Transcript GLOBAL WARMING

Weather
Climate
Atmosphere conditions in a short period of time
Atmosphere conditions over a long period of time
read ALL of Chap. 21
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Symbols to know:
CO2 = carbon dioxide
O2 = oxygen
CH4 = methane (natural gas)
Glucose = sugar
Koppen Climate Zones / Factors
Carbon Cycle / Ocean Acidification
Greenhouse Effect / Greenhouse Gases
Albedo / Sea Ice & Land Ice (glaciers)
Climate Change / Global Warming
Effects & Evidence of Global Warming
Paleoclimate / Ice Core Samples
CARBON CYCLE
Atoms
Molecules
Element Carbon
Carbon Compounds
diamond (C)
graphite (C)
• ashes
• carbon dioxide (CO2)
• calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
• sugar / glucose (C6H12O6)
• organic compounds (fats, protein, etc)
• hydrocarbons (long chains of carbon & hydrogen)
• fossil fuels (gas, oil, coal) are hydrocarbons
Fun Facts about Carbon:
(you don’t have to know this)
Diamonds
Graphite
CARBON CYCLE
notes
CO2 gas (<1% of all gases), delicate balance
Atmosphere
Biosphere
Geosphere
Bill Nye, Cows & Methane video
Photosynthesis – plants (producers) take in CO2, make sugar (food), & give off O2
Respiration – living things (organisms) break down sugar (food) & give off CO2
organic decay – fungi & bacteria (decomposers) break down living remains & give off
CO2
Lithosphere - largest depository of carbon (in rocks), volcanoes release CO2, deposition
(into rock), weathering (into CO2 gas), carbon sediments buried over long periods can
become
fossil fuels (coal, oil)  burning them releases CO2
carbonic acid forms when CO2 of the atmosphere dissolves in water
Hydrosphere
pH scale: low number = 1 (acidic), 7 (neutral, H2O), high number = 14 (basic)
Ocean Acidification video
CARBON
CYCLE
CARBON CYCLE (review)
Term
1
Energy
2
Atmosphere
3
Photosynthesis
4
Respiration
5
Decomposers
6
Decay (Rotting)
7
Fossil Fuels
8
Deforestation
9
Combustion
10
Forest Fires
Definition
relation to the Carbon Cycle
Ocean Acidification
Yes, it dissolves coral reefs !
Greenhouse Effect
You already know what it is:
Sun’s energy passes
through the
windshield.
Don’t write this,
THINK about it !
Energy (heat) is
trapped inside the
car & cannot pass
back through the
windshield,
causing the warm
up.
Should I leave my dog
or baby in the car?
the
Greenhouse Effect
The natural warming of
Earth’s surface & lower
atmosphere due to
trapped heat energy.
What are the “other gases” that cause the
greenhouse effect?
Greenhouse Gases:
CO2 = carbon dioxide
Why is Venus the hottest planet in the solar system
even though Mercury is a lot closer to the Sun?
Hint: Venus has a very thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide (CO2)
Answer:
THINK ABOUT IT
the extra CO2 causes the greenhouse effect to be stronger by
trapping more heat
Venus has an average surface temperature hot enough to melt lead!
ALBEDO
ability of a surface to reflect light & heat energy back into the
atmosphere & space
Low
Medium
High
anything darker / black
anything middle spectrum /
green or brown
anything lighter color / white
rooftops, blacktops, darker
soils
plants, trees
ice, snow, glaciers, clouds
Urban Heat Island
Urban area that has a consistently higher temperature than the
surrounding rural areas due to the trapping of heat by
buildings, concrete, & asphalt.
Ways to reduce it:
• Tree cover / canopy
•
Green rooftops / rooftop gardens
• “Rubberized” Asphalt
• Permeable paving materials
Permeable pavers reduce the Urban Heat Island effect.
Ice Core Data
CO2 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica
Possible Aim/s:
a. How does global warming work?
b. What’s up with global warming?
c. How does carbon dioxide emission affect global warming?
Do Now:
Write at least three questions
about the diagram/picture.
GLOBAL WARMING
is the increase of the
Earth’s average
surface temperature
due to a build-up of
greenhouse gases in
the atmosphere.
CLIMATE CHANGE
is a broader term that
refers to long-term
changes in climate,
including average
temperature and
precipitation.
Clarifications:
Compare Global Changes:
Acid Precipitation
Ozone Depletion
Global Warming
caused by
caused by
caused by
Nitrogen & Sulfur Oxides
C.F.C.’s
(chlorofluorocarbons)
CO2 , H2O, & Methane
Effects of Global Warming
Rising Sea Level
Increased Temperature
Habitat Damage and
Species Affected
Changes in Water Supply
What’s the proof that global warming
is taking place?
Portage Glacier
• Alaska
1914
2004
Colorado River
• Arizona
June 2002
Dec 2003
Burning of Fossil Fuels
Pollution from coal,
natural gas, and oil
Global
Warming:
Shifting Gears
What’s being done now to
reduce our emissions?
Wind Power
Solar Power
Fuel-Efficiency
What can you do to help solve the
problem?
Simple Things To Do
Turn off your computer or the TV
when you’re not using it.
Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy.
Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or
curtains.
Turn off the lights when you leave a room.
Use compact fluorescent bulbs.
Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs
Incandescent
What’s the
difference?
Compact
Fluorescent
500 lbs. of
coal
•1,430 lbs. CO2 pollution avoided
•$30 saved
Simple Things To Do
Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up
the air conditioning. Or use a fan.
Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning
up the heat.
Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on
your AC and furnace clean.
Walk short distances instead of asking for a
ride in the car.
Plant a tree.
Recycle.
Phase 2- Activity
a. Designing and Constructing The Temperature Reader
b. Using the temperature reader in an experiment.
c. Fill out the worksheet as you perform the experiment.
Phase 3- Reflection, Feedback and Revision
Use the rubric to evaluate the temperature reader and
laboratory sheet. Then switch with other groups and let
them do the same. Revise the temperature reader and
lab worksheet as needed.