Transcript Ms. Saliha Dobardzic,(GEF) - Asia Pacific Adaptation Network

Bangkok, June 2013
GEF AT A GLANCE
• Largest public funder of projects to improve the global
•
•
•
•
environment.
GEF provides grants for projects related to biodiversity, climate
change, international waters, land degradation, the ozone layer,
and persistent organic pollutants.
Provided $11.5 billion in grants and leveraging $57 billion in cofinancing for over 3,215 projects in over 165 developing countries
and countries in transition .
Through its Small Grants Program (SGP), the GEF has also made
more than 16,030 small grants directly to civil society and
community based organizations, totaling $653.2 million.
For more information, visit www.thegef.org.
Background on the GEF and Adaptation
GEF Assistance to
Address Adaptation
GEF Trust
Fund
GEF Trust Fund
Strategic Priority
on Adaptation
(SPA)
adaptation action
with GEBs
Total: $50M
*As of May 31, 2012
UNFCCC climate
change funds
Least Developed
Country Fund
(LDCF)
(implementation
of NAPAs)
NO GLOBAL
BENEFITS
Total: $534M
Special Climate
Change Fund
(SCCF)
Top priority to
Adaptation
NO GLOBAL
BENEFITS
Total: $241M
Secretariat services
for the AF provided
by GEF on an
interim basis.
Kyoto
Adaptation Fund
Adaptation Fund
(AF)
Adaptation in KP
developing I
parties
NO GLOBAL
BENEFITS
Estimate $80-300
million/year
LDCF and SCCF
Two Convention Funds on adaptation managed by the GEF
Why finance adaptation?
• Convention guidance
• GEF Trust Fund does not
support adaptation under
GEF-5
Purpose
• Bridge time between now and the launch of
the new financial architecture under the Climate
Convention
• Mobilize scaled up and predictable resources
4
Mandate & COP Guidance – LDCF
(Decisions 7/CP.7; 28/CP.7; 3/CP.11)
• LDCF established under UNFCCC at COP7 2001, managed
by the Global Environment Facility (GEF)
• Addresses the special needs of the Least Developed
Countries (LDCs)
• Priority: to finance the preparation and the
implementation of NAPAs
• NAPAs  identify “urgent and immediate needs”
 specific guidelines provided by the Least
Developed Countries Expert Group (LEG)
• LDCF operational guidelines developed consistent with
specific guidance COP11
5
Mandate & COP Guidance – SCCF
(Decisions 7/CP.7; 5/CP.9)
• SCCF established under UNFCCC at COP7 2001, managed
by the Global Environment Facility (GEF)
• 4 different windows, financing through 2 so far:
• Adaptation
• Transfer of technologies (for adaptation and
mitigation)
• Energy, transport, industry, agriculture, forestry,
and waste management
• Economic diversification
6
LDCF and SCCF: Main Features
LDCF and SCCF are Voluntary
Funds
LDCF supports the special needs
of the LDCs under the
Convention:
Preparation and implementation of
National Adaptation Programs of
Action (NAPAs)
• streamlined project cycle, sliding
scale
• equitable access
• ongoing dialogue and training
workshops with LDCs
SCCF finances two programs:
A. Adaptation
B.Technology Transfer
7
GEF AND RESILIENCE
GEF, through LDCF, SCCF and SPA :
• The most comprehensive and the most advanced
global portfolio of adaptation projects and programs
• More than 170 interventions in more than 110 countries.
LDCF
SCCF
SPA
Total
$748.1
$585.4
$328.1
$227.9
$50.0
NA
$1,126.3
$813.3
$193.8
$1,400.8
47
$50.0
$608.8
26
$746.7
$4,096.38
176
56
$235.1
$1,306.3
Pledges and Contributions
Total cumulative pledges
Total paid contributions
Project Approvals and CEO Endorsements
Total Grants Approved
Total Co-Financing Mobilized
Total Number of Projects
$502.9
$2,086.78
103
Project Currently Under Implementation
Number of Projects
26
17
13
Total Grants
$91.0
$75.7
$48.3
Total Co-Financing
$406.7
$520.4
$379.2
GEF Climate Change Adaptation Program
Goal: To finance concrete
adaptation actions that
increase resilience to
climate change of
vulnerable countries
9
LDCF and SCCF at a glance
Tangible adaptation measures in all key development sectors ,
from agriculture and water resources management to urban
infrastructure, public health and tourism.
LDCF funding by sector
SCCF funding by sector
4% 1% 1%
3% 3%
9%
30%
14%
17%
24%
Food and
Agriculture
Early Warning
system
Water
Resources
Coastal
Management
Disaster Risk
Management
Ecosystem
Management
Tourism
7%
3%
26%
9%
9%
24%
16%
Food and
Agriculture
Water
Resources
Coastal
Management
Disaster Risk
Management
Ecosystem
Management
Climate Risk
Financing
Tech Transfer
Early Warning
system
Status of Funds (March 31, 2013)
 LDCF:
 Total approvals: $481.7 million
 Total commitments: $205 million
 Disbursements to IAs: $132 million

