Transcript PPT

Effects of Climate Change on
Ecosystems and Natural Resources of
the Yukon River Basin
Yukon River:
• Entirely above 60
degrees N
• Freshwater source
for Bering Sea and
Arctic Ocean
•Potential large
source of carbon to
the coastal ocean
Integration of DOI
Monitoring,
Assessment, and
Management
Yukon Basin:
5 National Parks/
NRAs (Vital Signs)
8 Wildlife Refuges
3 Large military land
holdings (CRREL)
Carbon, Water, and Energy Budgets using a
watershed as a common frame of reference
Glacial runoff (PIC)
Surface runoff
(DOC, DIC, POC, PIC)
CO2
Bank erosion (POC, PIC, DOC, DIC)
Photosynthesis
CO2, CH4
Decomposition
CO2, CH4
CO2
DOC, DIC
CO2
+ CaCO3
Photosynthesis
Soil water
(DOC, DIC)
PERMAFROST
Groundwater (DOC, DIC)
Decomposition
of POC, DOC
Sedimentation &
Resuspension
2 HCO3-
Multi-component –Multi scale Observations
Within a Common Frame of Reference
Roofed plots
Tier 1: Research
Installations
USGS and UAF Research on the
effects of wetter/dryer/warmer
conditions on C flux
Manipulated water table in wetlands
Hydrologic Data Collection- USGS/Canada
Fixed Station Network
Intensive Sampling
Yukon R. at Eagle
Porcupine R.
Yukon R. near Stevens Village
June & Aug-Sept., 2002
June & Aug-Sept., 2003
Tanana R.
Yukon R. at Pilot Station
LTER
NOAA-IPY
USGS
Stevens
Village
Fort Yukon
Eagle
Pilot Station
Major Drainage Basins
Upper Yukon R. & Headwaters
Porcupine R.
Tanana R.
East Central Yukon R.
Koyukuk R. & West, Lower Yukon R.
Whitehorse
Research Watersheds (Tier 1) and Fixed river stations (Tier 2)
Tier 1,2: Active-Layer Monitoring
Stations
Wind Speed
and Direction
Air Temperature
Each AL Station Monitors
the Following Climate
Parameters:
Terrestrial
Snow Depth
Shortwave
Radiation
• soil temperatures (5-120 cm)
• soil moisture
• active-layer depth & duration
• snow depth & duration
• albedo
Permafrost
Temperatures
5-120 cm
Solar Panel
Atmospheric
• air temperature
• wind speed & direction
• cloudiness
Estimated Costs Per Site
•Equipment and installation: 20K
Soil Moisture @ 15cm
Datalogger
And Power
•Operation per year: 5K
sample rate = 30 sec
FIA Plot (hypothetical)
USGS Gage (also hypoth).
Riparian Study
Research
Area
Tier 3: The
Watershed as a
landscape frame
of reference
•Forest/landscape and
hydrologic data collected
intensively within each
study watershed.
•Survey data (FIA plot grid)
for linking to broader
watershed or region.
•Models linking datasets
for basin-wide water,
energy, and carbon
budgets.
Detecting surface water change through remote sensing
Yukon Basin:
853,300 km2
~ 3.02% water
~ 1.08% river water
~ 0.52% Yukon River
B. Wylie & B. Jones
Decision Support Systems
CommunityViz
USGS
National Integrated Network (GC-IMS)
Science Priorities for the DOI Task Force
• Development of a DOI integrated
science and monitoring plan
• Integration of existing monitoring
networks
• Downscaling of models
GC-IMS
• An adaptive management approach
with USGS science and DOI resource
Bureaus
• Building decision-making
capabilities centered on a robust
Global Change Information
Management System (GC-IMS)
• Improving integration and access to
USGS and other DOI Bureau data
sets crucial to climate change
science and resource management
Yukon-North Slope
Regional Integrated
Monitoring Systems (RIMS)
The Vision – A National Climate Effects
Network
•
A truly integrated National climate effect monitoring
network capable at a range of temporal and spatial scales
•
A scientific team focused on early detection and scientific
analysis in support of adaptation or mitigation strategies
•
An information dissemination and decision support
system for cost effective, scientifically rigorous
management and policy decisions
•
The capacity for the next generation to protect and
sustain our National trust resources through early
detection of change