Transcript CDM Development in Cambodia - Capacity Development for the CDM

Fourth Regional Workshop and Training on
CD4CDM
4-5 April 2005
AIT, Bangkok, Thailand
CDM Development
in Cambodia
Tin Ponlok, Project Advisor
Presentation Outline
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Some Background Information
The Cambodian Interim DNA
Status of DNA Establishment
Proposed Cambodian DNA
Sustainable Development Criteria
Assessment/Approval Process
Reality of CDM in Cambodia
Potential for Small Scale CDM Projects
CDM Project Pipeline
1. Some Background Information
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Ratified the UNFCCC on 18 December 1995
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Acceded to the Kyoto Protocol on 4 July 2002
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The Ministry of Environment (MoE) is the National Focal
Point for the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol
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MoE was appointed as the Interim Designated National
Authority (DNA) for CDM by the Prime Minister’s Decision
No 01dated 15 July 2003;
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Strongly supports the Kyoto Protocol as a win-win measure
to contribute to country’s sustainable development and to
reduce GHG emissions. Also sees the Protocol as a tool to
rehabilitate forest resource and conserve biodiversity.
2. The Cambodian Interim DNA (1/2)
MoE was appointed as the Interim DNA for CDM by a Prime Minister’s
Decision on 15 July 2003. A Letter of Notification to the UNFCCC Secretariat
on this decision was sent on 26 August 2003. The Interim DNA’s roles:
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Develop sustainable development criteria to assess the proposed CDM
projects
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Assess the proposed CDM projects against the sustainable
development criteria
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Provide a written letter of approval confirming Cambodia's voluntary
participation in the CDM project; and that the proposed project will
assist in achieving sustainable development in Cambodia
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Be responsible for establishing the permanent DNA in cooperation with
concerned Government Ministries and Agencies and other stakeholders
2. The Cambodian Interim DNA (2/2)
The Interim DNA’s structure:
National Climate Change
Committee
(under establishment)
Cambodian Interim DNA
Secretariat
Cambodian Climate
Change Office
Ad hoc Inter-ministerial
Working Group on Energy
UNFCCC & the Kyoto
Protocol Focal Point
Minister of
Environment
Ad hoc Inter-ministerial
Working Group on Forestry
GHG
Inventory
GHG
Mitigation
Vulnerability
& Adaptation
UNFCCC
Implementation
3. Status of DNA Establishment
MoE is working with the Energy and Forestry
Working Groups to establish a more
representative DNA, finalise its structure, SD
criteria, assessment process and operational
guidelines.
The permanent DNA will function under the
supervision of the National Climate Change
Committee, which will be established, hopefully,
by the end of this year by a sub-decree.
4. Proposed Cambodian DNA (1/4)
 Structure
Representatives of
MoE, MAFF, MIME, MoP,
CDC, MPWT
DNA Board
DNA Secretariat
(Climate Change Office)
Technical Inter-Ministerial
Working Groups (TWG)
Energy
TWG
Forestry
TWG
Others
(if necessary)
4. Proposed Cambodian DNA (2/4)
 DNA Board:
COMPOSITION: one representative (at least Under-Secretary of State
level) from concerned ministries/institutions.
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
 issues an official approval letter confirming voluntary participation
and project conformity with national sustainable development
objectives.
 facilitates project evaluation by the DNA Secretariat with public
institutions.
DECISION-MAKING AUTHORITY
 Approve/reject proposed CDM projects for Cambodia.
 Appoints members of the Technical Inter-ministerial Working
Groups.
 Withdraw its approval in case if the CDM project implementation
fails to comply with the commitments made in the PDD related to
sustainable development (?).
4. proposed Cambodian DNA (3/4)
 DNA Secretariat:
COMPOSITION: Climate Change Office
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
 Acts as national contact point for CDM activities in Cambodia.
 Receives and screens PDDs for completeness and coordinates working
group activities.
 Communicates directly with the DNA Board and collates relevant
information for the DNA Board to make an informed decision on proposed
CDM projects.
 Coordinates broad-based consultation of stakeholders.
