Transcript Static Electricity - Science PowerPoints

• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter,
Energy and the Environment entire unit .
• This unit includes…
• Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint
• 14 Page bundled homework package and 20
pages of units notes that chronologically follow
the PowerPoint
• 17 worksheets that follow unit.
• 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ video and
academic links, rubrics, games, activity sheets,
and more.
– http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.ht
ml
Purchase the entire four curriculum, 35,000 slides,
hundreds of pages of homework, lesson notes,
review games, and much more.
• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html
Please feel free to contact me with any questions
you may have. Thanks again for your interest in
this curriculum.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
[email protected]
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations
when appropriate.
-Example of indent.
-Skip a line between topics
-Don’t skip pages
-Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label.
T
Gas
E
M
P
Boiling
Melting
Water
Ice
Heat Added 
Vapor
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
“Hoot, Hoot”
“Good Luck!”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus, Electricity and
Magnetism
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What would life be like without electricity?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Much different than it is for most of us.
• Much different than it is for most of us.
• Does somebody want to try and define the
word electricity?
• There is no single definition called
"electricity."
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There is no single definition called
"electricity."
• ELECTRICITY DOES NOT EXIST
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electricity is a variety of independent
science concepts all with one single name.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• These are the questions and definitions we need to know
to generate a definition for electricity?
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
What is electric charge?
What is electrical energy?
What are electrons
What is electric current?
What is an imbalance of charge?
What is an electric field?
What is voltage?
What is electric power?
What is a spark?
What is electromagnetism?
What is electrical science?
What is electrodynamics?
What is electrostatics?
What are electrical phenomena?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• These are the questions and definitions we need to know
to generate a definition for electricity?
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
What is electric charge?
What is electrical energy?
What are electrons
What is electric current?
What is an imbalance of charge?
What is an electric field?
What is voltage?
What is electric power?
What is a spark?
What is electromagnetism?
What is electrical science?
What is electrodynamics?
What is electrostatics?
What are electrical phenomena?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Electricity is related to charges, and both
electrons (-) and protons (+) carry a
charge.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• We will skip most of the atomic information.
– We will examine circuits and static charges for
this unit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged
• Their charges are about equal
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged
• Add Electrons – Atom becomes more
negatively charged.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electrons are negatively charged
• Protons (nucleus) are positively charged
• Take away (strip) electrons then the atom
becomes more positively charged.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Annoying Tape.
– Teacher gives each student 2 long pieces (10
centimeters each) strips of clear tape.
• Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount
tape on itself.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Annoying Tape.
– Teacher gives each student 2 long pieces (10
centimeters each) strips of clear tape.
• Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount
tape on itself.
– Stick one piece of tape to table.
– Stick the other piece of tape on that tape.
– Quickly pull tape from table and then apart.
– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets
close to each other and then eventually your
arm.
• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape
from your hand and not picking.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Annoying Tape.
– Teacher gives each student 2 long pieces (10
centimeters each) strips of clear tape.
• Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount
tape on itself.
– Stick one piece of tape to table.
– Stick the other piece of tape on that tape.
– Quickly pull tape from table and then apart.
– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets
close to each other and then eventually your
arm.
• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape
from your hand and not picking.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What happened!
• What happened!
– When you removed the tape from the table you
gave it an electrical charge. When you peeled
the tape apart from each other, one piece of
tape gained more of a charge than the other.
• What happened!
– When you removed the tape from the table you
gave it an electrical charge. When you peeled
the tape apart from each other, one piece of
tape gained more of a charge than the other.
• Opposite charges attract (+)
(-)
• Annoying Tape.
– Teacher gives each student 2 long pieces (10
centimeters each) strips of clear tape.
• Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount
tape on itself.
– Stick both pieces of tape to table.
– Quickly pull tape from table.
– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets
close to each other and then eventually your
arm.
• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape
from your hand and not picking.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Annoying Tape.
– Teacher gives each student 2 long pieces (10
centimeters each) strips of clear tape.
• Make non-stick handles by folding a small amount
tape on itself.
– Stick both pieces of tape to table.
– Quickly pull tape from table.
– Observe what happens to the tape when it gets
close to each other and then eventually your
arm.
• Try and dispose of in trash barrel by shaking the tape
from your hand and not picking.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What happened?
• What happened?
– Each piece of tape gained a negative charge
when removed from the table. When they were
brought close together they moved away from
each other.
• What happened?
– Each piece of tape gained a negative charge
when removed from the table. When they were
brought close together they moved away from
each other.
• Like charges repel. (-)
(-)
• Life occurs because of electrostatic charges.
• Life occurs because of electrostatic charges.
• Without them, life would simple unravel.
• Life occurs because of electrostatic charges.
• Without them, life would simple unravel.
Electricity. Learn more at…
http://science.howstuffworks.com/electri
city.htm
• Electricity Available Sheet

