Transcript The IEA GIA- Accelerating Sustainable Development

International Energy Agency (IEA)~
Geothermal Implementing Agreement
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Reflecting on 18 Years of Successful
International Collaboration with a
View to the Future
M.A. Mongillo
Secretary IEA-GIA & GNS Science,
Wairakei, New Zealand
C.J. Bromley
Chairman IEA-GIA & GNS Science,
Wairakei, New Zealand
World Geothermal Congress 2015; Melbourne, Australia, 19-25 April 2015
Current Global Energy Scene
 Growth in global energy demand is expected to continue
 Recent IEA Studies (2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013) show
 5% increase in total primary energy supply (TPES) 2009-2010
 For 2010-2011
• 3.1% increase in TPES (to 13,113 Mtoe (549 EJ)
• 3.2% increase in electricity production (to 12,126 TWh)
• Associated CO2 emissions increased 3.4% (to 31,342 Mt)
– 2012 estimates even higher: 31,600 Mt
 Continuing along the current energy demand growth path, even with current positive
government policies, will likely result in:
• 2020 energy-related GHG emissions ~4 Gt higher than consistent with 2 °C target
• 3.6-5.3 °C increase in global temperature relative to pre-industrial levels by 2100
Now- real concern of not achieving limit of 2 °C increase
TPES
Current Global Energy Scene
 IEA continues investigate range scenarios to identify options to reduce emissions and
achieve the global temperature rise limit of 2 °C
 Most recent and encouraging: the Four-for-2 °C Scenario
• Can reduce growth in emissions to 3.1 Gt by 2020
– ~80% savings needed for 2 °C path
– No net economic cost
• Four policies
1) Adopt specific energy efficiency measures; e.g., energy performance for lighting
2) Limit construction and use least-efficient coal-fired power plants
• Great use of gas and renewable energies
3) Minimize CH4 emissions from upstream oil&gas venting and flaring
4) Accelerate partial phase-out subsidies to fossil-fuels consumption (US$ 523 B)
These policies can:
Deliver significant reductions by 2020;
Rely only on existing technologies;
Already adopted and proven in several countries;
Taken together would not harm economic growth in any country/region
 Awareness current global energy situation and possible calamitous future climate change
outcomes strong incentives for urgent action
 Recent IPCC Reports and IEA Geothermal Roadmap conclude:
Geothermal energy can make substantial contribution by providing
Long-term, secure, baseload electricity generation, and thermal energy for direct uses
By 2050: provide >3% global electricity demand and ~5% demand for heat
The International Energy Agency
(IEA)
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Founded in 1974 in response to oil crisis
Energy forum for 29 countries
Works to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for all countries
Provides authoritative and unbiased research, statistics, analysis and
recommendations
 Focus on balanced energy policy making: energy security, economic
development, environmental awareness & engagement worldwide
 Implementing Agreements
 Share research on breakthrough technologies
 Fill existing research gaps
 Deploy or demonstrate technology & build pilot plants
 Currently 41 Implementing Agreements
 Ten Renewable Energy Technologies
 Bioenergy, Geothermal, Hydrogen, Hydropower, Ocean Energy Systems,
Photovoltaic Power Systems, Renewable Energy Technology Deployment,
Solar Heating and Cooling, Solar PACES and Wind Energy Systems
IEA Geothermal (GIA)
 Established in March 1997 (operating 18 yrs)
 Well into 4th Term of operation (2013-2018)
 Provides versatile framework for
international cooperation among national,
industry and organization geothermal
programmes for
 Sharing information; developing technologies,
techniques and best practices for
• Exploration, Development, Utilization
 Producing & disseminating authoritative
information and databases
 Currently 18 Members:
 14 Countries: Australia, France, Germany,
Iceland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand,
Norway, Republic of Korea, Spain, Switzerland,
United Kingdom, and the United States, & EC
 3 Industry/Organization Members: CanGEA,
Geothermal Group- APPA, ORMAT Technologies
 Secretariat at GNS, Taupo, New Zealand
Mission
The GIA’s 4th Term Mission
To promote the sustainable utilization of
geothermal energy worldwide by optimizing
international collaboration to improve
technologies, thereby rendering exploitable
the vast and widespread global geothermal
resources, by facilitating knowledge transfer,
by providing high quality information and by
widely communicating geothermal energy’s
strategic, economic and environmental
benefits, hence contributing to the
mitigation of climate change.
