Transcript 725 - FSD

725
Establishing a European
Phenological Data Platform
for Climatological
Applications
Start date 05/04/2004
End date 05/04/2009
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Phenology ?
Study of the timing of
•recurring biological events in the
animal and plant world as
flowering, leaf unfolding, fruit
ripeness, appearance and
departure of migrating birds and
animal breeding….
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Weather and climate play an important role
in plant development
ATMOSPHE
RE
INDIVIDU
AL
CHARACTE
RISTICS
BIOSPH
ERE
SOIL
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Phenology what for?
• Important tool for climate change impact studies - IPCC AR4
• interaction between atmosphere and biosphere is a crucial area of
study for increasing knowledge of critical exchanges in the
planetary carbon balance
• important and necessary to have ground truth observations for
NDVI-data (normalized differential vegetation Index –
photosynthetic activity)
• Vegetation influences the albedo, the evapo/transpiration and thus
the energy budget of the earth – atmosphere system
• knowledge about and the input of the status of vegetation leads
also to a better performance of NWP models
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Problems
in Europe many national and regional phenological
networks exists having their own specific observation
programme often following country/region specific
guidelines; data are stored in many different databases,
underlying certain utilization restrictions.
All these factors hamper a European wide
phenological research which has become one of the
focus points of climate change impact studies
>>>solution: COST action
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thus the Main Objective of cost725 is
establishing a European reference data set of
phenological observations, to be used for
climatological purposes, especially climate
monitoring, and detection of changes
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Secondary objectives
 harmonisation and recommendation for
monitoring and collection procedures
 selection criteria of data for further consideration
 quality control of observations
 commonly used formats of archiving and
distribution of data
 developing application methods of pheno data
(as mapping techniques of phenological
information and other
 increasing the knowledge concerning relations
between climate and phenological phases
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cost725
27 participating
countries and
JRC Ispra
+JRC
Ispra
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Conferences
4th Annual Meeting of the European Meteorological
Society, 5th Conference on Applied Climatology (ECAC)
-26 – 30 September 2004, Nice, France
7th International Congress of Biometeorology ICB,
September 5th - 9th 2005, Garmisch Partenkirchen,
Germany
3rd HAICTA International Conference on: Information
Systems in Sustainable Agriculture, Agroenvironment
and Food Technology, 20 – 23 September 2006, Volos,
Greece
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Workshops
Workshop of WG 3 Dublin, 27 – 28 April 2006
ESF Phenology and Agroclimatology, Exploratory
Workshop Volos 21 – 23 September 2006
Workshop of WG 2 Vienna 4 – 5 December 2006
Workshop of WG 3 Freising 22 – 23 January 2007
Workshop/scientific excursion Ivalo 6 – 10 June 2007
Workshop of WG 2 Ljubljana 12 – 13 November 2007
Workshop / scientific fieldtrip Bucharest 6 – 7 May 2008
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WG 1 METADATA
information collected from all participating countries and
from Croatia, Montenegro and Bosnia Herzegovina about
phenological networks
observed plants
phases,
observations sites…
This metadata built the bases for the selection of plants
and phases for the database of COST725
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WG 1 METADATA
historical overview
and present status of
the national
phenology networks
in all member
countries + IPG,
Croatia, Bosnia
Hercegowina and
Albania
182 pages
©COST Office 2008
ISBN 978-951-40-2091-9
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WG 2 DATABASE
Decision that all observed plants and phases have to be
classified according to one guideline:BBCH code
Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and CHemical Industry
Stage
Description
0
Germination / sprouting / bud development
1
Leaf development (main shoot)
2
Formation of side shoots / tillering
3
Stem elongation or rosette growth / shoot development (main
shoot)
4
Development of harvestable vegetative plant parts or
vegetatively propagated organs / booting (main shoot)
5
Inflorescence emergence (main shoot) / Heading
6
Flowering (main shoot)
7
Development of fruit
8
Ripening or maturity of fruit and seed
9
Senescence beginning of dormancy
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WG 2 DATABASE
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Event, Helsinki 25 -26/06/08
http://www.omm.urv.cat/documentation.html
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WG 2 DATABASE
in April 2005 the list of plants and phases to be stored in
the common database was worked out
the present status of the common database comprises
7717094 data in total from 20 countries plus IPG
from 7948 observation sites (among these 6406
German stations)
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WG 2 DATABASE
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10
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5
12
4
0
visual control
no visual control
WG 2 DATABASE
Quality Checking: questionnaire on checking routines
in use was sent and evaluated: Most frequent used
visual and logical, less used statistical and spatial
control,methods are frequently combined with each
