Transcript THE UNFCCC TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER

TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT AND
TRANSFER : - MOVING FROM
NEGOTIATIONS TO IMPLEMENTATION
UNFCCC WORKSHOP ON INNOVATIVE OPTIONS FOR
FINANCING DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSFER OF
TECHNOLOGIES, 27 – 29 SEPTEMBER 2004,
INTERCONTINETAL HOTEL, MONTREAL, CANADA
WILLIAM KOJO AGYEMANG-BONSU
NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE COORDINATOR
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY, GHANA
OUTLINE OF PRSENTATION
• Elements of UNFCCC Technology
Development and Transfer Framework
• Ghana’s Technology Needs Assessment
• Challenges
• What requires financing?
• Conclusions
Elements of UNFCCC Technology
Development and Transfer Framework
1) Technology Needs Assessment
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Information needs
Capacity building needs – institutional, human
Assessment of enabling environment – systemic capacities,
including barriers and actions to overcome them
Financing
Technology information
Enabling Environment
Capacity building
Mechanisms for technology transfer –
institutional and financing aspects
Ghana’s Technology Needs
Assessment
Goals of the TNA
• Contribute to global effort towards sustainable
development and in particular the protection of
the climate system.
• Communicate to COP under UNFCCC and the
global community Ghana’s climate change
technology requirements.
Immediate Objectives
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Identify, analyze and prioritize technologies that can
form the basis for a portfolio of ESTs projects and
programmes
Identify human, institutional and systemic capacity
needs that ensure the smooth development, transfer and
acquisition of ESTs
Enlist interest and commitment from key stakeholders
and forge partnerships to support investment or barrier
removal actions for purposes of enhancing the
commercialization or otherwise diffusion of high
priority technologies
Stakeholders
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Government
Quasi-Government
Business Associations
Financial Institutions
NGOs
Research/Academia
Development Partners
Resources for Ghana’s Needs
Assessment
• Major funding from UNDP/GEF
• Technical support provided by NREL with
funds from CTI/USDOE
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Overview of Ghana’s Approach to
Needs Assessment
Development of background documentation
Stakeholder identification (national/international)
Organization of scoping meeting/stakeholder consultations
Establishment of Technology selection criteria
Choosing sectors/sub-sectors for assessment
Establishment of core/expert teams
Prioritizations of technologies
Holding donor consultations
In-depth analysis
Preparation of needs assessment report
Development of technology transfer implementation plan
Technology Priorities Setting
Selection Criteria
 Development benefits
 Market Potential
 Contribution Towards Mitigating
Climate Change
 Additional Attributes
Selection Criteria
Development benefits
Job creation
Wealth creation for the poor
Capacity building
Use of local resources
GDP growth
Good effect on balance of trade
Health Improvement
Skills development
Selection Criteria
Market Potential
Initial capital outlay
Affordability
Investment sustainability
Low maintenance – durability
Commercial availability and
Replicability
Selection Criteria
 Contribution Towards
Mitigating Climate Change
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No or low GHG emissions
Minimal harm to the environment
Low potential for “leakage”
Enhance sinks and waste recovery
Selection Criteria
 Additional Attributes
 Able to meet other social need(s) and are
socially acceptable
 Promote international trade in the context of
north-south and south-south cooperation
 Promote sub-regional cooperation with
respect to optimization in use of resources for
development
Contents of the Needs
Assessment Report
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Executive Summary
Technology Transfer Implementation Plan
– In-depth Analysis
National Environmental Context
Technology Priorities
Review of Legislative and Institutional
Framework
Conclusions and Recommendations
Technology Implementation Plan
– In-depth Analysis
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Background of Technology - information
Barriers to the development and transfer
Suggested Actions to Remove Barriers
 Ghana Actions
 Existing programmes and policies
 Additional actions
 Actions expected from International
Community
Technology Implementation Plan
– In-depth Analysis
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Expected results of technology transfer
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List of stakeholders
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Development, Economic and Social Benefits
Market Penetration and sustainability
GHG reduction and other environmental benefits
National
International (Informed by TT Clear website, CTI personal
communication and website)
Capacity needs
Recommendations for the creation of enabling
environment and general conclusions
Top Priority Technologies
• Energy efficient lighting using compact
fluorescent lamps
• Industrial energy efficiency improvements –
demand side management including power
factor improvement and boiler efficiency
enhancement
• Methane gas capture from landfills
• Use of bio-fuels (jatropha)
CHALLENGES
“The sweetness of the pudding is in the eating”
• Access to technology information
• Development of bankable project portfolios
• Developing implementation models and business
plans – capacity, barrier removal strategies
• Creation of the enabling environment for sustained
technology development and transfer, including
market transformation
• Building of business partnerships and
identification of technology transfer intermediaries
• Financing – where (under UNFCCC and other
donor sources), when, what and how?
What Requires financing?– A
Case study
Promotion and use bio-fuels in Ghana
Barriers
• Inadequate awareness of the potential of bio-diesel
• Uncertainty about the economics of production
• Lack of know-how and infrastructure for efficient
and cost effective extraction process
• Lack of capacity in purification and blending of
bio-fuels with fossil fuels
• Competition of land for food crops
CONCLUSIONS
• Technology needs assessment is the critical niche
• The weakest link of the technology development
and transfer chain is the mechanism for
technology transfer - including financing
• Technology transfer is not a formula but an
innovative process, involving learning by doing
• Therefore there is the need for joint research and
development as well as partnership development
that will address the fear of loss of IPRs
• Opportunities for financing technology
development and transfer arise from barrier
identification and removal strategies identified
during technology needs and needs assessment