Transcript Slide 1

ENVIRONMENTALLY RESTORATIVE
ARCHITECTURE
OR
ARCHITECTURE… IS A DYING PROFESSION
Source: Paul Hawken
GREENHOUSE GASES NZ
• In the 1990s in NZ, CO2 produced for energy use
increased by 22%.
• Contrary to our ‘Clean, Green’ image, if the entire
world lived like New Zealand we would need 4
planets to sustain human life.
• Yet NZ has been ranked No: 1 in the world terms
of it’s environmental performance by the Pilot
2006 Environmental Performance Index (EPI).
MATERIALS
• 40% of the 7.5 billion tons of raw materials
annually extracted from the earth is used by the
building industry.
• The rate of timber deforestation has almost
doubled in the past 10 years.
• 25% of all timber harvested each year is used for
construction.
• Buildings consume 40% of the world’s energy
consumption and produce 40% of the sulphur
dioxide and nitrogen dioxide that causes smog
and acid rain
WASTE
• New Zealand currently land fills sufficient waste to
fill the Westpac Stadium 3 times over per year.
• New Zealand has signed the Kyoto Protocol but
we have yet to meet any of the targets set
including waste reduction.
• As long as we regard waste as being taken
“away” we will not solve this issue. In nature
Waste = Food and we need to embrace that
thinking.
POPULATION
• In 1900, there were approximately 0.5 billion
people on this planet.
• In 2006, there are approximately 6 billion people
on this planet. That is a 12-fold increase.
• 1 billion of those use approximately 80% of the
world’s energy
• It is estimated we will build more buildings in the
next 50 years than we have in last 500 years.
CLIMATE CHANGE
• Climate change is not a threat, but a scientifically
agreed reality.
• The damage done to date may take hundreds of
years to repair.
• Ignoring our impact on the environment will not
make the issue go away.
• Climate change will be the first natural disaster
which man-kind knew was coming.
POPULATION
IN SHORT,
OUR IMPACT
ON THE
PLANET IS
NOW FAR
GREATER
THAN AT ANY
TIME IN
HISTORY
ENERGY EFFICIENT
• Low energy design strategies
are normally assessed by their
payback period i.e. the length of
time it takes to pay back the
cost of the low energy design
• computer energy modelling
allows payback periods to be
estimated with reasonable
accuracy
ENVIRONMENT CANTERBURY HQ
“Our present age of information and ecology suggests an architecture of
less substance and more information, less exclusion and more inclusion,
less objectification and more fragmentation, less Euro-centrism and more
cultural diversity.” – Source: James Wine
• Today mechanical engineers
can thermally model the design
of a building
ENVIRONMENT CANTERBURY
LOW ENERGY STRATEGIES ARE NOT ALWAYS MORE EXPENSIVE
PARAPARAUMU LIBRARY
ESPECIALLY THE LONGER THE BUILDING IS USED BY OWNER
HEALTHY BUILDINGS
• High levels of natural ventilation
to improve internal air quality
• High levels of day lighting
throughout the plan
• Good user controls to allow
users control over their
environment
• Low toxicity materials to
improve indoor air quality
GLEN EDEN LIBRARY
MATERIAL SELECTION
• Specify sustainable sourced
timber (via FSC)
• Avoid the use of
environmentally damaging
materials –PVC etc
• Support the NZ Environmental
Choice labelling scheme
• Use durable materials and
minimise paint finishes
• Note companies that are
making an effort i.e. Interface,
Resene
• Use locally manufactured
products
ALFRISTON COLLEGE
• Use recycled materials or
materials with recycled content
WASTE MINIMISATION
• Waste = Food
• Design using 100% recycled
products e.g. carpets, fabrics,
insulation, concrete
• Provide space for waste
separation, waste recycling,
waste storage
• Waste mining
RICCARTON LIBRARY
WATER USE
• Low water use plumbing fittings
• Low water use equipment
• Rainwater collection and reuse
• Solar water heating
• Disconnection from potable
water supply for all nondrinkable water.
• Water as a coolant and heat
sump
SOUTH CHRISTCHURCH LIBRARY
• Water filtered and treated on
site prior to discharge into
public stormwater system
SITE ECOLOGY
• Maximise biodiversity
• Retain valuable existing
landscape and mature
vegetation
• Use of local indigenous planting
• Stormwater management
reducing erosion, flooding and
loss of habitats
• Filter all stormwater on site for
re-use within the buildings and
landscape
WHANGAPARAOA LIBRARY
• Maximise site location /
orientation to reduce energy
use
SOCIETY
• The act of building as practiced
at present is the ultimate violent
act, producing vast amounts of
toxins, waste and on-going
damage to the environment.
• Buildings should be sources of
pride, of joy, rejuvenating the
social and built fabric not just for
humans but for the environment
and the future generations to
come.
• Life is right, and the architect is
wrong.
“Virtually no form of shelter constructed today can be credited as
authentically green. Everything that technologically dependent societies
assume is essential for survival as plugged into the same diminishing
sources or power.” – James Wines
• Architects and the building
professions can change and be
a source of inspiration in this
Age of Ecology.
WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN?
The benefits of sustainable design strategies
can be categorised into three groups
•
Future proofing:
– Durability and flexibility
– Future energy targets
– Future health demand
•
Political / marketing:
– Bragging rights
– Brand loyalty
•
Financial:
– Running costs – financially small,
environmentally huge
– Staff costs – financially huge savings
WHAT DOES SUSTAINABLE
BUILDING MEAN FOR THE
FUTURE?
• New ways of thinking about how
buildings operate and are
designed. A whole new series of
design opportunities
• New buildings which have a
beneficial / positive effect on the
environment.
This is…
…AN ARCHITECTURE which is:
• 100% self sufficient in power- in
fact producing energy.
• 100% self sufficient in hot
water supply
• 100% self sufficient in potable
water – in fact producing more
water than it needs
• 100% free of toxins, VOCs and
other irritants.
• Naturally lit, non air-conditioned
• All materials 100% demountable
and recyclable.
Mobbs House: Sydney, Australia
WHY?
After 11,000 years if building to protect
ourselves from the environment, the
delicate environment must now be
protected from us.
- Source: Dr Joseph Billelo, Ball State University
Source: Mum and Dad
WHY?
• We have no choice
• We want to create a viable future for
the next generations
• It is a win-win scenario
• It will lead to wealthier and healthier
communities and environments
What will you tell your grandchildren you did
at the beginning of the 21st Century?
- Dr Joseph Billelo, AIA
HOW?
Changing the mindset
from this:
to this:
economic
social
strategy
strategy
economic
social
environment
environment
- Source: Dr Peter Cole, University of British Columbia
THE RESULT
Buildings as nett generators of energy, manufactured from waste materials and
which improve the environment around them
We call it a new ‘ERA’ – Environmentally Restorative Architecture