other - individual data treatment - need of very
experienced phenologists
2
1
1
1
4
no statistical control
use of climatic models
timing check
expected range of phen. dates
corr.-infeasivle dates
corect sequence
3
4
no control
comparison of the data
5
A.Zust, 2006
11
interphase duration
1
1
1
allowed period (constraints)
2
spatial coherence / isoph
maps
optimal data fitting
data corelation methods
optimal data fitting
outliers detection (3 sigma)
11
1
1
1
1
1
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comparable stations
latitude bands
GIS tools
no control
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WG 3 APPLICATIONS
increasing the
knowledge
concerning
relations
between climate
and phenological
phases
A.Menzel et al., in Global
Change Biology 2005)
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WG 3 APPLICATIONS
Fitter & Fitter 2002
Earlier springs larger spatial variability
25
15
15
Menzel et al. GEB 2006
14
5
0
50
100
150
200
Mean date (day of year)
Early spring phases –
high inter-annual variability
250
Geographic SD
inter-year SD
35
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
100
200
mean date (day of year)
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300
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WG 3 APPLICATIONS
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WG 3 APPLICATIONS
……increasing the knowledge concerning relations
between climate and phenological phases
the first really European wide analyses using 125 000
observational series of 542 plant and 19 animal species
showed that 78% of all leafing, flowering and fruit ripening
advanced and only 3% were significantly delayed in 1971 to
2000. while there was no clear signal for a later beginning of
autumn characterized by leaf colouring and leaf fall.
Temperature and phenological trends are significantly
correlated thus the specious´ phenology is responsive to
temperature of the proceeding month: mean advance of
spring/summer 2.5 days per 1°C temperature increase
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WG 3 APPLICATIONS
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WG 3 APPLICATIONS
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Impact of COST725
The Commission for Climatology CCl of WMO for the first
time recommends phenological observations in the draft
of the 3rd edition ” Guide to Climatological
Practices” following the recommendation of COST725
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Impact of COST725
France network activities
Ireland project on “Climate change impacts
on phenology: implications for terrestrial
ecosystems” started in April 2008
Sweden and Austria launched interactive
web page
Switzerland 2 major phenological studies
started
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European added value
By financing workshops, conferences and meetings, STSMs
and giving action support grants the COST framework not
only helped but made possible:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
standardisation of phenological observation methods in
Europe
developing of common data quality checking routines
creating a European wide database
publishing of European wide pheno-climate studies
triggering national activities
exchange of knowledge
promotion of young scientists
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Dissemination of results
COST725 was presented by the chair and by the COST office at
many conferences (oral & posters), flyer, publications,
contributions to NEWS from COST,
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The Harvest
European phenological meta data; European phenological data platform;
European Phenological Reference data set; Peer reviewed publications;
Recommendations for observation and data quality control; Bi-annual status
reports, Final report; Web site; Presentation on international conferences
will test and develop
further
applications
on how to
use
phenological data
and especially the
reference data set,
resulting from the action
The fruits: WG 3
Applications
chair Annette Menzel
The methods
under consideration
are primarily mapping
of phenological phases
trend analyses
correlation between
phenological phases
and other
climate elements
The stem and backbone: WG 2 The
Database
guidelines
chair Wolfgang Lipa Collection of the selected
for the
data physically from the
selection of
participating
phenological data
countries,
from national data
definition of
sets, assessment
data formats and
on the question of
preparation
which data
of the
become part of
information
the common final data set
to be stored and distributed
The roots: WG 1 Inventory of data and
metadata
chair Jiri Nekovar
identifies, searches and collects information about phenological data and
metadata that are stored in national archives. The observational rules and the
performed quality checks prescribed by the agency responsible for the data are
an essential part.
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Dissemination of results
the already mentioned meta analyses found a huge echo in the
media e.g.:BBC news, SPIEGEL, CORDIS news
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Plans for the last year of COST725
Workshop on hostorical phenological data in November
2007 in Rome
Special Issue of Climate Research
Final scientific report
Phenological conference in Geisenheim/Germany March
2008 (combined with last MCM)
4 STSMs
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Life after COST
Possible follow up project in the frame of ECSN
European Climate Support Network
proposal was presented at the ECSN meeting in
Svalbord 15 – 18 June 2008
Positively evaluated some amendments & justifications
are necessary though
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Thanks for your attention
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