Transcript Why transport research? - mgm

TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability - Making
transportation policies and developments
smarter
Adorján Horváth
AdLunam Ltd.
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in support to EU
policies on sustainable development
• Environment
• Lisbon agenda
• Transport policies
Research
Main policy drivers - environmental impacts of transport
The 7th Framework Programme: main instrument to
implement EU Research Policy
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
The five challenge clusters of
transport research
Sustainability
Social change
Globalization
Information technology
Institutional considerations
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Why sustainability?
The framework of
development
• What is sustainable?
The 3 P’s of
sustainability
•Planet (natural life-support,
environmental context)
•People (human well-being,
social context)
•Profit (economic growth,
economic context)
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Why transport research?
Strengths
Challenges
EU air transport 2,1% of GDP,
3 million jobs
EU surface transport 11% of
GDP, 15 million jobs
30% of total energy consumption
98% dependence on oil
environmental impacts:
CO2 emission
air, water, soil pollution
public health, biodiversity
Mobility, accessibility ->
development
Maintaining competitiveness
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Climate change is here! (forever)
Climate is changing all the time, but there is a
connection between human CO2 emission and
global warming
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
What the hell is climate change?
Maybe this?
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
What the hell is climate change? (2)
Or rather this?
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
What the hell is climate change? (3)
Or even worse?
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Placing transport research into global
environmental context
Sustainability requires addressing
environmental issues
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Environmental facts about transport
in the EU
25% of all CO2 emissions
Pollution costs 1,7% EU GDP
71% of all EU oil consumption required
Pollution social cost 360 €/year/capita
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Climate change research versus
transport research
Climate change
research global
objectives
Transport research
global objectives
• Understanding climate
change
• Providing solutions
• Reducing the climatic
impact
Develop
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safer
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smarter
•
greener
transport systems
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Major goals of transport research
activities
• Greening
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Mobility
Safety
Competitiveness
Innovation
TRIAD II. Workshop
Green goals
•Environmental management
of construction, production,
operation and recycling
•Addressing climate change,
environmental protection and
public health&safety through
technological improvements
for:
•reduction of energy use
•reduction of pollution
Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental
context
The challenge: Energy need forecasts for
transportation
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental
context (2)
What to do?
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental
context (3)
What to do?
• Incorporate current scientific knowledge into the planning,
design, construction, operation, and maintenance of
transportation systems
• Most climate change data historically have focused on a global
scale, but for transportation planning, smaller-scale analyses
are necessary
• Transportation planners and climate scientists need to work
together more closely to develop regional scenarios for likely
climate-related changes and to compile the data needed to
analyze their impacts
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Transport research in environmental
context (4)
What to do?
Compiling decision frameworks for
transportation research
Technical issues:
Improving vehicle efficiency
Reducing vehicle use
Decarbonizing fuels (LCFS)
Policy issues:
Compiling climate change action plans
Incorporating social sciences
Regulating and fostering the technical issues
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
A sample ‘Climate change action plan’
Three major focus areas:
1. Reducing GHG emissions from the
transportation activities
2. Protecting the transportation infrastructure from the effects of climate change
3. Reducing the operational impacts on
climate change
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
1. Focus area
• Reducing transportation activities’
GHG emissions
A three-pronged approach:
• 1. Promoting the development, availability, and use of
cleaner burning bio-fuels
• 2. Increasing vehicle efficiency
• 3. Increasing the efficiency of the transportation system
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Reducing transportation activities’
GHG emissions (1)
• 1. Promoting the development, availability and use of
cleaner burning bio-fuels
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Bio-fuel strategies
Low Carbon Fuel Standard
• 2. Increasing vehicle efficiency
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Low emission vehicle program
Alternative vehicle technologies
Vehicle purchase incentives
Customer education
Regulation of unnecessary vehicle idling
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Reducing transportation activities’
GHG emissions (2)
• 3. Increasing the efficiency of the transportation system
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Inter-modal connections and coordination
Enhance the level of public transportation
Park and ride facilities
Setting up rideshare databases/programmes
Increase to number of trips made by biking
and walking
Increase the use of passenger rail
Increase rail freight
Finding commuting alternatives
Growing local economies and encouraging land use planning and
community design such as “transit-oriented development” aimed at
compact development patterns and a mix of uses in order to encourage
shorter trips and the viability of alternative modes
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
2. Focus area
Protecting the transportation infrastructure from the effects of
climate change
Climate and weather background, indicators of climate change
Potential threats to the transportation infrastructure from
climate change
Climate change adaptation strategies:
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Bridging the gap between climate
science and adaptation action
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Climate change and
transportation decision-making
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Transportation and sustainability
3. Focus area
Reducing the operational impacts on
climate change
•Monitoring energy use and undertaking activities and
improvements to reduce energy use at facilities and in all
operations
•Work to inform staff on their roles and responsibilities in
reducing energy in the workplace
•Continue biofuels use in the agency fleet and participate in
the legislatively mandated biofuels study
•Increase participation in rideshare programmes
Reduce/eliminate paper use through electronic processes
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Transportation and sustainability
Investigate telecommuting and reduced work week options
Sustainable transportation indicators
• Sustainability reflects a concern for indirect and long-term
impacts
• Important tool for better transportation planning
• No standard set existing
• Desirable to develop standardized, “baseline” indicator sets: some
indicators suitable for all situations, and others for specific needs
and conditions
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Transportation and sustainability
Sustainable transportation indicators (2)
Sustainable Transportation Issues (Litman and Burwell, 2006)
Economic Social Environmental
Economic
Infrastructure costs
Accident damages
Social
Affordability
Community livability
Environmental
Noise pollution
Habitat and ecological
degradation
Accessibility quality
Consumer costs
DNRR
Equity / fairness
Human health impacts
Aesthetics
Air pollution
Water pollution
DNRR
Traffic congestion
Mobility barriers
Impacts on mobility
disadvantaged
Community cohesion
Climate change
Hydrologic impacts
This table lists various impacts which should be reflected, as much as feasible, in sustainable
transportation indicator sets. (DNRR=Depletion of Non-Renewable Resources)
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability
Transportation social science
Integrating social, economic, and
behavioral sciences into the transportation
field
Problem-solving
research
Attitudes and behaviour
Human factors
Information processing
Social impact assessment
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Visual quality and the
roadside
Roadside impressions
Visual quality and route choice
Roadside complexity
Transportation and sustainability
Social changes and sustainable
transport
Activity-based approach: individual travel behaviours
studied in a multidisciplinary framework
Differences in geography, culture and institutions arrangements for sustainable transport
– Differences in travel needs and preferences -lifestyles
– Cultural aspects of transport - car dependency, development
of infrastructure
– Equity and accessibility - environmental quality
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Transportation and sustainability
Thank you for your attention!
TRIAD II. Workshop
Transportation and sustainability