Transcript EPN and Dutch Networks, Arnold van Vliet

European Phenology
Network
Dutch phenological
Network
‘Natuurkalender’
Arnold J.H. van Vliet
Environmental Systems Analysis Group
Wageningen University
Content
European Phenology Network
Issues: Observation protocols,
standardization and indicators.
Dutch Network De Natuurkalender
Philosophy / important factors
Issues: Inter-agency agreements /
network linkages, reporting system,
communication, education,
applications, funding and conclusions.
Conclusions / recommendations
(Photo: Henk van den Burg)
European Phenology Network
Central objective:
Increasing efficiency, added value and use of phenological
monitoring and research in Europe in the context of global
climate change.
Specific objectives:
To demonstrate the wide variety of possible applications of
phenological research and and realising a stronger involvement
of the end-users;
To facilitate integration and co-operation between existing
phenological monitoring networks;
To improve the integration of, and access to phenological data in
Europe in a systematic, structural and user-friendly way;
To exchange knowledge between phenologists of different
scientific disciplines on tools and techniques.
EPN Activities
Networking (Standardization &
cooperation)
Development of 2 databases
• Metadatabase
• Bibliographical database
Develop educational program
Organize meetings
Two conferences
6 Workshops:
• Bird migration
• Earth Observation
• Human health
• Agriculture
• Communication, dissemination and
capacity building
EPN: Metadatabase
EPN: Metadatabase
Metadatabase (number of networks (screenshot),
http://www.dow.wau.nl/msa/epn/
Bibliographical database (screenshot)
Observation protocols and indicators
Standardization of definitions: Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt
and CHemische Industrie (BBCH)
Stage
Description of principal growth stages
0
Germination / sprouting/ bud development
1
Leaf development (main shoot)
2
Formation of side shoots / tillering
3
Stem elongation or rosette growth / shoot development (main shoot)
4
Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts (beet, tuber) /
Booting (=swelling of panicle, ear, ...) (main shoot)
5
Inflorescence emergence (main shoot) / heading
6
Flowering (main shoot)
7
Development of fruit
8
Ripening of fruit and seed
9
Beginning of dormancy, die off of leaves, stem, ...
Observation protocols and indicators
Observational procedures: Standardisation report.
Important elements of the instructions for the observation area
* Reference height
* Max deviation from reference height determined.
* Max distance from observation point determined
* Ideal terrain (Open, flat or stand of a woodland / forest)
* “Average” location
Important elements of the instructions for the observation object
* Year for year on object
* Year for year on site
* All phases of one object / site
* Fruit and grape vine varieties to be reported
* Watered objects principally ruled out
Observation protocols and indicators
Species
Prunus avium
(Cerasus avium)
Malus domestica
Prunus armeniaca
(Armeniaca vulgaris)
Prunus cerasus
Pyrus communis
Ribes rubrum
(R.sylvestre)
Vitis vinifera
Phenophases (BBCH-code)
First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of
flowering (BBCH69), Colouring of leaves (BBCH94)
First flowers open (BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), End of
flowering (BBCH69)
Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full
flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)
Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full
flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)
Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full
flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)
Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full
flowering (BBCH65)
Leaf unfolding (BBCH11), First flowers open (BBCH60), Full
flowering (BBCH65), End of flowering (BBCH69)
Sweet cherry, Apple, Apricot, Cherry, Pear,
Current, Grape
Observation protocols and indicators
Species
Beta vulgaris (only
sugar beet)
Helianthus annuus
Hordeum vulgare
Hordeum vulgare
(winter)
Secale cereale
(Winter)
Solanum tuberosum
Triticum aestivum
(Winter)
Zea mays
Phenophases (BBCH-code)
Drilling (BBCH00), Sprouting (BBCH10), Full ripeness (BBCH49), harvest
Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Beginning of heading (BBCH51), Fully
ripe (BBCH89), Harvest
Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), Beginning of milk
ripeness (BBCH75), Yellow ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest
Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), Beginning of milk
ripeness (BBCH75), Yellow ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest
Drilling (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), First flowers open
(BBCH60), Full flowering (BBCH65), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Wax
ripe (BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest
Tilling, Sprouting (BBCH10), First flowers open (BBCH60), Harvest
Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Beginning of stem elongation
(BBCH30), Heading (BBCH55), Beginning of milk ripeness (BBCH75), Wax ripe
(BBCH85), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest
Sowing (BBCH00), Emergence (BBCH10), Heading (BBCH55), Flowering 10%
(BBCH61) (male), Flowering 30% (BBCH63) (female), Beginning of milk ripeness
(BBCH75), Fully ripe (BBCH89), Harvest
Sugar beet, Sunflower, Common barley, Rye, Potato,
Common wheat, Maize
De Natuurkalender
Objectives:
1) Assess the ecological
and socio-economic
impacts of climate
change.
