Transcript Angel Perez Sainz, EC

The European Climate
Change Programme
ECCP II
The role of Technology
in Climate Change Policy
Stakeholders Meeting 24 Oct 2005
Angel Perez Sainz
Head of Unit
Energy Production and Distribution Systems
DG Research
European Commission
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 1
OUTLINE
 Where are we ? Where do we want to go ?
 A huge potential for technology
 Actions underway: Is there sufficient
awareness, consistency ?
 Avenues for the future : The role of ECCP
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 2
CLIMATE CHANGE - POST 2012
Communication from the EC (February 2005) :
“Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change”
Challenges : More drastic GHG reductions will be needed
max. 2°C increase, max. 450 ppmv,- 50 / 60% by 2050
 Participation Challenge: Include all major emitters
 share of EU-25 in world GHG emissions will decline to <10%
 share of developing countries will expand to >50%
 Innovation Challenge
 Pulling technological change: Stimulate markets to promote
adoption of new technology
 Pushing technological change: Invest in knowledge economy
to give EU a competitive edge in a low carbon future
 Adaptation Challenge
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 3
CLIMATE CHANGE - POST 2012
Communication from the EC (February 2005) :
Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change”
Conclusions
 The inclusion of more policy areas:
 widen scope of international action to cover all greenhouse gases and
all sectors.
 Enhanced innovation to transform energy and transport systems
 optimal mix of technology ‘push’ (RTD) and ‘pull’ (Market Stimulation)
instruments
 The continued use of market based and flexible instruments
 The inclusion of adaptation policies
 More resources need to be allocated in the EU to adapt effectively to
climate change
 The broadening of participation
 Specific projects/ programmes with major emitting nations to improve
energy efficiency or to promote development and adoption of lowcarbon technologies
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 4
CLIMATE CHANGE - POST 2012
Communication from the EC (February 2005) :
“Winning the Battle Against Global Climate Change”
EC recommendations for a post-2012 EU Climate Change
Strategy: NEXT STEPS
 Immediate and effective implementation of agreed policies
Kyoto Protocol, ETAP, Energy Efficiency Initiative.
 Increased public awareness
 More and better focused research
increased EU funding under the 7th Framework Programme
 Stronger co-operation with third countries
technology transfer, scientific R&D cooperation
 European Climate Change Programme in 2005
 energy efficiency,
 RES,
 the transport sector
 carbon capture and storage.
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 5
Some issues and facts

The Energy system is complex

Debate by policy drivers, climate change, but also security of
supply, growth and competitiveness

Greenhouse gases and the energy system

Sectoral approaches useful, but need to address the whole
energy system

Interaction between sources, carriers, and conversion must
also be reflected in RTD programmes

Energy efficiency and energy savings : Energy policy and
Technology policy
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 6
Development vs.
Deployment
Status of
development
Example of
technologies
Type of actions
needed
Future promising technology
Termonuclear fusion
RTD
New energy technology
Hydrogen
Fuel cells
New generation PV systems
Virtual PP concepts
CCS
RTD: cost, safety, reliability,
performance
Preparation of regulatory and
market frameworks
Existing but not fully deployed
commercially
New nuclear / Most RES (PV,
solar, biomass, ocean …)
Microgrids
Some fuel cells
Biofuels
Policy measures
RTD (decrease costs)
Established technology
Fossil fuels
Gas turbines
Internal combustion energies
Some RES (e.g. hydro, wind,
geothermal)
RTD focussed on improving
efficiency (mainly private effort)
Policy measures to stimulate
efficiency/savings
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 7
Technology Development
vs. Deployment
 Factors to consider :
 Technology push vs. Market pull
 Competition factors : level playing field
 Internalisation of external costs
 High cost, long life of energy infrastructures
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 8
Introduction to the Wedges
Ref. R. Socolow-Princeton University
The Stabilization Triangle
14
Billions of tons of
carbon per year
Stabilization triangle
Interim goal
7
Flat path
Tougher targets
1.9
year
0
1955
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
2005
2055
Slide n° 9
Wedges
Cutting the Stabilization Triangle in Wedges
One wedge is 7*50/2 = 175 GtC
7 * 1 GtC
Flat path
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
50 years
Slide n° 10
A huge potential for technology
(… but obstacles are also huge)
Energy technology developed in the Framework
programmes is all climate friendly
FP6 : 205 M€ / year
Short term
Large scale
deployment of
renewables
Integration: RES +
Efficiency (Building,
Eco, Polygeneration)
Alternative fuels
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
FP7 : 418 M€ / year
Long term
Fuel cells
Carriers, H2 &
Electricity
Renewables
CO2 C+S
Hydrogen and Fuel cells
Renewable electricity generation
Renewable fuel production
Renewable for heating and cooling
CO2 capture and storage technologies for
zero emission power generation
Clean coal technologies
Smart energy networks
Energy savings and energy efficiency
Knowledge for energy policy making
Slide n° 11
A great variety of
initiatives underway
 Both at the European and International level
 RTD Framework programmes and
Competitiveness and Innovation Programme
(CIP)
 The United Nations Development Programme
– Energy for sustainable development
 A number of initiatives for facilitating
financing and investment in low carbon
technologies
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 12
A great variety of
initiatives underway
 Need for awareness and coordination
 Need for a more coherent strategy on
technology policy for climate change
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 13
“Winning the battle”
Next steps
 Recognise the role of technology
 Identify the interactions between policy measures,
particularly those where technology has a central
role
 A Climate change Technology Strategy and Policy
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 14
Role of ECCP
 Establish a working group (including
public and private stakeholders) to
 Discuss and clarify issues and
 Review and analyse initiatives underway
 Assess « strategies » in relevant major
partners
 Recommend a way forward to the EC/EU
ECCP II Stakeholder meeting Oct 2005
Slide n° 15