Transcript Загадочный предмет

Object based learning
The Buryat khadak
… and blue waters of Baikal
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s
properties”
• Physical Features
• What is it like?
• It looks like a blue
towel or a soft silk
blue scarf, but it
shouldn’t be used as
a part of clothes. It
can be put on the
altar at home or in a
hidden place. Also
you can give it to any
person you meet.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties
• How big can it be?
• The khadak
shouldn’t be very big
but 1,5 meters long.
This shape is used
just to present it as a
sacral scarf and a
towel with white
food for guests.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Why is it blue?
What can this
color symbolize?
• The blue color symbolizes
harmony and tranquility, kindness,
loyalty, eternity, respect and man’s
long life. It also means the crystal
pure Baikal water. In the
Mongolian world this color is the
personification of the Eternal Blue
Sky, high peaceful heaven, a sacral
altar of Tengrins, Supreme Being.
This Mongolian tribes’ cult was
originated in ancient times. It’s
also the symbol of male’s origin.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Function/Purpose
• What is it used for?
• The khadak as a
towel with white
food is used for
receiving guest as
a sign of respect,
friendship and
hospitality.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• In what occasions is
it used?
• Since ancient times till today
the Buryats can present the
khadak in any important
events. It can be: a wedding
ceremony, funeral, a kid’s
birth, graduating from the
university, treatment guests,
a house building, Sagaalagan
Celebration and so on. Dalay
lama is known to give a blue
khadak as a present to
diplomats, guests and other
monks demonstrating his pure
intentions and the beginning of
good relations and
collaboration.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Does it have more than
one function?
• It can be used as a towel
with the white food and
a sacral thing for
religious rituals
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Construction/Manufac
turing Techniques
• Who made it?
• Khadaks are made by
special workers in the
Chinese monastery
called Gum Bum, it’s a
Buddhist monastery
where they have their
own khadak factory.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Khadaks are made of
silk by machine and
• How was it made?
khadaks for solemn
• Is it made by machine
or by hand?
occasions are
embroidered by hand.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Value
• Does the object have
monetary, spiritual,
aesthetic, sentimental or
practical value?
• The object doesn’t have
monetary value.
• The object has spiritual value
because it is used as a sacral
thing for religious rituals.
(Buddhist and Shaman).
• The object has aesthetic value
because it looks nice and is like
an original work of art for the
Mongolian world. On the
khadak you can see different
ornaments which have spiritual
meaning. I saw a khadak with
embroidered ornaments. It’s
really a piece of art!
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Does the object have
monetary, spiritual,
aesthetic, sentimental or
practical value?
• The object has sentimental
value because it reflects the
person’s good intentions,
respect or maybe love
towards other people. I think
they are very important
things for all people.
• I think the object doesn’t
have practical value
because it isn’t used every
day but only in solemn
occasions.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
• Does the object mean
different things to
different people?
• The khadak means
different things to different
people because in Buryatia
and in the Buddhist world
it can be used as a sacral
attribute for religious
purposes. For other
cultures it isn’t known and
they would consider it as
part of clothes.
“Observation and conclusions of the object’s properties”
•
• How does the object
reflect the person,
community, or
culture that used or
made it?
(1) Every Buryat man or woman use the object in
this very occasion as something valuable, I should
say like a precious stone just to express their respect
to guests. Since the Buryats are very hospitable
people, they have a special ceremony of treating a
guest, of course the object will be the first thing on
which you’ll try the first Buryat dish, the so called
“white food” made of sour clotted milk. (2) If you’d
like to visit some Buryat sacred places you won’t be
able to do it without the object because it’s the first
thing to coax the spirits and send them your prayer
message. You are asked to tie it to a tree or obo or
burkhan. (Obo or burkhan can be a white Buddhist
stupa, or a log pole with colorful ribbons tied, or it’s
simply a tree or a bush with the same ribbons. In
general it’s a place to worship. (3) Even you can see
the khadak on the insignia of the Republic of
Buryatia. At the bottom of the insignia there is a
blue ribbon, you have already known how it is
called. It’s a symbol of hospitality and respect, with
the name of the republic in the Butyat and Russian
languages.
Mysterious Objects
Use these expressions:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
I think …
I believe…
To my mind…
I’m not sure but …
In my opinion …
I should say that …
As far as I
concerned…
• I can’t say for sure
but I think…
• I’m afraid I’m
wrong but I
believe …
• I feel that …
• I’m sure that…
• I’ m quite sure that
…
Что собой представляет данный предмет?
Язычковый деревянный
духовой музыкальный
инструмент с двойной
тростью. На
передней поверхности
трубки имеется семь
или восемь отверстий,
на задней
поверхности — одно
или два.
Physical Features
What is it like?
• It’s like a wind
musical instrument
made of wood.(3)
• It’s like a double
reed flute made of
a special type of
fruit tree. (5)
Какую культуру представляет данный предмет?
• Вероятно название
инструмента
происходит от
турецкого düdük.
