Transcript Folie 1 - American University of Beirut

American University of Beirut (AUB)
Innovations in Climate Protection
Policies – what can the Arab world
learn from European countries?
Danyel Reiche
12/12/2008
Presentation Outline
Research Question
Presentation Outline
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Presentation Outline
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Relevance of the Subject
Presentation Outline
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Relevance of the Subject
Case Studies
Presentation Outline
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Relevance of the Subject
Case Studies
Significance of Research Hypothesis
Presentation Outline
Research Question
Research Hypothesis
Relevance of the Subject
Case Studies
Significance of Research Hypothesis
Conclusions
Research Question
Is the playing field for national
innovations in climate change policy
receding because of globalization
and Europeanization?
Is there a shifting of power from the nationstate to the supranational and global level?
Global
Level
Nation-State
Global
Level
EULevel
EULevel
Nation-State
Dwindling of State Governance?
International:
National:
National
powerlessness in
the global and
European context
Reduced capability
to govern internally
Arguments for the Powerlessness of
the Nation-State
Global character of environmental
problems
Arguments for the Powerlessness of
the Nation State
Global character of environmental
problems
Vulnerability of national economies in
global competition
Research Hypothesis
The nation-state remains the
most important operator for
innovations in in climate
change policies
Relevance of the Subject
IEA-prediction: Global energy consumption will rise by 53
% from 2006 to 2030
Relevance of the Subject
IEA-prediction: Global energy consumption will rise by 53
% from 2006 to 2030
Transportation accounts for 30 % of worldwide energy
consumption
Relevance of the Subject
IEA-prediction: Global energy consumption will rise by 53
% from 2006 to 2030
Transportation accounts for 30 % of worldwide energy
consumption
Transportation is the heaviest growing sector within the
energy consumption field
Relevance of the Subject
IEA-prediction: Global energy consumption will rise by 53
% from 2006 to 2030
Transportation accounts for 30 % of worldwide energy
consumption
Transportation is the heaviest growing sector within the
energy consumption field
In 2004, there were 531 million automobiles worldwide
Relevance of the Subject
IEA-prediction: Global energy consumption will rise by 53
% from 2006 to 2030
Transportation accounts for 30 % of worldwide energy
consumption
Transportation is the heaviest growing sector within the
energy consumption field
In 2004, there were 531 million automobiles worldwide
The number of automobiles increases by 11 million per
year worldwide
Relevance of the Subject
IEA-prediction: Global energy consumption will rise by 53
% from 2006 to 2030
Transportation accounts for 30 % of worldwide energy
consumption
Transportation is the heaviest growing sector within the
energy consumption field
In 2004, there were 531 million automobiles worldwide
The number of automobiles increases by 11 million per
year worldwide
China and India have the highest growth rates (10-15%)
Research Hypothesis
The nation-state remains the
most important operator for
innovations in climate change
policies
Case Study 1
Germany: Pioneer in the
production of electricity
from wind and PV
Case Study 1
Germany: Pioneer in the
production of electricity
from wind and PV
Feed-In Tariff law
(minimum payment
system)
Case Study 2
Germany:
Currently the
only country
with shrinking
transportation
emissions
Case Study 2
Germany:
currently the
only industrial
country with
shrinking
transportation
emissions
Background: The
ecological tax and
duties reform
1999: 3,07 Cent
2000: 3,07 Cent
2001: 3,07 Cent
2002: 3,07 Cent
2003: 3,07 Cent
15,3 Cent/l fuel
Case Study 3
Germany: Pioneer in
serial production of a 3liter-automobile
Smart
3-Liter-Lupo
Case Study 3
Germany: Pioneer in
serial production of a 3liter-automobile
Smart
Voluntary self-commitment
of the automobile industry
“in the shadow of
hierarchy“
3-Liter-Lupo
Case Study 4
Norway: Pioneer of
ethical guidelines for
investment policy
Case Study 4
Norway: Pioneer of
ethical guidelines for
investment policy
“Active Ownership” and
Exclusion of companies
Significance
of Research Hypothesis
The Nation-State on a Global Level
1. Interdependence manager instead of
“govern beyond the nation-state”
The Nation-State on a Global Level
1. Interdependence manager instead of
“govern beyond the nation-state”
2. Diffusion of environmental innovations
instead of competitive disadvantages by
stricter environmental policies
The Nation State on a Global Level
1. Interdependence manager instead of
“govern beyond the nation state”
2. Diffusion of environmental innovations
instead of competitive disadvantages by
stricter environmental policies
Essential role of the nation-state at the
global level
The Nation-State in the EU
MOC instead of binding guidelines
The Nation-State in the EU
MOC instead of binding guidelines
Indicative objectives lead to
regulative
competition
The Nation-State in the EU
MOC instead of binding guidelines
Indicative objectives lead to
regulative
competition
´best
practice`
The Nation-State in the EU
MOC instead of binding guidelines
Indicative objectives lead to
regulative
competition
´best
practice`
Continuing relevance of the Council of Ministers
The Nation-State in the EU
MOC instead of binding guidelines
Indicative objectives lead to
regulative
competition
´best
practice`
Continuing relevance of the Council of Ministers
Implementation in national colors
The Nation-State in the EU
MOC instead of binding guidelines
Indicative objectives lead to
regulative
competition
´best
practice`
Continuing relevance of the Council of Ministers
Implementation in national colors
Essential role of the nation-state at the EU level
Limitations of the Nation-State
1) Mode of supranational centralization
Limitations of the Nation-State
1) Mode of supranational centralization
2) Principle of open statehood
Limitations of the Nation-State
1) Mode of supranational centralization
2) Principle of open statehood
3) Decision by qualified majority
Conclusions
The nation-state in a changing environment
continues to be the most important authority
on all political levels.
Partial sovereignty opposes the positive effect
of globalization: this has created an arena for
pioneer countries, so that their policies in
transnational diffusion processes can spread.
Thank you for your attention !