($73 million)
 SCCF:
 Total approvals: $231 million
 Total commitments: $147 million
 Disbursements to IAs: $107 million

($40 million)
 Source: Status Reports of LDCF and SCCF, publicly available at:
http://www.thegef.org/gef/meetingdocs/96/50
Access to Resources – LDCF
• Eligibility – all LDCs
•
(14 East Asia-Pacific countries)
• Resources available per LDC:
Equitable Access  Balanced Access
• Ensuring funding for implementation will be
available to all LDCs
• No first-come, first-served
• Upwardly moving ceiling per LDC
•
Currently at US $20 million per country
12
Access to Resources – LDCF
13
Priorities – LDCF
• NAPA: Project/Program resources can be
accessed after NAPA has been submitted
• NAPA priorities guide eligibility of activities
proposed
14
LDCF: pledges and approvals
 Total cumulative pledges,
700
600

500

400
300

200
100

0
FY8
FY9 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
April 30, 2013:
USD 605.13 million
Total received
contributions:
USD 585.52 million
NAPA preparation:
USD 11.98 million;
50 LDCs
NAPA implementation:
USD 555.18 million;
112 projects;
46 LDCs;
USD 2.46 billion in
total, cumulative cofinancing
Access to Resources – SCCF
• Eligibility – all developing countries (i.e. non-
Annex I)
• Based on National Communications and other
relevant studies
• SCCF demand is much greater than supply of
funding
16
Convention Priorities – SCCF
• Funding projects in following areas:
(a) Water resources management;
(b) Land management;
(c) Agriculture;
(d) Health;
(e) Infrastructure development;
(f ) Fragile ecosystems (including mountain ecosystems);
and
(g) Integrated coastal zone management.
 monitoring of diseases and vectors affected by climate change, disease
control and prevention.
17
SCCF: pledges and approvals
300
 Total cumulative
250