To realize this Mission, GIA participants
take part in one or more tasks in the
current six major study areas (Annexes)
Current Activities
Annex I: Environmental Impacts of Geothermal Energy Development (1997)
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Clearly identify possible environmental effects and devise and
adopt methods to avoid or minimize their impact.
Annex III: Enhanced Geothermal Systems (1997; closed 2014)
Annex VII: Advanced Geothermal Drilling & Logging Technologies (2001)
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Investigate and promote methods to reduce drilling costs and logging
needs, clarify best practices and encourage the sharing of methods and
technologies.
Annex VIII: Direct Use of Geothermal Energy (2003)
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Address all aspects of direct use technology with emphasis on
improving implementation, reducing costs and enhancing use.
Annex X: Data Collection and Information (2009/2010)
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Collect and analyze current capacity and use data.
Annex XI: Induced Seismicity (2010)
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Determine necessary actions to make EGS fluid injection a safe
and economical technology acceptable by the public and useful
to the industry.
Annex XII: Deep Roots of Volcanic Geothermal Systems (2014)
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Advance knowledge on the nature and characteristics of the
heat sources and heat transfer in the roots of volcanic
geothermal systems.
Benefits of Membership
Successful collaboration provides important
benefits and contributions to Members and
international community
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Increases R&D capabilities by combining efforts
Avoids duplication and unproductive research
Improves R&D cost effectiveness
Provides easier access to key information,
research results and technological capabilities
Provides impartial information and analysis to
help guide national policies and programmes
Provides the opportunity to review current
issues, on-going and future research directions
Helps develop technical standards and methods
Investigates barriers to implementation
Contributes to the development of energy
policies
Contributions and Achievements
IEA Geothermal Representation
 IEA support- raises profile of geothermal
on international political scene
 GIA significantly increased participation
 IEA RE Meetings and Workshops
 GIA and “geothermal” representation
 NEET Workshops (Beijing, Moscow)
 Contributions to IEA publications
 Energy Technology Initiatives 2013- Drilling
Down Geothermal Costs- Annex VII
 IEA OPEN Bulletin (>12,000 subscribers)
 Dealing with Induced Seismicity 2007 (Wikipedia)
 Review of WGC 2010
 IEA Technology Roadmap for
Geothermal Heat and Power 2011
GIA Participants testing a high temperature
logging tool in a geothermal well to
determine how to reduce costs (ETI 2013).
