animals
fungi
all of the above
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Which of the following structures serves as
the cell’s boundary from its environment?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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mitochondrion
cell membrane
chloroplast
channel proteins
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Which of the following is a
function of the cell membrane?
1. breaks down lipids, carbohydrates,
and proteins from foods
2. stores water, salt, proteins, and
carbohydrates
3. keeps the cell wall in place
4. regulates which materials enter
and leave the cell
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The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help
move materials from one side to the other. What are these
channels and pumps made of?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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carbohydrates
lipids
bilipids
proteins
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Diffusion is the movement of
molecules from
1.
an area of low concentration
to an area of high
concentration.
an area of high concentration
to an area of low
concentration.
an area of equilibrium to an
area of high concentration.
all of the above
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3.
4.
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Diffusion occurs because
1. molecules constantly move and
collide with each other.
2. the concentration of a solution is
never the same throughout a
solution.
3. the concentration of a solution is
always the same throughout a
solution.
4. molecules never move or collide with
each other.
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When the concentration of molecules on
both sides of a membrane is the same, the
molecules will
1.
move across the membrane to the
outside of the cell.
stop moving across the membrane.
move across the membrane in both
directions.
move across the membrane to the inside
of the cell.
2.
3.
4.
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Which means of particle transport
requires input of energy from the cell?
1. diffusion
2. osmosis
3. facilitated
diffusion
4. active transport
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The diffusion of water across a selectively
permeable membrane is called
1. osmotic pressure.
2. osmosis.
3. facilitated
diffusion.
4. active transport.
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An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh
water will burst because the osmotic
pressure causes
1. water to move into
the cell.
2. water to move out of
the cell.
3. solutes to move into
the cell.
4. solutes to move out
of the cell.
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Which term refers to cells having
different jobs in an organism?
1. multicellular
2. cell specialization
3. levels of
organization
4. unicellular
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The cells of multicellular
organisms are
1.
smaller than those of unicellular
organisms.
simpler than those of unicellular
organisms.
specialized to perform different
tasks.
not dependent on one another.
2.
3.
4.
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All of the following are examples
of cell specialization EXCEPT
1.
a pancreatic cell that produces proteindigesting enzymes.
muscle cells that control movement of
materials in the body
a prokaryotic cell that carries out
photosynthesis.
a red blood cell that carries oxygen.
2.
3.
4.
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Which of the following is an
example of an organ?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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heart
epithelial tissue
digestive system
nerve cell
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All of the following are types of
tissues EXCEPT
1.
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3.
4.
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muscle.
connective.
digestive.
nerve.
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A group of similar cells that perform
a particular function is called a(an)
1.
2.
3.
4.
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organ.
organ system.
tissue.
division of labor.
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Which of the following is an
organ of the digestive system?
1.
2.
3.
4.
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stomach
nerve tissue
muscle cell
epithelial tissue
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An organ system is a group of
organs that
1.
are made up of similar
cells.
are made up of similar
tissues.
work together to perform
a specific function.
work together to perform
all the functions in a
multicellular organism.
2.
3.
4.
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Which list represents the levels of
organization in a multicellular organism from
the simplest level to the most complex level?
1. cell, tissue, organ
system
2. organ system,
organ, tissue, cell
3. tissue, organ, organ
system
4. cell, tissue, organ,
organ system
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If a cell contains a nucleus, it must be a
prokaryote. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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Figure 7–1
The cell represented in Figure 7–1 is a
eukaryote. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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The assembly of ribosomes begins in a
small dense structure called the chromatin.
_________________________
1. True
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50%
2. False
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Ribosomes stud the surface of rough
endoplasmic reticulum.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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Many membrane proteins are made by the
smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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Cilia and flagella are made of protein
filaments called endoplasmic reticulum.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
The cytoskeleton helps to move organelles
within the cell.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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The main function of the cell wall is to
provide support and protection.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
Water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and some
other substances can pass through the cell
wall. _________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
The nuclear envelope regulates which
substances enter and leave a cell.
_________________________
1. True
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50%
2. False
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Once equilibrium is reached, roughly equal numbers of molecules
move in either direction across a semipermeable membrane, and there
is no further change in concentration on either side of the membrane.
