Transcript Recommended varieties, package & practices and Roadmap of

Directorate of Maize Research
Recommended varieties, package & practices and
Roadmap of maize development in NE state
Vinay Mahajan
Principal Scientist
Directorate of Maize Research
Pusa Campus, New Delhi
Directorate of Maize Research
Maize Development in NE Region
 Climate Change in NE Region and its affect on
crop yield
 Adaptable maize hybrids Improved Agronomic
practices
 Roadmap for Maize Development in NE Region
Rich in Germplasm and Adaptability of Genotypes
New Genetic Material and Seed Production
Abiotic-Biotic factors
Equipping Farmers with Latest Technology
Biotechnology tools
Directorate of Maize Research
Climate change in NE region
Monthly Rainfall distribution over three block years of Jorhat region
 Reduction in total rainfall by 425 mm
 Change in shift in peak and spread of Rainfall
Directorate of Maize Research
Rainfall pattern in different months of kharif season and different agroclimatic zones
Directorate of Maize Research
Performance of checks for days to anthesis, days to silk and yield
in their respective years of testing
Days to anthesis
Days to silk
Yield (kg/ha)
Directorate of Maize Research
Performance of maize in different zones
Directorate of Maize Research
Assessment of Climate Change in NE region
Climate change research, includes
 Key climate variables are
– Temperature fluctuations
– Erratic monsoon (intensity and
frequency)
– Humidity
– Soil erosion
 Critical assessment of different
crops/zones for vulnerability to
Source: NESAC (2009), Shillong
climatic stresses and extreme events,
especially of intra-seasonal
variability of rainfall, temperature, disease severity etc
Directorate of Maize Research
Hybrids (Extra-Early) Suitable for NEH
Hybrid/
Composite
Yield
(q/ha)
Recommended area
for cultivation
Source for
Seed
Vivek Maize
Hybrid 45
(2013)
60
UK, HP, J&K, NEH
region & Identified for
I,II,III,IV
VPKAS,
Almora
Vivek Maize
Hybrid 39
(2012)
58
UK, HP, J&K, NEH
region
VPKAS,
Almora
Vivek Maize
Hybrid 33
(2008)
57
UK, HP, J&K, NEH
region
VPKAS,
Almora
Vivek Maize
Hybrid 25
(2007)
55
UK, HP, J&K, NEH
region
VPKAS,
Almora
Remarks
Yellow, semiflint, flat bold
seed, tolerance
to TLB & MLB
Yellow, semiflint, flat bold,
tolerance to
TLB
Yellow, semiflint, bold,
tolerance to
BLSB, BSDM
Yellow, semiflint, bold,
tolerance to
TLB
Directorate of Maize Research
Hybrids/Composite (Extra-Early) Suitable for NEH
Hybrid/
Composite
Yield
(q/ha)
Recommended area
for cultivation
Source for
Seed
Vivek Maize
Hybrid 21
(2007)
50
VPKAS,
Almora
Pusa ExtraEarly Hybrid
5 (2004)
50
UK, HP, J&K, NEH
region, Del, Pub, Har,
West UP, AP, TN Mah,
Kar
J&K, UK, NE, HP,
Assam, Har, Pub, Ap,
TN, Mah, Kar
Remarks
Yellow, semiflint, bold,
tolerance to
TLB
IARI, New Tolerance to
Delhi
TLB, MLB,
ESR
Composite
Vivek Sankul
Makka 35
(2009)
48
UK, HP, J&K, NEH
region
VPKAS,
Almora
Yellow dent flat,
tolerant to TLB
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek Maize Hybrid 45
Adaptation: Zone I (UK, HP, J&K,
NEH)
Grain: Yellow, Semi-Flint, flat bold
seed
Maturity: 85-90 days
Plant height : 200 cm
Yield: 60 q/ha
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek Maize Hybrid 39
Adaptation: Zone I (UK, HP, J&K, NEH)
Grain: Yellow with cap, Semi-Flint
Maturity: 85-90 days
Plant height : 180cm
Yield: 56-58q/ha
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek Maize Hybrid 33
Adaptation: Zone I (Hills of UK, HP, J&K and
NEH)
Grain: Yellow Dent flat,
Tolerant to turcicum leaf blight
Plant height : 200-210cm; Maturity: 88-90 days; Ear
Shape: Conico-cylindrical; 1000-Gr Wt: 265 g
Yield: 55-57 q/ha
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek Maize Hybrid 25
Adaptation: Zone I (Himalayan hills up to 2200 m
amsl)
Grain: Yellow bold, semi-dent; Plant height: 200225 cm; Maturity - 85-90 days;
Highly tolerant to leaf blight (Highest: 2.3)
Yield: 60-65 q/ha
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek Maize Hybrid 21
Adaptation: Zone I, II & IV (Andhra Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, Delhi,
Haryana, Punjab Western UP and
Himalayan hills upto 2200m amsl
Grain: Yellow Semi-dent; Tolerant to turcicum
blight
Plant height : 180-210 cm; Maturity: 85-90
days;
Yield: 55-60 q/ha
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek Sankul Makka 35
Adaptation: Zone I (UK, HP,
J&K, NEH Region)
Grain: Yellow Flint
Maturity: 85-90 days
Plant height : 177cm
Yield: 50-55 q/ha
Directorate of Maize Research
QPM Maize Hybrids Suitable NE Region
Hybrid/
Composite
Yield
(q/ha)
Recommended area
for cultivation
Source for
Seed
Vivek QPM 9
(2008)
55
Himalayan Region &
Peninsular India
VPKAS,
Almora
HQPM 5
(2007)
58
All over the country
HQPM 1
(2007)
62
J&K, UK, HP, NE,
Assam
Remarks
Yellow, semiflint, perform
better at low N
CCS HAU, Orange, Flint,
Karnal
Resis. to MLB
CCS HAU, Yellow, Dent,
Karnal
Tol. to Frost/
cold, Resis. to
MLB & Rust
Directorate of Maize Research
Vivek QPM 9
First Extra- Early QPM version of Vivek Maize Hybrid 9
Adaptation: Uttarakhand Hills & Zone I & IV
Grain: Yellow semi-flint
Maturity: 85-90days;
Plant height : 210-215 cm
Yield: 45-50 q/ha (Organic)
58-60 q/ha Zone I
50-55 q/ha Zone IV
Directorate of Maize Research
Babycorn Composites/ Hybrids
Hybrid
Yield (q/ha)
VL Babycorn 1 70-80 q/ha
(2004)
(With Husk)
12-14 q/ha
(Without
husk)
HM 4 (2005)
Seed Yield:
68 q/ha
Recommended
Source for
area for
Seed
cultivation
All over India VPKAS
Almora,
Uttarakhand
Across the
country
Remarks
Seed Yield:
38-40 q/ha,
Early, Yellow
CCS HAU
Can be used
regional
as babycorn,
Center, Karnal Orange flint
medium
maturity
VL Babycorn-1 (Composite)
Directorate of Maize Research
 Adaptation: Throughout the
country
 Parentage: [(VL 16 X Murulia) x VL 16) X VL 16)]
 Highly prolific (2.5 - 3 ears/plant),
conical shaped, straight ovary
rows, creamy yellow, sweet and
tolerant to turcicum blight and high
plant density
 Babycorn yield – 12-13 q/ha +
Green fodder yield – 300 q/ha
Seed Yield: 40 q/ha
 First Babycorn composite Released
for All India
Directorate of Maize Research
Roadmap for
Maize Development in NE Region
Directorate of Maize Research
Rich in Germplasm and Adaptable Genotypes
Diverse materials with several adaptive traits
 Local landraces have better adaptability
Good combiners from local land races
Genotypes can be preferably used as female line
 Utilisation of Near-Related species that offer natural
tolerance to stresses
Good Crossing ability among some Genus/ species