Lightning is a big spark that occurs when
electrons move from one place to another
very quickly because of the unequal
distribution of electrons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electricity Available Sheet
• Electricity Available Sheet

Electric Fields: The funky area near any
electrically-charged object.
 Replace
electrostatic for funky.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Electric Fields: The funky area near any
electrically-charged object.
 Replace
electrostatic for funky.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Electric Fields: The funky area near any
electrically-charged object.
 Replace
electrostatic for funky.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Visit a magnetic field simulator.
http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/mag
nets-and-electromagnets
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Opposite charges attract.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Opposite charges attract.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Same forces repel.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The Same forces repel.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: They are both wrong.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: They are both wrong.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: They are both wrong.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: They are both wrong.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: They are both wrong.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: They are both wrong.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which one is right and which is wrong?
• Answer: Now they’re both right.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity Simulation. Magnetic Field Hockey
• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/electr
ic-hockey
Reminder to teacher to reset
the arrows!
• Magnet: An object that is surrounded by a
magnetic field and that has the property,
either natural or induced, of attracting iron or
steel.
• Magnet: An object that is surrounded by a
magnetic field and that has the property,
either natural or induced, of attracting iron or
steel.
• Magnet: An object that is surrounded by a
magnetic field and that has the property,
either natural or induced, of attracting iron or
steel.
• Activity! Fun with Magnets for 2:39
seconds then we are moving on.
– The class can earn additional “play time” with
good behavior.
• Activity! Fun with Magnets for 2:39
seconds then we are moving on.
– The class can earn additional “play time” with
good behavior.
• Ferrofluids Video Link! (Optional)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kL8R8SfuXp
8&feature=related
• Activity. The Fonz
– Try and pick up paper hole punches with a
plastic comb.
– Next run the comb through your hair and over
your clothes to collect a charge.
– Try again. What happened?