_________________________
1. True
2. False
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A red blood cell placed in pure water will
shrink. _________________________
1. True
2. False
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There is a division of labor among the cells
of multicellular organisms.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
Cell specialization means that the cells in an
organism are uniquely suited to reproduce.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
A typical organ is made up of many different
kinds of cells and tissues.
_________________________
1. True
50%
50%
2. False
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2
Participant Scores
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0
Participant 1
Participant 2
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Participant 3
Participant 4
Participant 5
According to the cell theory, all cells come
from existing ____________________.
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In a eukaryote, the material between the cell
membrane and the nucleus is called the
____________________.
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Figure 7–2
The material indicated in Figure 7–2 by the
letter B is called the
____________________.
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During cell division, chromatin condenses to form
_________________________, which are
threadlike structures containing genetic material.
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Figure 7–3
The structure labeled
____________________ in Figure 7–3
consists of DNA bound to protein.
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RNA and other molecules leave the nucleus
through the structure labeled
____________________ in Figure 7–3.
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Eukaryotes contain specialized structures that
perform important cellular functions. These
structures are called ____________________.
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Unlike smooth endoplasmic reticulum, rough
endoplasmic reticulum has
____________________ attached to it.
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Enzymes in the
_________________________ attach
carbohydrates and lipids to proteins.
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Figure 7–1
The structure indicated in Figure 7–1 by the
letter F is usually larger in
____________________ cells.
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The cell takes in food and water and
eliminates wastes through the
_________________________.
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Molecules tend to move from an area where they are more
concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated.
This process is called ____________________.
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Large molecules such as glucose that cannot cross the
lipid bilayer can still move across the membrane with a
concentration gradient by _________________________.
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The cells in a multicellular organism have
specific jobs. This is called cell
_________________________.
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The levels of organization in a multicellular
organism are ____________________, tissues,
____________________, and organ systems.
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Based on the cell theory, can you assume
that all cells reproduce? Why or why not?
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What does the cell theory say?
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How do prokaryotes and
eukaryotes differ?
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Figure 7–3
Identify the structure shown in Figure
7–3 and describe its main functions.
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What are two functions of the
nucleus?
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Figure 7–2
Identify each of the cell structures indicated in Figure 7–2. Use these
terms: nucleus, mitochondrion, ribosome, cell membrane, smooth
endoplasmic reticulum, rough endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, Golgi
apparatus, cytoplasm.
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List two jobs of the
cytoskeleton.
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What advantages do cell walls provide
plant cells that contact fresh water?
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What would happen if the cell
membrane became impermeable?
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Suppose a cell were treated with a chemical
that inhibits active transport. What would
happen?
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Define diffusion.
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Explain, in terms of osmosis, why a raisin
placed in a cup of pure water overnight will
puff up with water.
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What would happen to an animal cell with an internal salt
concentration of 0.8% if it were placed in a salt solution
with a concentration of 20%? Why?
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A hypertonic salt solution has a higher concentration of
solutes than a blood cell. Explain what happens when a
blood cell is placed in a hypertonic salt solution.
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List the four levels of organization in
order from simplest to most complex.
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Summarize three statements from the cell
theory. Explain the significance of the cell
theory to biology.
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Describe the cell membrane, cell wall, nucleus, and
cytoplasm. Which of these structures are you likely to find
in a prokaryotic cell? Eukaryotic cell? Plant cell? Animal
cell?
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Compare prokaryotes with eukaryotes.
Give an example of each type of cell.
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Distinguish between microtubules and
microfilaments. Describe two functions of
each kind of structure.
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Compare and contrast the structure and
function of the cell wall with that of the cell
membrane.
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Compare the cell membrane to
a mosaic.
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Describe what happens when sugar solutions with two
different concentrations are placed on opposite sides of a
semipermeable membrane in a container.
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How do facilitated diffusion and
active transport differ?
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Compare a cell from a unicellular organism
with a cell from a multicellular organism in
terms of cell specialization.
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Discuss the levels of organization in multicellular
organisms and explain why these levels are not
used to describe unicellular organisms.
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