Protecting and strengthening conservation programs
of genetic diversity and special efforts on Farmer’s
Participation for on-site preservation of local land races

Adaptive traits differ according to the climatic conditions;
emphasis on early and medium maturing hybrids
Directorate of Maize Research
New Genetic Material and Seed Production
 Evaluation of AICMIP trials with new genetic
materials and identification of promising adapted
genotypes for the NE region
 Increase in the number of field evaluations: Multilocation evaluations over seasons
 Emphasis on hybrid seed production in mission
mode approach
 Ensuring the timely availability of inputs like seed,
fertilizers and other inputs even to the remote
farmers
Directorate of Maize Research
Climate change and Abiotic-Biotic factors
 Understanding climate change in NE region
 Crops and varieties are required to withstand unpredictable
biotic and abiotic stresses
 Manage Limited / Excess water stress (anaerobic)
 Water lodging (germination/flowering/grain filling)
 Drought in winter season
 Monitoring of stresses: Intensity and Duration
 Germination & Seedling Establishment under prolonged high
moisture condition (Anaerobic)
 Low-Nitrogen tolerance and increase Nitrogen Use Efficiency
 Disease resistance (BLSB, TLB)
 Recovery from the stress under field conditions
Directorate of Maize Research
Equipping Farmers with Latest Technology
 Sensitizing the state agricultural officers on new
and noval technologies in maize
 Assist and educate farmers in latest technology
under changing climate
 Adapting
systems
new
technology
suitable
farming
 Provide farmers with affordable genotypes and
techniques
 Simultaneous scaling up of outputs through
KVKs and the National Mission on Sustainable
Agriculture for wider adoption by the farmers
Directorate of Maize Research
Marker Assisted Selection
Vivek QPM 9
 New breeding method based on
Cross
genotypic selection
 Genetic architecture of the trait
Segregating population
should decide ways of marker
intervention (Rex Bernardo, 2008)
 In
Genotype
phenotype
Genotype
X
environment
interaction if genotype explains
larger portion of variation then
QTL
genetic markers can be used to
select desirable phenotype; if
phenotype is determined largely by Gene discovery
environment then changes in
agronomy are effective in producing
Responsive genes
desirable types
Candidate genes
New variety
Directorate of Maize Research
Saluting the variability of NE Region
Thanks