Transcript Defense Diplomacy in Times of Crisis

Symposium on Philippines-China Relations: Building
Opportunities in Times of Crisis
4 December 2013
Prof Charithie B Joaquin
Member of Faculty, NDCP
2011-2016 National Security Policy
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Promote external harmonious
relationships with neighbors and the
world at large
Pursue regional cooperation
Enhance cooperative security
arrangements with allies and neighbors
2010 Defense Policy Paper “Meeting the
Challenges to Philippine Defense and
Security”
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Int’l Defense & Security Engagement (IDSE)
Promote regional as well as global peace and
security
 Increase strategic engagements with foreign
partners
 Pursue defense level dialogue to develop strategic
partnerships with Philippine friends and allies
Transforming the DND to Effectively Meet the
Defense and Security Challenges of the 21st
Century: A White Paper on Defense
Transformation, July 2012
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Bilateral and multilateral arrangements
should be explored, enhanced, sustained, and
promoted as a vehicle to collaborate for and
meet regional concerns
To strengthen and expand friendly cooperation in the
defense field on the basis of the principles of mutual
respect for each other’s independence, sovereignty
and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression,
non-interference in each other’s internal affairs,
equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence, as set forth in the UN Charter and other
universally recognized norms of the international
law, so as to jointly safeguard regional and world
peace stability, promote in-depth and all -round
development of the good neighborly partnership of
mutual trust between Parties
Establishment of mechanism for an Annual
Defense and Security Talks
 Establishment of a Joint Technical Working
Group
 Exchange of military delegations and
student tours of military academies
 Strengthen exchanges and cooperation in
such fields as counter-terrorism,
humanitarian relief and rescue, etc
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Military diplomacy:
 In PRC: Phil DAFA, ADA
 FAFA in RP: DAFA, ADA
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Framework of Engagement with China
2004 MOU on Defense Cooperation
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Regular Fora
 Bilateral
▪ Annual Defense and Security Talks (since 2005)
 Multilateral
▪ China-ASEAN Defense and Security Dialogue
▪ Xiangshan Forum
▪ 2010 Regional Security Forum (NDCP)
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Human Resources Development
 NDU, GSC, Specialized Courses (11)
 Educational visits
▪ Visit of the China Association for International
Friendly Contact to Manila in 2004
▪ NDCP MNSA Regular Class 41 visit to Beijing (2006)
▪ AFP CGSC Class 55 visit to Beijing and Shanghai (2012)
▪ “Biggest delegation so far of Philippine military
officers to China showcases the strong, vibrant and
comprehensive relations between the two
countries”
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Territorial dispute is not the entire
Philippine-China relations.
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Continuously build confidence and
cultivate trust between defense
ministries and armed forces
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Emphasis on non-traditional security
concerns ie climate change, HADR
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“All-round development” towards
regional stability
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Intensified person-to-person
engagement among civilian defense
officials and military officers
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Enhanced military-to-military
relationships
Regular conduct the Annual Defense and
Security Talks
1.
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Continue positive high-level engagement to
clarify misunderstanding and build trust and
confidence
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Discuss issues of mutual concern: HADR,
climate change, innovative approaches to
conflict resolution
4th ADSD held in Beijing on 27-28 April 2013
Year
Venue
1st
2005
Manila
2nd
2006
Beijing
3rd
2007
Manila
4th
2013
Beijing
2008-2012
5-year hiatus
Photo: www.dnd.org
Discussed “evolving
regional security situation”
and bilateral defense
relations
Shows “respective thrusts
to continue cultivating
good relations
notwithstanding
divergence of position on
certain issues”
Source: www.dnd.org
2012-2013 as the Years
of Friendly Exchange
for the Philippines and
China
“to further promote defense
and military cooperation to
include exchanges of personnel
as well as collaboration in
addressing the effects of natural
disasters and climate change”
Both ministers put
“premium in a peaceful
region that is conducive to
the development goals of
both countries.”
Sec Gazmin emphasized
that unilateral actions
which could cause alarm
should be avoided.
Source: www.dnd.org
Visit of General Liang Guanglie, State
Councilor and Minister of National Defense,
in 23 May 2011.
Further strengthen person-to-person
engagement
2.
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Enhance mechanism for defense civilians and
military education/cultural exchanges/expert
level exchanges
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Establish mechanism for academic
engagements (ie joint research , exchange of
faulty, academic conference, etc) among
defense colleges, universities and institutions
(ie NDCP-NDU, AFP CGSC-PLA GSC)
18
16
14
Number of Filipino Military
Scholars had completed
course in China (2000-2013)
16
16
13
11
12
10
MOU
8
6
6
4
2
Total: 92
On-going: 7
0
2002
Source: AFP
6
3
2
0
7
11
2003
1
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
July
2013
30
Number of Foreign Senior
Military Officers & Defense
Personnel who have taken
the MNSA and the GSC
(As of Oct 2013)
27
NDCP
MNSA
25
AFP GSC
GSC
24
20
64
15
13
15
10
7
6
5
3
5
4
3
2
0
0
0
0
3
2
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
Australia
Brunei
India
Indonesia Malaysia
Source: dela Pena (2013); Updated by author
Nigeria
Pakistan Singapore
South
Korea
Sri Lanka Thailand
Explore joint exercises on nontraditional issues
3.
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HADR
CBRN
Counter-Terrorism
Maritime Security
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Security cooperation towards
regional stability and development
is shared by both parties.
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Conflicts can be prevented. There
are constructive, proactive ways to
approaching contested
issues/managing conflicts.
Photo taken in West Lake, Zheijang Province, China
by Michael Lai http://retireediary.wordpress.com
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It is imperative that both
parties continue to rebuild
trust especially among key
defense officials and
military officers.
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There should be constant
dialogue/exchange to
clarify intent and
eventually build shared
norms.