Static Electricity: The imbalance of positive
and negative charges.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity Simulation. John Travoltage.
• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/trav
oltage Static Charge
• Activity- Bad Hair Day Demonstration.
– Rub balloon all around your head.
– Question: Why does this happen?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer!
– Electrons from your body move into the balloon.
– This gives you a positive charge.
– Your hair is also positive.
– Like charges repel so hair tries to get away from
body.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer!
– Electrons from your body move into the balloon.
– This gives you a positive charge.
– Your hair is also positive.
– Like charges repel so hair tries to get away from
body.
?+
+
?
+
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer!
– Electrons from your body move into the balloon.
– This gives you a positive charge.
– Your hair is also positive.
– Like charges repel so hair tries to get away from
body.
?+
?
+
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer!
– Electrons from your body move into the balloon.
– This gives you a positive charge.
– Your hair is also positive.
– Like charges repel so hair tries to get away from
body.
+
+
+
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electricity Available Sheet
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.
– How are they behaving now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.
– How are they behaving now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.
– How are they behaving now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.
– How are they behaving now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.
– How are they behaving now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration - Static Electricity
– Observe two balloons without a build up of a
charge.
– Now rub balloons on head / clothes.
– How are they behaving now?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Static Balloons
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Static Balloons
– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Static Balloons
– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.
– Write name on it with soft pen.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Static Balloons
– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.
– Write name on it with soft pen.
– Rub balloon against hair and quickly stick to wall
(everyone together).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Static Balloons
– Blow up a balloon and tie it off.
– Write name on it with soft pen.
– Rub balloon against hair and quickly stick to wall
(everyone together).
– Observe what happens, Whose balloon will last the
longest?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer to wall sticking balloon.
• Answer to wall sticking balloon.
– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.
• Answer to wall sticking balloon.
– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.
– Balloon has slight negative charge.
• Answer to wall sticking balloon.
– Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.
– Balloon has slight negative charge.
– The atoms orient and wall has slight positive charge.
• Answer to wall sticking balloon.
–
–
–
–
Electrons from hair are removed and put into balloon.
Balloon has slight negative charge.
The atoms orient and wall has slight positive charge.
Opposite charges attract and balloon sticks.
• Activity Simulator. Balloons Explained
• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/ballo
ons
• We usually only
notice static
electricity in the
winter when the air
is very dry.
• We usually only
notice static
electricity in the
winter when the air
is very dry. During
the summer, the air
is more humid.
• We usually only
notice static
electricity in the
winter when the air
is very dry. During
the summer, the air
is more humid.
– The water in the air
helps electrons
move off you more
quickly, so you can’t
build up a large
static charge.
• Demonstration Static Electricity
• Set-up below and move balloon around cup.
• What happened? Balloon gained electrons
from rubbing (
• What happened? Balloon gained electrons
from rubbing (now more negative). The
match is neutral and is attracted to the
negative balloon.
– Balancing on coin reduces friction.
• What happened? Balloon gained electrons
from rubbing (now more negative). The
match is neutral and is attracted to the
negative balloon.
• What happened? Balloon gained electrons
from rubbing (now more negative). The
match is neutral and is attracted to the
negative balloon.
– Balancing on coin reduces friction.
• Electricity Available Sheet
• Activities Van de Graaff generator
• Please read safety and operation
precautions on this link.
– http://hypertextbook.com/eworld/vdg.shtml
• Activity: Van de Graaff Generator – Creates
unequal distribution of electrons.
– Describe two demonstrations in journal with a visual and
explanation.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity: Van de Graaff Generator – Creates
unequal distribution of electrons.
– Describe two demonstrations in journal with a visual and
explanation.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration
– Take top off of generator to see its inner
workings.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! How a Van de Graaff Generator works.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I2G0IdTWG
QU
• Tape a tack to the top of the generator.
– Can we hear the corona discharge.
Metal Thumbtack
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration 1 – Using the magic wand
and seeing the spark
Tinsel
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration 2: Packing peanuts.
– Put some packing peanuts in a plastic cup
and tape it to the top of the generator.
– Turn on the generator and away they go!
If you have a “demo”
wasp nest, the wasp
paper in pieces works
very well.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration 3 – Bad Hair day.
– One student to stand on plastic trash barrel.
– Put both hands on generator.
– Turn it on and hair should stand up on end.
• Demonstration 3 – Bad Hair day.
– One student to stand on plastic trash barrel.
– Put both hands on generator.
– Turn it on and hair should stand up on end.
• Demonstration 3 – Bad Hair day.
– One student to stand on plastic trash barrel.
– Put both hands on generator.
– Turn it on and hair should stand up on end.
• Demonstration 3 – Bad Hair day.
– One student to stand on plastic trash barrel.
– Put both hands on generator.
– Turn it on and hair should stand up on end.
• Demonstration 3 – Bad Hair day.
– One student to stand on plastic trash barrel.
– Put both hands on generator.
– Turn it on and hair should stand up on end.
• Demonstration 4:
– A small balloon attached to the generator by a
string taped to the globe will be charged to the
same sign as the globe of the generator.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Tape a bent paper clips that points out from
the generator. Look for ion beam (charged
winds).
– This beam can charge distant objects.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration 5: A fluorescent light.
• Bulb will light up if close to the generator.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Demonstration 6 – Smoke or chalk dust.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Other Demonstrations:
– Blow bubbles near the generator.
– Place aluminum pie plate on generator in
stack.
– Light a candle near generator to observe
electrical winds.
– Tape many long strips of tissue paper to
generator.
– Tie an aluminum can so it hangs just above
the generator.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! If you don’t have a Van de Graaff
Generator.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hh8PqQDOAb8
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
– Coulombs Law: The greater the charges, the
greater the force. The greater the distance
between them, the smaller the force.
• Coulombs Law: Any two charged objects will
create a force on each other. Opposite
charges will produce an attractive force while
similar charges will produce a repulsive
force.
– Coulombs Law: The greater the charges, the
greater the force. The greater the distance
between them, the smaller the force.

Coulombs Law:
 The
greater the charges, the greater the
force.

Coulombs Law:
 The
greater the charges, the greater the
force.