200

150

100

50

0
FY8
FY9 FY10 FY11 FY12 FY13
pledges, April 30, 2013:
USD 258.86 million
Total received
contributions:
USD 239.98 million
SCCF Adaptation:
USD 193.28 million for
47 projects
SCCF Technology
Transfer:
USD 26.64 million for 6
projects
Total co-financing:
USD 1.51 billion
LDCF and SCCF at a glance
Tangible adaptation measures in all key development sectors ,
from agriculture and water resources management to urban
infrastructure, public health and tourism.
LDCF funding by sector
SCCF funding by sector
4% 1% 1%
3% 3%
9%
30%
14%
17%
24%
Food and
Agriculture
Early Warning
system
Water
Resources
Coastal
Management
Disaster Risk
Management
Ecosystem
Management
Tourism
7%
3%
26%
9%
9%
24%
16%
Food and
Agriculture
Water
Resources
Coastal
Management
Disaster Risk
Management
Ecosystem
Management
Climate Risk
Financing
Tech Transfer
Early Warning
system
LDCF: portfolio at a glance
 70% Sub-Saharan Africa,
30% Asia-Pacific
 USD 108 million (20%) to
LDC SIDS
 Agriculture (30%), water
(17%), coastal (17%),
climate information
services (16%)
 Focus on tangible
adaptation measures:
70% to reduce
vulnerability, transfer
CCA technology
LDCF: Expected results
Indicator
Value
Number of
projects
1,836,119
43
32,555
17
Number of national policies/ plans/
frameworks strengthened/ developed
53
21
Number of sub-national plans/
frameworks strengthened/ developed
222
22
Number of institutions strengthened
116
21
502,590
20
14
14
Number of direct beneficiaries
Number of people trained
Number of hectares under more
resilient management
Number of monitoring /climate
information systems established
SCCF: portfolio at a glance
 30% Asia-Pacific; 27%
Africa; 17% LAC; 14% ECA
 USD 19 million (8%) to
SIDS
 Water (27%), agriculture
(27%), coastal (15%),
climate information
services (8%)
 Focus on tangible
adaptation measures:
75% to reduce
vulnerability, transfer
CCA technology
SCCF: Expected results
Indicator
Value
Number of
projects
2,263,989
20
3,536
11
Number of national policies/ plans/
frameworks strengthened/ developed
53
7
Number of sub-national plans/
frameworks strengthened/ developed
84
8
Number of institutions strengthened
66
10
399,328
9
11
11
Number of direct beneficiaries
Number of people trained
Number of hectares under more
resilient management
Number of monitoring /climate
information systems established
Bhutan:
Reduce CC-induced Risks and Vulnerabilities from Glacial
Lake Outbursts in the Punakha-Wangdi and Chamkar Valleys
LDCF/GEF $3.64M
CC Vulnerabilities:
• Glacial lakes reaches critical threshold
as Himalayan glaciers melt  massive
flashfloods in river valleys
↓
Adaptation Actions:
• Increase disaster risk management
capacity in affected valleys
• Artificial lowering of water level in
glacial lakes
• Creation of an Early Warning System for
glacial flashfloods
↓
Outcomes:
• Decreased risk of massive destruction
from glacial flash floods
• Limitation of human and economic loss
if/when catastrophic flash floods occur
24
Congo DR:
Building the Capacity of the Agriculture Sector in DR Congo to
Plan for and Respond to the Additional Threats Posed by
Climate Change on Food Production
LDCF/GEF amount:: $3 M
CC Vulnerabilities:
•
Increasing temperatures and shorter more erratic rainy seasons
 Significant impact on primarily rain fed subsistence
agriculture.
↓
Adaptation Actions:
•
Pilot measures implemented locally, including:
– Diffusion of more drought tolerant varieties of maize,
cassava and rice.
– Demonstration of alternative and diversified climate
resilient livelihood options (e.g. non timber forest
products and fish farming)
– Updating crop calendars and providing training to farmers
on more climate resilient crop and soil management
options (e.g. water conservation measures)
– Creation of a drought early warning system and protocols
for diffusion of climate information to farmers.
