Transcript CCS and the Environment

CCS and the Environment
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, UK
UKCCSC Workshop, Nottingham, 17-18 April 2007
UKCCSC Meeting
April 2007 Nottingham
Theme 3 CCS and the Environment
C.1 Marine Ecosystem Models
Blackford, (PML)
Marine system models to quantify and predict ecosystem affects of acidification.
C.2 Laboratory Mesocosms
Widdicombe, (PML)
Investigate impact on biodiversity, animal health, bioavailability and speciation of
contaminants
C.3 Natural Analogues
Rees, (PML) and in collaboration with Theme B
Investigate potential analogues to determine relevance of natural seepage and seek funding
if appropriate
C.4 Scientific Literature
Turley (PML), Colls (Nottingham)
Access all appropriate scientific information
C.5 Field experiments
Identify responses to terrestrial leaks
Colls (Nottingham)
C.6 Socio-economics
Austen (PML) and in collaboration with Theme D
Environmental/society interaction and policy implications
C.7 Networking
Turley (PML) and Colls (Nottingham)
Facilitate internal and external information exchange including policy makers
UKCCSC Meeting
April 2007 Nottingham
Theme 3 CCS and the Marine Environment
C.7 Networking
Turley (PML)
Facilitate internal and external information exchange including policy makers
C.6 Socio-economics
Austen (PML)
Environmental/society interaction and policy implications
Informing UK Agencies, NGOs etc …….
Workshop on Ocean Acidification for UK Agencies,
Government and NGOs, 28 January 2005 at EN HQ
Presentation to EN (now Natural England) Council
March 2006
Dan Laffoley Chair of IMCO2 RUG 2005-2007– major
buy in
Evidence to EA – on OA and CCS 2006
EA workshop via Andrew Wither on “Global and local
impacts of Ocean Acidification” 2007
NGOs
Conservation Societies
WWF, Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth, E3G, Bellona
Foundation
Whale and Dolphin Conservation Society
Marine Conservation Society Annual Conference
International Whaling Commission
Engaging the Climate Change Policy
Community …….
Presentation at the ADCC Symposium at the
Met Office, Exeter 1-2 February 2005 +
Publication
United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change
Presentation at UNFCCC Twenty-Second
Sessions of the Subsidiary Bodies and seminar
of governmental experts, Bonn May 2005
Presentation at Climate Change & Governance
Conference, New Zealand, March 2006. Key
note + Publication in CONFRONTING CLIMATE
CHANGE 2006
Evidence to the Stern Report on Economic of
Climate Change
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
www.ipcc.ch
• Assesses scientific, technical
and socio-economic
information
• Relevant for the understanding
of climate change
• Assesses its potential impacts
• Assesses options for
adaptation and mitigation
• Last reported in 2001, new
report in 2007 – will help drive
new framework on climate
change i.e. post Kyoto.
• Lead Author of marine section
for WGII, Ch4 “Ecosystems”
• Ocean acidification included in
the new report – a first for
IPCC!
Engaging the Energy Mitigation Community …
•
Towards a Sustainable Energy Economy (TSEC a UKRC funded
programme)
UK Carbon Capture and Storage Consortium (UKCCSC)
PML TSEC project funded, PML leads the Environment Theme and is a
member of the Senior Management Team
•
UK Energy Research Council (UKERC) keynote
•
EPSRC Energy Programme Science Advisory Group
Future funding?
•
UKRC 2007 SR bid on Energy
IMCO2 Evidence into Laws for Protection of
Our Oceans.....
Evidence at OSPAR Workshop on the
environmental impact of placement of carbon
dioxide in geological structures in the
maritime area, Trondheim, 26-27 October
2004.
UN International Maritime
Organization
OA used as a key driver for
changes to The London Protocol
considered CCS and highest legal
barrier removed. CCS legal from
February 2007. OSPAR predicted
to follow suite.
OSPAR Biodiversity Committee Intercessional
corresponding group convened by Norway
and the UK to review Effects of Ocean
Acidification in OSPAR area. “OSPAR report
on Ocean Acidification “ 2006
Seminar on CO2 Sequestration in Geological
Structures, for the London Convention, DTI
Conference Centre, London, 20 May 2005
Evidence at IMO, London Convention Science
Group and contribution to the Senior Team
report on CCS 25 May 2005
Evidence at IMO, London Convention Science
Group Intersessional Technical Working
Group on CO2 sequestration April 2006
Working with Government Departments….
Dti: request for information on CCS (via OSPAR & London
Convention)
Defra: requests for information on CCS and OA (Marine and Global
Atmosphere Divisions)
Annual Report Card December 2006:
section on ocean acidification supplied by
PML - www.mccip.org.uk/arc
GECC (Global Environmental Change Committee): presentation, report,
questionnaire on research needs 2006
Working and Informing UK Government…..
Government initiatives as part of the UK Presidency of the EU and G8:
•ADCC symposium and book launch
•Climate Change Workshop “Tipping Points in the Earth System”, British
Embassy, Berlin.