Coulombs Law:
 The
greater the charges, the greater the
force.
 The greater the distance between them, the
smaller the force.
• Electricity Available Sheet
• If your car gets struck by lightning in a
thunderstorm, will you be safe. Why?
• If your car gets struck by lightning in a
thunderstorm, will you be safe. Why?
• If your car gets struck by lightning in a
thunderstorm, will you be safe. Why?
• If your car gets struck by lightning in a
thunderstorm, will you be safe. Why? Yes
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage.
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage. The charged particles travel around
the outside of the car and into the ground.
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage. The charged particles travel around
the outside of the car and into the ground.
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage. The charged particles travel around
the outside of the car and into the ground.
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage. The charged particles travel around
the outside of the car and into the ground.
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage. The charged particles travel around
the outside of the car and into the ground.
• Answer: You will be safe because your
cars metal chassis acts like a Faraday
Cage. The charged particles travel around
the outside of the car and into the ground.
• A Faraday cage is a
metallic enclosure that
prevents the entry or
escape of an
electromagnetic field.
• A Faraday cage is a
metallic enclosure that
prevents the entry or
escape of an
electromagnetic field.
– For best performance,
the cage should be
directly connected to
an earth ground.
• A Faraday cage is a
metallic enclosure that
prevents the entry or
escape of an
electromagnetic field.
– For best performance,
That should
person would
the cage
be be
dead
without that
directly
connected
to
Faraday
cage.
an earth
ground.
• Video Link. Human Faraday Cage.
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fyko81
WAvvQ
• Optional Activity! Teacher to make a
Faraday Cage wallet.
– Does a student have a cell phone that we can
place in the wallet and call?
• Why won’t it ring?...Hopefully.
• http://howto.wired.com/wiki/Make_a_Faraday_Cag
e_Wallet
• Optional Activity! Teacher to make a
Faraday Cage wallet.
– Does a student have a cell phone that we can
place in the wallet and call?
• Why won’t it ring?...Hopefully.
• http://howto.wired.com/wiki/Make_a_Faraday_Cag
e_Wallet
• Optional Activity! Teacher to make a
Faraday Cage wallet.
– Does a student have a cell phone that we can
place in the wallet and call?
• Why won’t it ring?...Hopefully.
• http://howto.wired.com/wiki/Make_a_Faraday_Cag
e_Wallet
• Optional Activity! Teacher to make a
Faraday Cage wallet.
– Does a student have a cell phone that we can
place in the wallet and call?
• Why won’t it ring?...Hopefully.
• http://howto.wired.com/wiki/Make_a_Faraday_Cag
e_Wallet
• Optional Activity! Teacher to make a
Faraday Cage wallet.
– Does a student have a cell phone that we can
place in the wallet and call?
• Why won’t it ring?...Hopefully.
• http://howto.wired.com/wiki/Make_a_Faraday_Cag
e_Wallet

Current: A flow of electrons, or individual
negative charges.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The electrons have a mass (however small),
and when they move through the conductor,
there are collisions that produce heat.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Don’t over connect outlets because they
could short circuit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Electricity Available Sheet

Conductors, Insulators, Semi-conductors:
How easily energy is transferred through
the object by the moving charge.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Conductor: Electrons flow easily, semi
flows in the middle.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Semi-conductor: Conductivity between
conductor and insulator (electronics use).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity (Optional) Conductors using a
conductivity meter.
– Find one conductor and one insulator by roving
around the classroom for one minute or looking
on your person.
– Test with conductivity meter.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Insulator: Electrons do not flow easily.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity Simulator Link: Semi-Conductors
• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/sem
iconductor
• Electricity Available Sheet

There are two main kinds of electric current,
direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

There are two main kinds of electric current,
direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

There are two main kinds of electric current,
direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

There are two main kinds of electric current,
direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

(DC) Direct Current is a flow of charge
always in one direction.
 (Batteries)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

(AC) - Alternating Current is a flow of charge
back and forth, changing its direction many
times in one second.
 (Plugs
and outlets / household)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Advantages of AC
– Voltage can be raised or lowered
– More efficient over long distances
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Advantages of AC
– Voltage can be raised or lowered.
– More efficient over long distances
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Advantages of AC
– Voltage can be raised or lowered.
– More efficient over long distances.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Rockin Quiz!
– This is your chance to rock it out in science class so
don’t just sit there. At least rock your head or tap your
desk etc.
– After some intro slides, teacher will call on a student
to rock it out on their way to the board.
– Student goes to board and touches the picture that
represents AC or DC on the AC/DC logo (If using a
screen just point and drum the air).
– Student will then pick a new student to go to the
board as the teacher changes the slide.
– Thunderstruck video (For the music during quiz and I
didn’t see anything inappropriate ).
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2AC41dglnM
Thunderstruck - Play Now!
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v2AC41dglnM
“DC”
“Its one way!”
“AC”
“It Alternates!”
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Is this (AC) Alternating Current, or (DC)
Direct Current?
• Where do you find this strange device?
– What does it do?
• An electric meter or energy meter is a device
that measures the amount of electrical
energy consumed by a residence, business,
or an electrically powered device.
• Video Link! Reading your meter at home.
• Optional:
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2ogwitaAh4
Using a Multimeter http://www.doctronics.co.uk/meter.htm

Volt: A measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.