2) Increase support for
climate policy and
increase sense of
urgency.
3) Increase knowledge on
nature and climate.
Natuurkalender philosophy
Willingness
of public and
Availability
of historic
organizations
to support
Monitoring
Assess impact of
climate, its
ecological and
socio-economic
consequences
and adaptation
options
Raise public
awareness
Amount
of
climate
change
Socioeconomic
imp. of a
change
Knowledge
of public
Paper
products
Online
products
Number
observers
Audio-visual
products
Educational
products
Media
attention
Quality of information
Quantification of
Possibility to
environmental
apply it at local
problem
scale
International
cooperation
Scientifically
sound
Frequency and timing
of dissemination
Objectives
observations
Dissemination
products
‘Language’ of
the information
Number of
themes
Information and
knowledge
production
Number of
observations
Quality and
quantity of
scientific output
Quality consortium
Communication
between partners
Availability of
expertise
Availability of
technologies
Access to data
Inter-agency agreements / network linkages
Regeling Draagvlak Natuur
Reporting system and communication
http://www.natuurkalender.nl/
Reporting system and communication
Citizen science: Communication
Citizen science: Communication
Rotterdams Dagblad: 15-11-2004
NRC: 13-1-2005
Amersfoortse Courant: 12-1-2005
Stentor: 11-1-2005
Citizen science: Communication
Bruto media outreach "De Natuurkalender"
90,000,000
Internet
Radio
TV
Newspapers
80,000,000
Number of people
70,000,000
60,000,000
50,000,000
40,000,000
30,000,000
20,000,000
10,000,000
0
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
Year
2003
2004
2005
Education
Applications
Models
Meteo data
Public
Hay fever
Geographical info
Media
Nature’s Calendar
Health
Knowledge
Nature man.
Municipalities
Oak Proc. Cat.
Provinces
Ticks
Terrain mana.
Vegetable gar.
Garden
Agriculture
Pests / diseases
Backyard
Crops
Bot. gardens
Trees
Municipalities
Transport
Education
Elem. Schools
Railways
Second. schools
Air traffic
Nature lovers
Limitations
Fisheries
Recreation
Zoo’s
Applications: Hay fever
Funding
Different sources:
• Government (International, national, regional)
• Non Governmental Organizations
• Research institutes
• Donations by public
• Sponsoring by commercial sector (cooperation between countries?).
• Selling of products (communication, ICT, information, publications).
Lessons learnt:
• Quantification of the socio-economic relevance is important.
• Each group requires a different approach.
• Fund raising: Labor intensive activity.
• Continuous innovation is important.
Conclusions and recommendations
• Indicator plants: Make the program flexible (possibility to add and remove native and
non-native species.
• Observation protocols and standardization: link up with other networks.
• Citizen science: Communication is important.
• Reporting system: Direct feedback to observers and target groups is important.
• Applications: provide many benefits.
• Funding: There are a large number of possibilities. Different sources require different
approaches.
Recommendations:
• Expand the objectives of NPN: Citizen science and contributing to socio-economic
issues should be mentioned as objectives.
• Include a communication strategy to different target groups (media, sectors, observers)
and involve people and organization with expertise in this field.
• Internal communication is important.
Thank you for your attention
Contact:
Arnold van Vliet
Wageningen University
Foundation for Sustainable
Development
Email: [email protected]
Websites:
http://www.dow.wau.nl/msa/epn/
http://www.natuurkalender.nl/
(Photo: Henk van den Burg)