•A shared Resource – Carbon capture and storage in the North Sea. British
Embassy, Norway
•Written evidence at request of defra for input into G8 & Montreal
Evidence to Government reviews:
•e.g. Stern Review on Economics of Climate Change, Treasury Review of
CCS, Marine Bill
Presentations to Government Ministers and Civil Servants:
•e.g. Elliot Morley, Linda Gilroy, Howard Dalton, David Warrilow, John
Roberts
Informing Parliament ….
•
Poster on CCS at “Set for Britain” meeting, Houses of Parliament,
March 2006
•
Responding to Parliamentary Questions e.g. PQ 0765 05/06 by Normal
Baker PML response by Mr Morley
•
Parliamentary & Scientific Committee, Westminster, presentation on
SOA, 23 October 2006 + publication in Parliamentary Journal.
•
th
30
January 2007: PMSP breakfast reception in the House of Commons
Informing the EU….
Turley, Hawkins & Reid. Seminar on Impact of Climate Change and
Ocean Acidification, Brussels 13 December 2004 to DG Environment
Laffoley, Turley & Greenaway. Lunchtime seminar on Climate
change, surface ocean acidification and their impacts on European
seas 2006 to Heads of DGs
EU presentation on OA: FP7 Advisory Group of Experts, 30 July
2006
Plus much lobbying by others …………………
FP7 Call on December 2006:
•Specific consortium on Ocean Acidification
•OA mentioned throughout the call
= lots of funding opportunities
Public Understanding – Books, Articles and Art
•
Ship: The Art of Climate Change, at the
Natural History Museum (Artists Heather
Ackroyd and Dan Harvey)
•
Stanford University Climate Change and
Policy Book, chapter on marine
ecosystems
•
Climate Change children's book on Global
Warming, Susie Hodge
•
Global Pollution in a series called Science
Behind the Headlines. Published by Tick
Tock Media for children
•
Review chapter on OA in Climate Change
Book by Fred Pearce
•
Loads of media coverage
•
PML PhD studentships – 70-80% of
applicants wanted to work on aspects of •Crystallized
ocean acidification (100% of the short listed
candidates) – shows outreach excellent!
whale skeleton:Cape Farewe
Strategy: Information Flow to Policy Makers a multi-pronged approach
UK
EU
International
POLICY
INFORMATION
FLOW
ECONOMICS
SCIENCE
ENVIRONMENTAL
Government
Departments/Agencies
Misconstrued
Misinterpreted
Generalization
Reference User Group
Pressure & Lobby
Groups e.g. NGOs
National and
International
Expert Groups
Quality loss
Loss of context
Government
Scientific
Advisor
Media, Public
& www
Directors
of Research
Councils
Probabilities
became facts
Directors
of Research
Centres
Laboratory
Directors
Research Scientists
Involving the User Community in the
Science…….
The PML Reference User Group (RUG) for High CO2:
 Government Depts: DEFRA, DTI, SE
 Government Agencies: EN/NE, EA, UKCIP, SNH
 Industry: BP
 NGOs: WWF, Greenpeace, E3G
 Europe: EEA
 Independents: BGS, The Royal Society
 Chair: Dan Laffoley - Natural England & IUCN WCPA
Stakeholder Analysis of Sub Seabed
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
Nicola Beaumont and Mel Austen, Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Purpose
to improve understanding of stakeholder perceptions of potential
marine environmental impacts associated with sub seabed
geological CCS.
Details
•½ day
•Reference User Group (RUG) participation
•Agreed ‘rules’ of stakeholder analysis ( previously circulated) to
ensure absolute security to talk freely
•RUG divided to two groups
•Encouraged to discuss and arrive at an agreed response to a
questionnaire to explore:
–Stakeholder perceptions of additional risks or benefits
–Which impacts are most significant
–Ability of stakeholders to agree on acceptability of potential
environmental impacts
Key Perceptions
• CCS is part of the UK’s low carbon emission toolkit for the
future
2
• Small-scale (10m ), low-frequency environmental impacts are
acceptable
• CCS should be implemented straight away although parallel
research into the impacts should continue
• More research into potential impacts was required:
likelihood of different physico-chemical scenarios i.e. probabilities of
impact/leak
temporal and spatial scale of impact (how much leakage, how often,
dispersion)
realism of physico-chemical models
Under these scenarios need to know
organism/ecosystem impacts and the scales at which they take
place
recovery potential
cumulative effects of impact
realism of ecosystem models
• Regulation and monitoring could be safely undertaken by
government and industry over short and long time scales
On-line Events and the WWW.
Web article in climate change debate on www.opendemocracy.net
•Live World Ocean Web Caste on SOA 13 November 2006
•14-18 yr olds from around the world
•Presentations by experts
•Q & A
http://www.thew2o-events.net/oa.php
•Text dialogue
search hits on “ocean acidification”:
October 2003 = 17
June 2006 = 267,000
January 2007 = 321,000