Contributions and Achievements
Cooperation with Other International Groups
 Joint GIA/IGA Workshop on Geothermal Global
Development Potential and Contribution to
Mitigation of Climate Change- Madrid 2009
 IPCC SRREN Report 2011- Chapter 4-Geothermal
Energy
 Lead/Contributing Authors and Reviewers
 IPGT/GIA Annex XI Joint Activities on Induced
Seismicity
 Induced Seismicity Protocol
 USDOE Geothermal Technologies Peer Review 2011,
2012
 International Geothermal Association
 Joint effort to collect and publish up-to-date geothermal
power and direct heat use on annual basis
Contributions and Achievements
Expanded Research and Information Activities
 Redesigned Annexes
 Annex I (Environmental Impacts)
 Sustainable Utilization Strategies
 Annex VIII (Direct Use)
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Innovative Direct Use Applications
Communication
Guidelines for Geothermal Energy Statistics
Statistics for GHP Applications
 Initiated new Annexes
 X (Data Collection and Information)
 2013- extended data collection to four non-Member
countries (Indonesia, El Salvador, Kenya, Turkey)
 XI (Induced Seismicity)
 Joint activity with IPGT
 XII (Deep Roots of Volcanic Geothermal Systems)
 Initiated Proposal Funding Scheme in 2009
 Ten proposals funded (US$ 10 k each)
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Geothermics Special Issue- Sustainable Use
Participation at several international workshops
Global Review of Geothermal Reporting Terminology
Co-supported:
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Direct Utilization of Geothermal Energy: Suitable Applications and
Opportunities for Canada
Technology Cross-over between EGS and Hydrothermal Technology
Contributions and Achievements
Major GIA EmphasisInformation Dissemination
 Comprehensive public website:
www.iea-gia.org
 Comprehensive GIA Annual Reports
 Trends in Geothermal Applications annual
reports
 Participation at major international
renewable energy and geothermal
conferences (Posters, Paper Presentations
& Documents)
 RE 2008 (Busan, Korea)
 WGC 2000, 2005, 2010
 European Geothermal Congress (Pisa, Italy)
 GRC (2008-12) ; SGRW (2007-12)
 NZGW (2007-12)
Highlighted Efforts
Joint International Seminars and Workshops
 GIA/GNS International Geothermal Sustainability
Modelling Workshop, November, 2008, Taupo, NZ
 GIA/IGA Global Development Potential, May 2009,
Madrid, Spain
 Provided input for IPCC SRREN report
 GIA/GNS Science How to Mitigate Environmental
Impacts of Geothermal Development Workshop,
June 2012, Taupo, NZ
 GIA/EDC Seminar on Innovative Ways to Enhance
Permeability, Reduce Drilling Costs and Sustain
Geothermal Production, September 2013,
Tagaytay, Philippines
Highlighted Efforts
Sustainability
 Geothermics Special IssueSustainable Utilization of Geothermal Energy
 Guest Editors: Mike Mongillo & Guðni Axelsson
 11 Papers (Electricity Generation & Direct Heat Use (incl. GHPs)
 Published: December 2010, Issue 39/4
 Geothermal Sustainability Reservoir Modelling53rd SIMS Conference, Reykyavik, Iceland
(October 2012)
Highlighted Efforts
Reducing Drilling Costs
 Well drilling costs/performance
database
 Well costs simulator
 Drilling best-practices
handbook (December 2010)
Highlighted Efforts
IEA Technology Roadmap- Geothermal
Heat and Power
 3 International workshops
 Paris, USA and Indonesia
 Several GIA contributors
 Published June 2011
Future Directions and Prospects
 Geothermal development continues to grow globally; BUT
Technical, political, financial & perceived barriers remain
 GIA’s efforts aim to raise geothermal recognition among the other
renewables and help overcome these barriers
 GIA will focus on key areas:
 Refine global geothermal resource potential estimates and development
costs
 Improve strategies for sustainable development and optimized performance
 Devise cost-effective EGS reservoir stimulation technologies that minimize
potential effects of induced seismicity
 Continue development of the database for geothermal drilling costs and
publish the spreadsheet calculator and seminar on geothermal drilling best
practices
 Collect current resource & development data/information, provide on the web
 Promote benefits of geothermal and contribution mitigate climate change
 Participate in major international and IEA meetings
 Convene international workshops and seminars
 Continue Membership growth
 Indonesia, Philippines, China, India, etc.
Conclusions
 GIA has enjoyed considerable success through
its 18 years of international collaboration
 We believe that geothermal will contribute
significantly to the provision of energy to help
satisfy the growing global demand,
BUT WE NEED TO:
 Improve & develop new technologies
 Promote benefits of geothermal and its longterm sustainable use
 Stress the contribution geothermal can make
to mitigation of climate change
This will require significant effort
 IEA-GIA is well placed to help lead this
international effort well into the future
 There is a Bright Future ahead
 The GIA invites and encourages new
membership from those who wish to contribute,
to join us in this venture!
To Find Out More About The GIA
Visit the GIA Website
at
www.iea-gia.org
or
Contact the IEA-GIA Secretary
[email protected]