Transcript lafarge mr.pierre

28/08/13
Environmental Cement Africa
2013 Nairobi Kenya
Waste Management in Sub Saharan Africa
20 / 08 / 13 was Earth Overshoot Day: Humanity
had exhausted nature’s budget for the year, exceeding
the biosphere's supply, or the regenerative capacity
2012 Earth Overshoot Day was the 22 / 08 / 13
Every country will have to review its management of
the energy / raw material equilibrium.
Importations
Minerals
Fossil Fuels
Metals
Biomass
Exportations
Input
domestic
Raw material
+ recycled
& recovered
materials
Domestic
consumed
materials
+ recycled
& recovered
materials
Unused
domestic
materials
Domestic
extraction
Emissions
Stored
Materials
(ex: Buildings)
WASTE
Recycled and recovered waste
Elimination Elimination
Landfills Incinerators
Lafarge | Presentation name or chapter | Confidential
Date |
3
THE OTHER GREAT CONCERN AFFECTING WASTE
MANAGEMENT POLICY IS CLIMATE CHANGE
In a 2°C world, sea-level rise is
projected to be less than 70 cm
(yellow
over oceans) and the likelihood
that a summer month’s heat is
unprecedented is less
than 30 percent (blue/purple
colors over land)
In a 4°C world, sea-level rise is
projected to be more than 100
cm (orange
over oceans) and the likelihood
that a summer month’s heat is
unprecedented is greater
than 60 percent (orange/red
colors over land)
Source : World Bank “Turn down the heat”
HOW THE CEMENT SECTOR CAN CONTRIBUTE TO THE
CLIMATE CHANGE FIGHT (CO2 MANAEMENT)
WASTE
Process mastery
Addition ratio
MANAGEMENT
Algaes
Combustion
AF
Enhanced
clinkers
CEMENT
PROCESS
Life Cycle
Life Cycle
Insulation
CONCRETE
BUILDING
Global
Formulation:
Combination
ARM
New Clinkers
BC$AF
CCS
Raw Mix
Wind Farm
CDM
Geothermal
Technological
improvement
Additions
of Materials
Admixtures
WHR
Granular
optimization
Quality assurance
March 10
5
FOREST MANAGEMENT, for instance, impacts both
Resources Optimization, and Climate change
BECAUSE OF ITS HUGE POPULATION AND ECONOMICAL
DEVELOPMENT, AFRICA HAS TO IMPLEMENT A SUSTAINABLE
WASTE MANAGEMENT MASTER PLAN

All the economical actors will produce more and more waste:
 Municipalities: Municipal waste, Water treatment sewage sludge
 Energy sector: Oil & Gas (exploration, pipelines, refineries, Marpol,…)
 Industrial sector : Non toxic environment (agro industries, distribution,…)
Toxic : Chemical, Pharmaceutical, …)
 Agro Forestry: CO2 impact ( deforestation, illegal burning,…)

The challenge for Waste Management will be to optimize environmental
protection, social development and economical development. This issue will
be part of the parameters that will make the differences between “winning”
and “losing” countries in the international competition.
Energy Recovery (Waste to Energy) will part of the solutions to be developed,
but Waste to Energy solutions (specific incineration, methanization,…) will
be inappropriate or too expensive for emerging countries
Prevention (no waste)
Re-use
Recycle
Energy & biomass
recovery
Elimination
-Change of ours consumption modes
-Promotion of efficient productions
- Correction of prices and
reorientation of the fiscal load.
-Transform waste into resources
- Funding of the necessary waste
treatment capacities
Lafarge wants to participate to that effort, putting at the disposal of the local
administrations, the recovery potential of its kilns through Responsible
Environmental and social projects.
WASTE MANAGEMENT IS LINKED WITH SOCIAL,
ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMICAL DEVELOPMENT


The cost of “No Treatment” is not acceptable:
-
Illegal burning of organic waste create serious emissions problems
-
Illegal landfill create water contamination and methane emissions
-
The cost of rehabilitation will be unsustainable for future generation
-
The no integration of waste management cost in the value o goods and services
create false value.
On the opposite, the progressive creation of a waste management sector
allows:
-
The integration of the informal sector
-
The creation of entrepreneurial companies creating job and value (logistics,
recycling, waste management,….)
-
Raw material and Energy savings
-
Support to the export sector ( no export without positive environmental footprint)
WHICH PARAMETERS ARE NEEDED TO SUCCEED IN THE CREATION
OF A SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT MASTERPLAN

A strong environmental ministry able to implement the environment legislation
( budget, trained personal, good coordination with other ministries: Energy,
Industry, Finances,.. ) “NO POLICE, NO MARKET”

The implementation of waste traceability from “cradle to grave”, “NO
RECORDS, NO POLICY”

The implementation of sustainable waste treatment facilities, “ NO
TREATMENT, NO PRESSURE”

The progressive optimization of environmental, social and economical
solution. To go too rapidly will create informal sector integration issues and
possible negative stakeholders reactions, while economical mistakes can be
made with too expensive investments or wrong choice of the needed
technologies,…)

The progressive implementation of the “POLLUTER PAYS” principle.
Economical actors have to start accepting that waste are not “a gold mine”,
but a cost they will have to pay. Financial incentives are needed in the first
step; but should not motivate us to forget the implementation of the principle.
The cement sector is well positioned to develop
industrial ecology synergies
Household
Garbage
Municipalities
Sewage
plant
Waste water
Pre-treatment
Sludge
Quarries and
Landfills
Electricity
Drying – Heating
Electricity
Power plant
Waste heat
Pre-treatment
Fly Ashes
Slag
Electricity
non
recyclable
Biogas
Cement Plant
Gypsum
Aggregate
Construction
Demolition
Blast
Furnace
Pre-treatment
industry
Industrial &
commercial waste
Pre-treatment
Wood
Plastic
THE COMPLEMENTARITY BETWEEN LANDFILL AND CEMENT
RECOVERY OPTIMIZES THE ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY
AT THE LOWEST COST
MINERAL
CONTAMINANTS
0%
WATERS
ORGANIC
CONTAMINANTS
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL
BIOLOGIC
WASTE
WATERS
0%
SLUDGES
SLUDGES
100%
SOLIDS
STABILISATIO
N
LANDFILL
CEMENT
RECOVERY
SOLIDS
100%
12
THE CEMENT PROCESS OFFERS STRONG
INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY OPPORTUNITIES
Raw mix preparation
Alternative raw materials


Chemical flexibility of the
raw mix
Up to 70 waste streams
and 350 Kg/ton of clinker
Burning
Alternative Fuels



Very high temperature
Long residence time
Gas cleaning inherent
to the process
Cement grinding
Additives




FGD
Fly ashes
Blast furnace slag
Silica fumes
A very broad range of waste
Petroleum
refining
Clay, oils, spent
catalysts
Chemicals
Solvents,
plastics,
catalysts
Local municipality
Sewage sludge,
sludge from water
purification
Automotive
Molding sand,
paints residue, used
tires
Aluminum
manufacture
Biomass
Agricultural
waste
Pulp & Paper
Mill residue, incineration ash
Crushed sand and
foundry sand
Foundries, (Si, Al,
Ca, Fe)
Fuel to kiln
Traditional fuels
Coal, gas,
petroleum coke,
fuel oil
Construction and
building materials
Waste board and
gypsum
Spent
pot
liner
Electric power
Fly ash, dust,
gypsum, sulfur
Soil remediation
residues
ASANTE