– Training of provincial technical staff in relevant ministries
on the integration of climate risks in the development of
decentralized agricultural plans.
Outcomes: ↓
•
Increased food security and sustainable agricultural
development
25
Maldives: Integration of Climate Change Risks
into the Maldives Safer Island Development
Program
LDCF/GEF amount:: $4.49 M
CC Vulnerabilities:
•
More than 85% of country less than 1.5 m. above sea level +
more than 70 percent of critical infrastructure within 100 m of
shoreline  extremely vulnerable to sea level rise and
increased cyclonic activity.
↓
Adaptation Actions:
•
Pilot measures implemented locally, including:
– Development of climate resilient land use plans (e.g.
reevaluate appropriateness of environmental protection
zones and new infrastructure development),
– Update drainage systems,
– Restoration of natural ridge systems providing coastal
protection
•
Training of key specialists dealing with land use planning,
coastal zone management, coastal infrastructure
development and land reclamation and assuring that climate
change concerns is considered in key national policies
governing such activities
↓
Outcomes:
•
Reduced impact of sea level rise on critical infrastructure and
sustainable development
26
What exactly do LDCF/SCCF
finance?
• Additional Cost = Full Cost of Adaptation
• Adaptation in context of development
• Cofinancing = Baseline Project = BAU
Development
27
What exactly do LDCF/SCCF
finance?
• Additional Cost = Full Cost of Adaptation
• Adaptation in context of development
• Cofinancing = Baseline Project = BAU
Development
28
Key Concepts
 Additional Cost - Definition: the costs imposed on vulnerable
countries to meet their immediate adaptation needs (Decision
3/CP.11)
The additional cost approach includes:
 A baseline scenario => what development activities would be
undertaken also in absence of cc (baseline costs)
 An adaptation scenario => which includes additional activities to be
implemented to address the adverse impacts of climate change in
the vulnerable sector selected for the project (baseline costs +
additional costs)
 The LDCF will finance only the additional costs imposed on
vulnerable LDC countries to meet their (urgent and immediate)
adaptation needs, as identified by their NAPAs.
29
SEA Projects – LDCF & SCCF (1/2)
GEF
ID
Agency
Country
Project Title
Project Status
Total Grant
Amount
1869
UNDP
Cambodia
Programme of Action for Adaptation to Climate
Change
Project Closure
2148
UNDP
Lao PDR
Lao PDR National Adaptation Program of
Action for Climate Change
3464
UNDP
Timor
Leste
3702
UNEP
3404
CoFinancing
Total Project
Cost
Trust
Fund
221,445
221,445
LDCF
Project Closure
222,000
222,000
LDCF
National Adaptation Programme of Action to
Climate Change (NAPA) Formulation Project
Project Closure
220,000
20,000
240,000
LDCF
Myanmar
Myanmar: Preparation of National Adaptation
Programmes of Action (NAPA)
IA Approved
220,000
30,000
250,000
LDCF
UNDP
Cambodia
Under
Implementation
2,145,000
2,340,350
4,485,350
LDCF
3890
UNEP
Cambodia
Promoting Climate-Resilient Water
Management and Agricultural Practices in Rural
Cambodia
Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation
Programme for Climate Change within the
Coastal Zone of Cambodia Considering
Livelihood Improvement and Ecosystems
Under
Implementation
1,853,500
4,245,000
6,098,500
LDCF
4034
UNDP
Lao PDR
Improving the Resilience of the Agriculture
Sector in Lao PDR to Climate Change Impacts
Under
Implementation
4,999,995
7,818,548
12,818,543
LDCF
4434
FAO
Cambodia
Strengthening the adaptive capacity and
resilience of rural communities using micro
watershed approaches to climate change and
variability to attain sustainable food security
Council Approved
5,607,800
18,805,395
24,413,195
LDCF
4554
UNDP
Lao PDR
Effective Governance for small-scale rural
infrastructure and disaster preparedness in a
