Transcript 2.3: EUKARYOTIC CELLS

The Raft is a short story by Stephen King. In the story a couple of boys skip
school to go fishing in the upper state of Maine. While they are on the lake
they come in contact with a giant amoeba, that eventually eats them. How
can you explain scientifically that this story is fiction?
2.3: EUKARYOTIC CELLS
Assessment Statements
• Draw and label a diagram of the ultrastructure of a liver cell as an
example of an animal cell
• Annotate the diagram with the functions of each named structure.
• Identify named structures in an electron micrograph of liver cells.
• Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
• State three differences between plant and animal cells.
• Outline two roles of extracellular components.
Eukaryotic Cells
Eukaryotic organisms have cells that contain a nucleus. Animals,
plants and fungi all are eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic cells contain structures called organelles, each of
which has its own specific function.
Organelles enable a cell to carry out various chemical reactions
or processes in different parts of the cell.
Http://prezi.com/nk1brgors7mu/prokaryotic-cell-structures/
2.3.1, 2.3.2: Liver cell
Refresher
What organelle is the energy provider for the eukaryotic cell?
What is the function of pili in prokaryotic cells?
What organelle is this?
.
2.3.3: Electron micrograph of liver
cell (rat)
Glycogen
2.3.4: Prokaryotic VS Eukaryotic cell
FEATURE
Prokaryotic cell
Eukaryotic cell
DNA
Naked DNA
DNA associated with
proteins
Ribosomes
70s
80s
DNA
DNA inside the
cytoplasm
DNA enclosed by a
membrane
Mitochondria
no
yes
Internal membranes
no
yes
2.3.5: Plant VS Animal cell
1.
Plant cells have large vacuoles and animal cells do not have
large vacuoles.
2.
Plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells do not have a cell
wall.
3.
Plant cells (may) have chloroplasts and animals do not have
chloroplasts.
4.
Plant cells store excess glucose as starch and animal cells store
excess glucose as glycogen.
Plant vs. Animal
Animal Cells
Plant Cells
Cell wall absent
Cell wall present
Small vacuoles sometimes present
Large vacuole present
No chloroplasts
Chloroplasts
Cholesterol in membrane
No cholesterol in membrane
Stores Glycogen
Stores starch
2.3.6: Extracellular
components
 The plant cell wall
maintains cell shape,
prevents excessive water
uptake, and hold the
whole plant up against the
force of gravity.
 Animal cells secrete
glycoproteins that form
the extracellular matrix.
This functions in support,
adhesion and movement.
Glycoproteins