Transcript Economic growth as a whole

Income generation and poverty reduction
for development
Training course
Mekong Institute24 Feb, 2010
Suchint Simaraks 2010
[email protected]
This session will be mainly carried out
in a workshop fashion
Poor
Natural resources
Knowledge, brain
Money
Population
Food
Etc.
Rich
-Poverty has been with us, since the dawn of civilizations
-It illusive to understand and to measure
-Because the poor in one society may be considered
the rich in the other societies
-The better-off; rich, politician, NGO,GO, international or local
Organizations, business people are all getting richer
because of the poor
-It is very difficult to eradicate or mitigate but it is a challenge
โทรศัพท์ เครื่ องยนต์ แผ่นเสี ยง หลอดไฟ คอนครี ต
รถไฟไฟฟ้า
เชื้อโรค วัคซีน สถานีไฟฟ้า เครื่ องปั่นไฟฟ้าไอน้ า
เครื่ องพิมพ์ ชักโครก รถยนต์
ภาพยนตร์ เครื่ องปรับอากาศ เครื่ องบิน วิทยุ
ทฤษฏีความสัมพันธ์
คอมพิวเตอร์ นิวเคลียร์ ทรานซิสเตอร์ ใย
แก้ว ยาคุมกาเนิด
เครื่ องจักรไอน้ า ทอผ้า ปั่นด้าย ถ่านไฟฟ้า
ร้อยละของแรงงานเกษตร
รถไฟ กล้องถ่ายรู ป
2243
มอเตอร์ โทรเลข ถุงยาง
อนามัย ตูเ้ ย็น ยาสลบ เย็บ
ผ้า เกี่ยวข้าว ไถเหล็ก
ปฏิวตั ิอุตสาหกรรม1
2293
2343
ดาวเทียม ไปอวกาศ อินเตอร์เนท
โคลนนิ่ง คอมส่วนตัว นาโน
เทคโนโลยี
ปฏิวตั ิอุตสาหกรรม2
1960
2393
2443
ปฏิวตั ิเขียว
2493
2543
View of World System (Social)
โครงสร้างประเทศ องค์กร
บทบาทหน้าที่
power
confli
new colonialism
ct,
press
urepower
อานาจ
เจ้ าใหญ่ สุด
value,
technolo
Economi
gy
c
Hegemony
depende
ncy ลาดับชั้น ประเทศแกน: Core Countries
hierarchyใกล้ขอบ: Sub-peripheral countries
ปฏิสมั พันธ์
ประเทศขอบ: peripheral
power
ลาดับชั้น
suchint 2006
Millennium goal(J.D. Sachs, Time 24 Mar, 08)
World trends
-The most dangerous trends is climate change,
species extinction and destruction of ecosystems
-Sustainable system of energy, land and resource
uses that have to be conserved and protected
-Stabilization of the world population at 8 billion
or below by 2050, (expected to be 9 billion)
through a voluntary reduction of fertility rate
-The end of extreme poverty by 2025, and
improved economic security within the rich
countries as well
A new approach to global problem solving based
on cooperation among nations and dynamism and
creativity of the non-government sector
to
-Spreading of modern and sustainable
economic growth
-Reduces rich-poor gab in Asia and Europe
and USA
-Economic growth as a whole
-Control of bulging population and voracious
use of earth resources
-Stop ecology and human, resources and
climate decline
Poverty
-10 million children die every year and violent
Sustainable system of resource use
-Reverse problem of climate change, biodiversity
and ecology
Attitude
-Market
force, ideology of free trade and
non-regulate policy is a trap
-Market alone is not enough because it is based
on common resources such as air, water, waste
dumping ground
-Public awareness and engagement
-End of consumer service
Timeline
1997/2540
1999/2542
2000/2543
2002/2545
2003/2545
2015/2558
Climate change
Human surge
New resolution
Health aid
Going green
Turning the
corner
2025/2568 End of poverty
2030/ 2573 Fuel economy
2040/2583 Zero emission
2050/2553
Stabilization
Kyoto Protocol mandates
6 billion, doubling in 50 years
UN millennium development goal
Global fund for AIDS, TB and Malaria
UN green revolution in Africa(K. Annan)
Completion of the millennium goal
Poorest get above 1 US$/day
New technology, hybrid vehicles
Halting climate change, renewable
energy or others
Population at 8 billion, manage through
sustainable development
Time,31 Mar.08
According to International Poverty Center, UNDP paper
Sept. 2004.
Growth (economics) alone is not enough to reduce
poverty, yet most country use GDP as growth indicator
Conventional growth and trickle down concept does not
work for the poor
Growth may create poverty
GDP does not tell about distribution
Pro-poor growth concept to reduce poverty must be put
into consideration
Pro-poor growth must include reduction of inequity
It should benefit the poor proportionately more than the
non-poor
Measurement
Poverty Equivalent Growth Rate(PEGR)
Pro-poor, PEGR is larger than actual growth rate when
incomes of the poor grow more than the average income.
Poverty
• Poverty is broad, multidimensional, variable,
and subject to local norms or perspectives.
• Poverty can be measured in terms of physical
and psychological dimensions.
• Estimated total of 1.2 billion people live in
poverty as defined by the international
poverty line of average daily consumption
equivalent to US $1 per day per capita (World
Bank, 2001).
Poverty
• Poverty is broad, multidimensional, variable,
and subject to local norms or perspectives.
• Poverty can be measured in terms of physical
and psychological dimensions.
• Estimated total of 1.2 billion people live in
poverty as defined by the international
poverty line of average daily consumption
equivalent to US $1 per day per capita (World
Bank, 2001).
Poverty Measurement
Material
Deprivation
• Food
• Clothing
• Housing
• Money
Non Material
Deprivation
Inadequate
Access
•Freedom
•Security
•Political
Power
•Self Esteem
•Happiness
• Education
• Health
• Infrastructure
• Technology
• Employment
• Market
Other measurement of poverty
Pro-poor development and income generation
What happen to the poor people in conventional
development process?
Why do we have to go for pro-poor in development ?
How can you really make them better off?
What kind of data and knowledge do we need to formulate
plan and assistant to help them?
To assist the poor why we have to help
them generate incomes?
Can there be other alternatives, besides money income,
to assist them?
What should be those alternatives?
How can we assist them to generate income?
Instead of working with the poor can we work with
the rich to get the poor better off?
How?
How can we help the poor to generate incomes?
Why the rich do not give back or revive the rural or
earth sincerely and truly for gaining so much,
directly or indirectly, from the rural or earth
Can we help make a happy world as a whole?
Well being is livelihood plus happiness but both
well being and happiness are abstract
What have you gain now are mostly from your
own tacit knowledge put together.
I simply facilitate. Thanks
Good intention or hidden agenda?