changing climate
CEO Endorsed
5,302,000
31,134,396
36,436,396
LDCF
4696
UNDP
Timor
Leste
Strengthening the Resilience of Small Scale
Rural Infrastructure and Local Government
Systems to Climatic Variability a nd Risk
Council Approved
5,192,000
52,510,399
57,702,399
LDCF
30
SEA Projects – LDCF & SCCF (2/2)
GEF
ID
Agency
Country
Project Title
Project Status
Total Grant
Amount
CoFinancing
Total Project
Cost
Trust
Fund
5056
UNDP
Timor Leste
Strengthening Community Resilience to Climate
Induced Natural Disasters in the Dili to Ainaro
Road Development Corridor, Timor Leste
Council Approved
5,880,150
79,016,780
84,896,930
LDCF
5318
UNDP
Cambodia
Strengthening climate information and early
warning systems in Cambodia to support climate
resilient development and adaptation to climate
change
Council Approved
5,541,012
16,672,931
22,213,943
LDCF
5419
UNDP
Cambodia
Strengthening the resilience of Cambodian rural
livelihoods and sub-national government system
to climate risks and variability
Recommended
5,151,413
14,347,850
19,499,263
LDCF
3103
ADB,
UNDP
Vietnam
Promoting Climate Resilient Infrastructure in
Northern Mountain Provinces of Vietnam
CEO Endorsed
3,850,000
145,270,000
149,120,000
SCCF-A
3243
World
Bank
Philippines
Philippine Climate Change Adaptation Project
Under Implementation
5,782,700
50,580,000
56,362,700
SCCF-A
3299
UNDP
Thailand
Strengthening the Capacity of Vulnerable Coastal
Communities to address the Risk of Climate
Change and Extreme Weather Events
Under Implementation
1,000,000
2,744,772
3,744,772
SCCF-A
4340
UNDP
Indonesia
Strategic Planning and Action to Strengthen
climate Resilience of rural Communities in Nusa
Tenggara Timor province (SPARC)
CEO Endorsed
5,599,000
74,764,690
80,363,690
SCCF-A
4967
UNDP
Philippines
Scaling up Risk Transfer Mechanisms for Climate
Vulnerable Farming Communities in Southern
Philippines
Council Approved
1,210,000
9,408,325
10,618,325
SCCF-A
31
What is the Process for Funding?
 Role of Country: Operational Focal Point
 Role of Implementing Agency
 Choice of Financing Modality
 GEF Agencies are responsible for p
 Project Cycle
Operational Focal Points (OFP)
 OFPs endorse project
proposals, confirming that
these are consistent with
national plans and priorities
 In order to be reviewed by
GEFSEC, a signed Letter of
Endorsement from the OFP
should be attached to each
project proposal
 OFPs facilitate national
consultations, execution, as
well as the coordination of
LDCF/SCCF projects and
programs
 OFPs support M&E and
knowledge sharing at the
national level
GEF Agencies
 10 Multilateral Agencies
 GEF Agencies are responsible for
preparing and submitting project
proposals for review and approval
by GEFSEC and the LDCF/SCCF
Council – as driven and endorsed
by the recipient country, and in
collaboration with CSOs and other
stakeholders
 Once a project proposal is
approved, the Implementing
Agency (IA) is responsible for its
preparation, implementation,
M&E, and performance
 IA is responsible for submitting
annual Project Implementation
Reports (PIR), Mid-Term Reviews
(MTR) and Terminal Evaluations
(TE) to GEFSEC
Financing modalities
 Full-sized projects (FSP) – requesting financing above $2 million.
Approved by the LDCF/SCCF Council
 Medium-sized projects (MSP) – requesting financing up to $2
million. Approved by the GEF CEO through a single step or two steps
 Programmatic Approach (PA) – a program of projects with
common objectives, aiming to achieve economies of scale and
sustainability, improved horizontal and vertical integration, and
greater opportunities to leverage partnerships and co-financing.
Delegation of project approvals to eligible Agencies, such as the
MDBs
 Enabling Activities (EA) – NAPA preparation under the LDCF.
Approved by the GEF CEO through single-step procedure. Direct
access an option for EAs in GEF-5
Project cycle for FSPs:
identification

