Transcript Forestry - Capacity Development for the CDM

CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT for the
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM for CAMBODIA (CD4CDM-CAM)
National Workshop on Capacity Development for the
Clean Development Mechanism
26-27 March 2003
Phnom Penh, Cambodia
CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
&
FORESTRY
OPPORTUNITIES FOR CAMBODIAN FORESTERS
AND CONSERVATIONISTS
by Thanakvaro T. De Lopez
OUTLINE


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Part I – Climate Change and Forestry
Part II – International Examples of Carbon
Sequestration Projects in the Forestry Sector
Part III – Opportunities for CDM Projects in
the Cambodian Forestry Sector
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PART I
CLIMATE CHANGE AND
FORESTRY
Forests and Climate Change


Some 25% of annual global emissions
of CO2 result from deforestation
Carbon Sequestration: The growth of
vegetation and forests removes CO2
from the atmosphere.
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Forests and CO2 Flows
Atmospheric CO2
Photosynthesis
CO2 Release
CO2 Removal
Respiration
Decomposition
Combustion
Carbon Stock
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Forests and Climate Change
Mitigation

Forests are carbon sinks and reservoirs
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Conservation of existing forests
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Increase of forest cover
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Increase of carbon stored in forests
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Forestry Activities Eligible for
CDM
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General eligibility rule: conversion of
non-forest land to forest land
Definition of “Forest”: minimum land
area of 0.05-1.0 ha; crown cover of at
least 10-30%; trees with potential to
reach minimum height of 2-5 meters.
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Forestry Activities Eligible for
CDM
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Real measurable emission reductions certified
by independent agency
Conformity with national sustainable
development strategy
Contribution to biodiversity conservation and
sustainable use of natural resources
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Forestry Activities Eligible for
CDM
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Afforestation: conversion into forest
of non-forest land
Reforestation: planting of trees on
degraded forest land or former forest
land
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Forestry Activities Eligible for
CDM
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Afforestation: limited to land that has
not been a forest for at least 50 years
Reforestation: limited to land that has
not been a forest since 31 December
1989
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PART II
International Examples of
Carbon Sequestration Projects
in the Forestry Sector
Infapro, Malaysia
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Location:
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Parties:
25,000 ha logged dipterocarp
forest in Eastern Sabah
(1) Face Foundation (Forests
Absorbing Carbon dioxide Emissions); (2)
Innoprise Corporation, Malaysian
governmental forestry organisation
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Infapro, Malaysia
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Activities: rainforest rehabilitation with
enrichment planting using 35 indigenous tree
species
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Infapro, Malaysia
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Investment:
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Duration : plantation over 25 years with 60 year
US $15 million
growth cycle (started in 1992)
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Sequestration: 15.6 million tons of CO2
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Average cost: US$ 0.95 per ton of CO2
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Plan Vivo, Mexico
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Location:
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Parties:
Chiapas, Southern Mexico
(1) FIA, Formula One Foundation; (2)
Ambio, cooperative of Foresters; (3) local community
groups and small farmers associations
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Plan Vivo Objectives

To sequester carbon
with sustainable
forestry
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To Generate benefits
for local livelihoods
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Plan Vivo Activities: plantations,
agroforestry, communal reforestation
Carbon Sequestered
tC/ha
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Plan Vivo, Mexico
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Investment:

Sequestration: 5000 to 13000 tons of CO2
US $15 million
per year
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Average price: US$ 3.6 per ton of CO2
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PART III
Opportunities for CDM
Projects in the Cambodian
Forestry Sector
OPPORTUNITIES IN
CAMBODIAN FORESTRY
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On-going tree planting programmes:
forest plantation, National Arbor Day and Community
Forestry
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Potential land for carbon sequestration:
disturbed forest areas (estimated at some 1.5 million
ha by MoE) and non-forest areas
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ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLE
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Location:
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Activities: community forestry and
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Sequestration: 1 million tons CO2 over 10 years
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Revenues from CDM: US $3 million at US $3
Heavily deforested south-central
provinces (e.g. Kompong Cham, Kandal)
agroforestry;10,000 ha reforested
per ton CO2
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What needs to be done to
take advantage of CDM
opportunities
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Capacity building / human resources
development
Research in Cambodian forest ecosystems
Set up procedures and guidelines for CDM
forestry projects
Actively develop CDM projects
Actively seek out CDM partners
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CONCLUSIONS
CONCLUSIONS
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CDM may provide financing for afforestation
& reforestation activities in Camdodia
Large potential for CDM implementation in
the Cambodian forestry sector
Stakeholders (government, NGOs, private
companies) ought to actively pursue efforts
to take advantage of CDM opportunities
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