DECISION-MAKING AUTHORITY
 Right to reject incomplete PDDs.
 Has no project approval authority: it cannot accept or reject PDDs based on
national sustainable development criteria/objectives.
 May hire or invite national and international technical experts for PDD
assessment as needs basis.
 Has the authority to request additional information from project proponents
and full access to the proposed project development site as needs basis.
 Has the authority to conduct public consultation with stakeholders and to
release or publicise project information submitted.
4. Proposed Cambodian DNA (4/4)
 Technical Working Groups (TWG):
TWO TWGs: Energy and Forestry TWGs. Other TWGs can be
established as necessary.
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES:
 Review PDDs against Sustainable Development Criteria.
 Prepare the Project Technical Assessment Report, including
technical and policy recommendations for the DNA Board.
The Project Technical Assessment Report is submitted to
the DNA Secretariat.
5. Sustainable Development Criteria
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Sustainable development has 4 aspects:
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Each aspect needs to be properly assessed for proposed CDM projects
Checklist approach: use a list of sustainable development indicators to
score projects:
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Economic development
Social development
Environmental sustainability
Technological development
Economic: GDP growth, jobs created...
Social: contribution to education, impact on healthcare...
Environment: impact on biodiversity, pollution emitted...
Technological: transfer of technology, capacity building...
The Cambodian SD criteria were developed based on:
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Existing national policies, plans, and regulation
SD development practices from other countries
WWF Gold Standard, Southsouthnorth
6. Assessment/Approval Process
Initial screening by
DNA Secretariat*
Phase I:
10 working days
Project Design Document (PDD)
Submission by project proponent
No
Rejection/
resubmit
Yes
Assessment
Report**
Rejection/
resubmit
No
Yes
Approval letter
Phase III: 15
working days
DNA
Board
decision
Timeframe
Public consultation
Phase II: 30 working days
In-depth assessment by
Technical Working Groups
7. Reality of CDM in Cambodia
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Very few local developers identifying and developing
projects – small pipeline!
Large scale projects face high risk; difficultly accessing
finance
Good environmental laws but weak enforcement
Small market compared to other countries; little
development of carbon services
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Unlikely to be able to produce large volume, low-cost CERs
Unlikely to attract international developers with little project
replicability
Yet, good opportunity for greenhouse gas reduction in
energy, waste, sequestration
Sound institutional Capacity for CDM – but poor
prospects for investment.
8. Potentials for Small Scale CDM Projects
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Small scale industry
Wetwaste Biogas-electricity eg piggeries; soy bean
factories
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Establish mini-grid for local supply (currently Government
plans to supply electricity to major provincial towns). Small
towns have no supply
Rice husk/woodwaste gasification
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Rice millers are small, locally owned. Very few large scale or cooperative milling
Improved brick kilns design/efficiency
Hotel energy efficiency improvement
Community/provincial town waste composting (aerobic
reduction)
Provincial town sewage treatment; methane capture
Forestry; Agro-forestry
Small scale farmers planting income generation crops
Community forestry regeneration of degraded land
Agro-forestry
9. CDM Project Pipeline
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Biocogen (PDD)
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Marubeni Rubber Plantation
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Methane capture and flaring or use for charcoal production
Reduce 858 kT CO2 equiv. over 10 years
NEDO solar PV hybrid projects
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Dissemination of 18,000 improved cookstoves saving emissions from
use less wood fuel
Avoid release of 67kT CO2e over 10 years
Biogas Project in the Landfill of Stung Menchey (PIN)
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Mondolkiri highlands, NE Cambodia
7,600 ha plantation sequestering 2.9 MTCO2 equiv. over 30 years
GERES CFSP Improved Cookstove
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Rice husk cogeneration project of 1.5 MW
Avoid release 320 kT CO2 equiv. over 7 years
109kw Solar PV-mini hydro project Kompong Cham
120kW Solar PV-biogas project Kompong Som
May not apply as CDM, very small projects
Over 20 mini and micro hydro projects
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Country hydropower potential is high.
QUESTIONS/COMMENTS?