• По другой версии,
название «дудук»
инструмент получил
за внешнее сходство
с дудкой, русским
народным
музыкальным
инструментом.
What culture can it belong to?
• It belongs to the
Armenian culture (5)
• It was used by the
peoples of Persia,
Middle East, Asia
Minor, the Balkans,
Caucasus, Crimea. (3)
Каково время появления данного предмета?
• Большинство ученых
склоны считать, что
история дудука
насчитывает более 2 –
3 тыс. лет. По
некоторым
исследованиям
полагается, что дудук
впервые упоминается
в письменностях
государства Урарту.
How old can it be?
(IX–VI вв. до н. э)
• It’s one of the oldest
instrument in the
world. (4)
• Its origin can be
traced back to before
the time of Christ.
(5)
• It was in the time of
the country of
Urartu. (5)
Почему у предмета такой цвет?
• Армянский дудук
традиционно
изготавливается из
особой породы
фруктового дерева,
который в конечном
результате имеет
естественный цвет
дерева или иногда
мастера используют
специальное покрытие,
чтобы сделать цвет
более насыщенным.
Why has it got this color?
• Because it’s made of a
special type of wood
and may be covered
with brown paint. (5)
Почему используется такая форма?
• Такая форма инструмента
образует звук в результате
вибрации двух
тростниковых пластин и
регулируется посредством
изменения давления
воздуха на язычок
инструмента, а также
закрывания-открывания
игровых отверстий. Этот
особый вид фруктового
дерево имеет свойство
резонировать. Отсюда
звуки дудука уникальны и
неповторимые.
Why is this shape used?
• To play a lovely
piece of music. (3)
• To create very
unique music
sounds. (5)
Что может символизировать данный предмет?
• Зачастую, при
прослушивании мелодий
дудука, возникает ощущение
единения с Божественным
началом, отречения от всего
земного. Мелодии дудука
чисты и естественны, в них
сокрыта сущность
мироздания. Известный
композитор Арам Хачатурян
однажды сказал, что дудук —
это единственный
инструмент, который
заставляет его заплакать.
What can the sounds of this object symbolize?
• They reflect the soul of
this nation. (5)
• the feelings as if you’re
a part of the universe (5)
• They convey all sorrows
and joy of Urartu
people. (4)
• They symbolize the link
with God (5)
Кто может использовать данный предмет?
Дживан
Гаспарян
• Бархатный, дрожащий
голос дудука
сопровождает сегодня
голливудские фильмы.
Для дудука пишут
музыку серьезные
композиторы.
• Музыканты любители учатся
играть на этом
уникальном
инструменте.
Function / Purpose
• Who can use it?
Dzhivan Gasparyan
• Only some gifted
musicians can use it to
play at concerts. (5)
• Some film producers
use this musical
instrument in their
famous blockbusters.
(5)
• Some amateur
(любитель) musicians
can use it (4)
Для чего используют данный предмет?
• Дудук сопровождает
народные песни и
танцы, а также
торжественные
случаи: свадьбы,
рождение ребенка,
юбилеи. Музыка
дудука также
исполняется и на
похоронных
церемониях.
Function / Purpose
• What is it used for?
• To play in solemn
occasions (5)
• To play with an
orchestra at concerts.
(5)
Имеет ли данный предмет более чем одну функцию?
• Дудук используется
только в качестве
музыкального
инструмента. Его можно
дарить как подарок,
который стоит немалых
денег.
• В 2005 году армянский
дудук был признан
шедевром Всемирного
нематериального
культурного наследия
ЮНЕСКО.
Does it have more than one function
• It can be used only
as a musical
instrument (5)
• It can be used as a
present to your dear
people (4)
• Today it’s a
masterpiece of the
world’s heritage (5)
Кто изготавливает этот предмет?
• Дудук, музыка
которого звучит в
голливудском фильме
или на мировой сцене,
может изготовить
только исключительно
мастер профессионал.
Construction/Manufacturing Techniques
• Who made it?
• Special old
Armenian
handicraftsmen
make it by hand
(5)
Из какого материала изготавливается дудук?
Сухое абрикосовое
дерево
• Армянский дудук
изготавливается
исключительно из
абрикосового дерева,
плоды которого впервые
были привезены в
Европу именно из
Армении. Абрикосовое
дерево обладает
уникальной
способностью
резонировать.
Construction/Manufacturing Techniques
• What is it made of?
• The process of
making is very
special and
difficult. They use
only an apricot
tree. (5)
Three more important but difficult questions
• Value
• Does the object have
monetary (), spiritual,
aesthetic (), sentimental
() or practical value?
• Does the object mean
different things to
different people?
• How does the object
reflect the person,
community, or culture
that used or made it?
Duduk music in Hollywood movies
Zena – the Queen
of Warrors
Duduk music in Hollywood movies
Gladiator
Homework
• Value
• Does the object have
monetary, spiritual,
aesthetic, sentimental
or practical value?
• Does the object mean
different things to
different people?
• How does the object
reflect the person,
community, or culture
that used or made it?