Transcript Energy, Power, and Climate Change

Energy,
and Climate
FYI: Fuels
are indirectPower,
sources of energy
- they must beChange
"burned" to
produce useable
energy.
8.2
World Energy Sources
Non-fuels
are all
directof
sources
of energy -energy
they can sources
be used into
FYI:
We can
divide
the world's
immediately
as useable
energy. and non-sun-derived.
two
groups:
sun-derived,
FYI: The energy from both fuels and non-fuels is usually converted (via
S
OURCE
1:stages)
SUN-DERIVED
one
or more
into the final form of energy (for instance, electricity).
Don't
The forget
following
hierarchy
energy
sources
shows
how
that each
conversionof
entails
a certain
percentage
of the
the
sunenergy
is the
sourcediagrams.
of much of our energy:
original
lost. ultimate
Recall the Sankey
Sun-Derived Energy Sources
Fuels
Non-fuels
Coal
Solar Energy
Oil
Hydroelectric
Gas
Wind
Wood
Wave
Biomass
Photovoltaic
Energy,
Power,
and Climate
Change
FYI: Chemical
fuels that
are non-sun-derived
include rocket
fuel and
oxidizer, MRE heating
other chemically-activated
8.2 packets,
Worldand
Energy
Sources heating
units (for example, first aid cooling packs).
We can divide all of the world's energy sources into
FYI: groups:
Chemical non-fuels
that are non-sun-derived
include fuel cells, where
two
sun-derived,
and non-sun-derived.
hydrogen and oxygen are combined to produce electricity directly.
SOURCE 2: NON-SUN-DERIVED
There are not many energy sources that do not come in
some way from the sun's radiant energy.
Non-Sun-Derived Energy Sources
Fuels
Non-fuels
Hydrogen
Tidal
Uranium
Geothermal
Chemical
Chemical
Energy,
Power,
and reactors
Climate
Change
FYI: We
have been working
on FUSION
for years,
but have still not
perfected them 8.2
to the point
of being
able to useSources
them on a commercial basis.
World
Energy
workingcomes
FISSION
reactors
for years,
and
FYI:
MostWe
ofhave
ourhad
energy
from
fuels.
Here
ishave
thethousands
of them currently
on commercial
lines.
energy
yield of
various fuels:
Fuel
Fuel Type
Energy Density (MJ/kg)
Protons
Nuclear
300,000,000
Uranium-235
Nuclear
90,000,000
Petrol
Fossil
46.9
Diesel
Fossil
45.8
Biodiesel
Fossil
42.2
Crude Oil
Fossil
41.9
Coal
Fossil
32.5
Sugar
Fossil
17.0
Wood
Fossil
17.0
Cow Dung
Fossil
15.5
Household Waste
Fossil
10.0
Energy, Power, and Climate Change
8.2 World Energy Sources
1.0
0.0
SOURCE OF ENERGY
ALL OTHERS - 1%
2.0
NUCLEAR - 6%
3.0
COAL - 26%
4.0
OIL - 38%
POWER 1012 watts
5.0
GAS - 23%
THE FOSSIL FUELS
87%
HYDROELECTRIC - 6%
WORLDWIDE CONSUMPTION OF ENERGY
6.0
0.02
0.00
SOURCE OF ENERGY
WIND
- 27%
0.04
BIOFUELS
- 12%
0.06
GEOTHERMAL
- 17%
0.08
SOLAR - 44%
POWER 1012 watts
0.10
ALL OTHERS
NUCLEAR
HYDROELECTRIC
COAL
GAS
OIL
FYI: Don't forget, these energy sources
are partEnergy,
of the "all others
- 1%" from
the Climate Change
Power,
and
previous slide. There is obviously room
World
Energy
Sources
for contribution 8.2
from the
renewables,
but
the
question remains
- how significant
R
ENEWABLE
SOURCES
OF ENERGY (PERCENTS)
can these ever become in the grand
The buzzword among the greenies is renewable sources
energy
picture?
of
energy
- which are inexhaustible sources of energy.
Energy, Power, and Climate Change
8.2 World Energy Sources
WORLDWIDE SOURCES OF ELECTRICITY (PERCENTS)
Electricity is such a convenient energy form (for both
usage and transportation), we should also look at the
worldwide sources of electrical energy:
16
2
39
17
7
19
COAL FOSSIL
FUELS
GAS
65%
OIL
NUCLEAR
HYDROELECTRIC
OTHER