Transcript Two ways to manage climate change

Chapter 21
Global Climate Change
Climate Change Terminology
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Greenhouse Gas
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Positive Feedback
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Infrared Radiation
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Greenhouse Effect
Introduction to Climate Change
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"Scientific evidence for warming of the
climate system is unequivocal." -
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate
Change
Evidence of Climate Change
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Spring in N. hemisphere now begins 6 days
earlier
Evidence of Climate Change
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Evidence of Climate Change
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Evidence of Climate Change
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Evidence of Climate Change
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The Greenland and Antarctic
ice sheets have decreased in
mass. Data from NASA show
Greenland lost 150 - 250
km3/year between 20022006, while Antarctica lost
about 152 km3 of ice
between 2002-2005.
Flowing meltwater from the Greenland ice sheet
Evidence of Climate Change
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Both the extent and thickness of Arctic sea
ice has declined rapidly over the last
several decades. 9
Evidence of Climate Change
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Glaciers are
retreating almost
everywhere around
the world —
including in the Alps,
Himalayas, Andes,
Rockies, Alaska and
Africa.10
Evidence of Climate Change
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The number of record high temperature
events in the United States has been
increasing, while the number of record low
temperature events has been decreasing,
since 1950. The U.S. has also witnessed
increasing numbers of intense rainfall
events.11
Evidence of Climate Change
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The carbon dioxide content of the Earth’s
oceans has been increasing since 1750,
and is currently increasing about 2 billion
tons/year. This has increased ocean
acidity by about 30%. 12
Introduction to Climate Change:
Mean Annual Global
Temperature 1960–2007
Causes of Climate Change
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Greenhouse gas concentrations increasing
Causes of Climate Change
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Increased
concentration of CO2
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Greenhouse Effect
Pollutants That Cool the
Atmosphere
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Atmospheric Aerosols
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Both human and natural sources
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Complicates models of climate change
Climate Models
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Climate affected by:
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Advanced models can project future
warming events
Models have limitations
Effects of Global Climate Change
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Wildfire in California
Effects of Global Climate Change:
1. Melting Ice and Rising Sea Levels
Sea level rise caused in 2 ways
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2.
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Melting has positive feedback
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Melting Ice and Rising Sea Levels
1957
1998
Glacier National Park
Impacts in Fragile Areas
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Eskimo Inuit
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Climate change is altering their existence
Wildlife displaced
Reduced snow cover and shorter river ice
seasons
Thawing of permafrost (right)
Tuvalu- threatened by permanent flooding
on their island
Effects of Global Climate Change:
2. Changing Precipitation Patterns
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Some areas will get more water, some
areas will have greater droughts
Effects of Global Climate Change:
3. Effects on Organisms
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Zooplankton in parts of CA have
decreased by 80% since 1951
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Effecting entire food chain
Decline in krill around Antarctica
Species have shifted their geographic
range
Migrating birds are returning to summer
homes earlier
Effects on Organisms: Coral Reefs
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Coral reefs can be bleached due to
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Affects coral symbiotes and makes them more
susceptible to diseases
Effect on Organisms: Vegetation
4. Effects on Human Health
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Increased number of heat-related illnesses
and deaths
5. Effects on Agriculture
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Difficult to anticipate
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Productivity will increase in some areas and decrease
in others
Rise in sea level will inundate farmland
Effect on pests is unknown
Warmer temperatures will decrease soil moisturerequiring more irrigation
Location where certain crops can be grown may
change
International Implications of
Climate Change
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Developed vs.
Developing
countries
Dealing with Global Climate
Change
Two ways to manage climate change
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2.
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Relationship Between Mitigation
and Adaptation
Dealing with Global Climate
Change: Mitigation
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Dealing with Global Climate
Change: Adaptation
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Rising sea levels and coastal populations
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Move inland
Construct dikes and levees
Adapt to shifting agricultural zones
NYC sewer line
International Efforts to Reduce
Greenhouse Gas Emission
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Kyoto Protocol
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Chapter 21: Global Climate Change Climate Crisis Network
http://www.climatecrisis.net/takeaction/
Goddard Institute for Space Studies: Surface Temperature
Analysis
http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/
United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
http://www.ipcc.ch/
US Global Change Research Program
http://www.globalchange.gov/
Pew Center on Global Climate Change
http://www.pewclimate.org/
World View of Global Warming - The Photographic
Documentation of Climate Change
http://www.worldviewofglobalwarming.org/pages/glaciers.html