The country in collaboration with the IA and other relevant
stakeholders drives the development of the project

. The IA develops and submits a Project Identification
Form (PIF) to GEFSEC. A Project Preparation Grant (PPG)
may also be requested at this stage.

GEFSEC reviews the PIF within 10 business days. Once
recommended by the Program Manager (PM) and cleared by
the GEF CEO, the PIF is web-posted for review and approval
by the LDCF/SCCF Council (in the case of the LDCF) or
included in a Work Program for Council Approval (in the
case of the SCCF)

If a PPG request has been approved, PPG is released upon
Council Approval
Project cycle for FSPs: preparation
 Project preparation to be completed in a timely manner –
no later than 18 months after Council Approval of PIF.
Request for CEO Endorsement (CER) submitted to
GEFSEC
 GEFSEC Reviews CER. Once recommended by PM and
endorsed by GEF CEO, the project is ready for
implementation
 CER may be circulated for review by the LDCF/SCCF
Council if (i) this has been requested at PIF Approval, or
(ii) major changes to the project scope, approach or
financing have been made
PIF: key considerations
 Eligibility: is the country eligible for financing under the
LDCF/SCCF?
 Country-drivenness: is the proposal endorsed by the
OFP, consistent with national plans and priorities (NAPA,
National Communications, PRSP, etc.)?
 Baseline project(s) and co-financing: are the baseline
project(s) and the problem(s) they seek to address clearly
described?
 Additional cost reasoning: are the activities proposed
for LDCF/SCCF financing based on additional cost
reasoning?
Project cycle for MSPs
TWO STEPS
 If a PPG is requested, PIF approval is required. MSP
PIFs are approved by the GEF CEO. Project
preparation completed and Request for CEO
Approval (CAR) to be submitted no later than 12
months after approval of PIF.
ONE STEP
 If no PPG is required, CAR may be submitted directly
for review and approval by GEFSEC and GEF CEO
Programmatic Approaches
 PAs submitted by Qualified GEF Agencies (QGA):
 Program Framework Document (PFD) submitted for
GEFSEC review and CEO clearance. Posted for review and
approval by the LDCF/SCCF Council (in the case of the
LDCF) or included in a Work Program for Council Approval
(in the case of the SCCF)
 Once PFD is approved, QGA approves the project concepts
that form part of the program following its own internal
procedures
 Upon preparation, CARs/CERs are submitted to GEFSEC for
CEO endorsement (FSPs) or approval (MSPs) (no later than
18 months after Council Approval of PFD)
CER/CAR: key considerations
 Alignment with PIF: is the proposal sufficiently close to




what was approved at PIF? Does it clarify and elaborate on
the PIF, as requested by GEFSEC and the LDCF/SCCF
Council?
Cost-effectiveness: has the cost-effectiveness been
adequately demonstrated?
Sustainability and risk analysis: does the proposal
clearly articulate how sustainability will be ensured, and
relevant risks mitigated?
Co-financing: has the co-financing been confirmed?
M&E, tracking: does the proposal include a budgeted
M&E plan? Has the Adaptation Monitoring and
Assessment Tool (AMAT) been attached to the
submission, with information for relevant indicators?
PFD: key considerations
 In addition to the elements to be considered in a PIF, PFDs
should provide adequate information of the following:
 Added value of PA: does the program present
opportunities to address the enabling environment, local
investments and cross-cutting elements in a more
comprehensive way than is currently possible through
individual projects? What are the economies of scale?
 Partnerships: does the PFD identify relevant partners?
How will they contribute to the objectives of the program?
 Knowledge management: how will best practices and
lessons be shared among partners/countries/projects
within the program and beyond?
Future Directions
• Mainstreaming
•
•
•
•
•
adaptation across core
development sectors
Preparing the ground for
long-term adaptation
Expanding synergies
with other GEF focal areas
Enhanced private sector
engagement
Risk transfer and insurance
Ecosystem-based
adaptation
43
Further Resources
 LDCF:
http://www.thegef.org/gef/sites/thegef.org/files/publication
/23469_LDCF.pdf
 SCCF:
http://www.thegef.org/gef/sites/thegef.org/files/publication
/23470_SCCF.pdf
These publications will be updated and reissued in 2013
Bangkok, June 2013