Ampere: A measure of how much current
moves through a wire in one second.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Ampere: A measure of how much current
moves through a wire in one second.
– Basically, the larger the size of wire, the greater
the ampere capacity.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Where do your see these plugs?
– Why are they larger?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer: The Plug to a dryer or stove is
much thicker than a standard outlet to
account for extra amps.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer: The Plug to a dryer or stove is
much thicker than a standard outlet to
account for extra amps.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Watt: The amount of electricity consumed
per second.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A Watt is calculated by multiplying volts times
amps. Most household electrical usage is
billed in kilowatt hours, or the amount of hours
times 1,000 watts.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment…
– How many watts does it require?
• Raise your hand if you have no clue because
you weren’t paying attention for that black
slide that discussed what a Watt was?
• Raise your hand if you have no clue because
you weren’t paying attention for that black
slide that discussed what a Watt was?
• Electricity Available Sheet
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Watts is a measurement of electrical power
created.
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Watts is a measurement of electrical power
created.
– 1 watt is equal to one joule of energy per second.
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Watts is a measurement of electrical power
created.
– 1 watt is equal to one joule of energy per second.
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Watts is a measurement of electrical power
created.
– 1 watt is equal to one joule of energy per second.
Crazy things about to happen.
Which is the correct description of Watts?
Which is the correct description of Watts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under
which
electricity
flows
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
Which is the correct description of Watts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under
which
electricity
flows
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
Which is the correct description of Amps?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under
which
electricity
flows
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
Which is the correct description of Amps?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under
which
electricity
flows
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
Which is the correct description of Volts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under
which
electricity
flows
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
Which is the correct description of Volts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under
which
electricity
flows
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Watts is a measurement of electrical power
created.
– 1 watt is equal to one joule of energy per second.
• Volts are a measure of the force or pressure
under which electricity flows.
• Amps are a measurement of the current flow
rate of electrons
• .
• Watts is a measurement of electrical power
created.
– 1 watt is equal to one joule of energy per second.
Which is the correct description of Amps?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under which
electricity
flows
Which is the correct description of Amps?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under which
electricity
flows
Which is the correct description of Volts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under which
electricity
flows
Which is the correct description of Volts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under which
electricity
flows
Which is the correct description of Watts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under which
electricity
flows
Which is the correct description of Watts?
This is a
measurement
of electrical
power
created.
This is a
measurement
of the current
flow rate of
electrons
This is a
measure of
the force or
pressure
under which
electricity
flows
atts
atts
atts
olts
atts
olts
atts
olts
mps
atts
olts
mps
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Watts?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Watts?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Watts?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Amps?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Amps?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Amps?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Volts?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Volts?
atts
olts
mps
How do you
find Volts?
atts
olts
mps
• Please complete these questions on the
available sheet.
• A Watt is calculated by multiplying volts times
amps. Most household electrical usage is
billed in kilowatt hours, or the amount of hours
times 1,000 watts.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• A Watt is calculated by multiplying volts times
amps. Most household electrical usage is
billed in kilowatt hours, or the amount of hours
times 1,000 watts.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment…
– How many watts does it require?
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment…
– How many watts does it require?
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment…
– How many watts does it require?
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment
– How many watts does it require?
– Watts = Volts x Amps
– Watts = 120v x 2.5amps = 300 Watts
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment
– How many watts does it require?
– Watts = Volts x Amps
– Watts = 120v x 2.5amps = 300 Watts
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment
– How many watts does it require?
– Watts = Volts x Amps
– Watts = 120v x 2.5amps =
• Question? We have a small computer server
with a sticker that shows 2.5 amps. Given a
normal 120 Volt, 60 hz power source and the
ampere reading from equipment
– How many watts does it require?
– Watts = Volts x Amps
– Watts = 120v x 2.5amps = 300 Watts
• You can now provide text in the white
space and then neatly color the following.
Lunch
Free
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Free
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Thing
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Electricity and Magnetism Review Game IV
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Matter,
Energy and the Environment entire unit .
• This unit includes…
• Four Part 3,500+ Slide PowerPoint
• 14 Page bundled homework package and 20
pages of units notes that chronologically follow
the PowerPoint
• 17 worksheets that follow unit.
• 3 PowerPoint review games, 29+ video and
academic links, rubrics, games, activity sheets,
and more.
– http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.ht
ml
Purchase the entire four curriculum, 35,000 slides,
hundreds of pages of homework, lesson notes,
review games, and much more.
• http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html
Please feel free to contact me with any questions
you may have. Thanks again for your interest in
this curriculum.
Sincerely,
Ryan Murphy M.Ed
[email protected]