Transcript Slide 1

COMMISSION 1
AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES
KEY QUESTIONS:
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What are the likely impacts of Climate Change on the
Sector?
What types of mitigation and adaptation means are
available to manage the impacts of Climate Change in this
sector?
How can we make the sector sustainable?
How can this sector contribute to job creation and green
economy?
What types of finance does this need?
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KEY QUESTION 1: What are the likely impacts of Climate
Change on the Sector?
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The Unstable weather patterns, reducing food security
Affect export/import of agricultural products
Drought spells during summer season
Diminishing water resources, both quantity and quality
Shortage of certain types of food
High food prices
Extinction of plant/animal species (impacting on
livelihoods)
Drier water tables (decline of underground water)
Famine (people dying)
Floods destroying agriculture
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KEY QUESTION 1: What are the likely impacts of Climate
Change on the Sector? Cont…
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Declining agricultural land potential and soil erosion
Prevalence of invasive species
Effect on the marine species
Job losses
Heat waves destroying agriculture
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KEY QUESTION 2: What types of mitigation and adaptation
means are available to manage the impact of Climate Change in
this sector?
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Rainwater harvesting and water re-use
Rehabilitation of ecosystems
Proper legal framework
Hydroponics and tunnel farming
Control invasive species and promote indigenous
species
Promote climate change education in communities
Proper land use and management
Efficient use of energy
Clean river systems
Plant at the right time, given climate change
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KEY QUESTION 2: What types of mitigation and adaptation
means are available to manage the impact of Climate Change in
this sector? Cont…
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Proper usage of pesticides/herbicides
Better usage of IT
Train young people
Re-use and recycle
Identify GHG sources
Develop animal feed that suppresses methane gases
Breed drought tolerant plant species
Usage of indigenous knowledge
Alternative tolerant species
Holistic water resources management
Efficient water use
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KEY QUESTION 2: What types of mitigation and adaptation
means are available to manage the impact of Climate Change in
this sector? Cont…
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Expand dry land cropping
Avoid non-essential burning of fires – regulation
Promote cleaner technology
Manage exploitation of resources
Expansion of game parks
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KEY QUESTION 3: How can we make the sector sustainable?
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Promote composting
Leveraging among sectors and between government
and private sector
Climate smart agriculture – enhanced production
Zoning and effective land use at local level
Rehabilitation of resources while creating jobs
Improve education within the sector
Fencing for animals
Organic farming
Early training of youth and awareness programme for
all
Improve irrigation efficiency
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KEY QUESTION 3: How can we make the sector sustainable?
Cont…
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Water re-use
Punitive measures (financial) for non-compliance, and
re-invest the revenue
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KEY QUESTION 4: How can this sector contribute to job
creation and green economy?
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Co-ordinate the like-minded people for leveraging and
job creation
Create co-ops, and get people to produce food
themselves
Create markets for the people to sell their produce
Donga rehabilitation
Eradication of invasive species
Get private sector to fund some initiatives and create
jobs for youth
River clean-up and educate communities
Collect pollution from ships
Be “energy wise” only use fuel for critical operations
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KEY QUESTION 4: How can this sector contribute to job
creation and green economy? Cont…
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Support only initiatives aimed at sustainable
development
Policy that protects agricultural land
Promote eco-tourism
Conduct research and development
Promote permaculture
Payment for ecosystem services
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KEY QUESTION 5: What types of finance does this need?
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Money to establish nurseries
Increase the agriculture budget to ensure food security
Specific well-defined initiatives that are possible to fund
Integration of budget for better impact
Also consider other support needs other than financial
needs
Revenue from “Environmental pollution” to fund good
initiatives
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COMMISSION 2
HEALTH AND WELFARE
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Itemise the likely impact of climate change on this
sector
Extreme weather events
Environmental hazards
Malnutrition (see graph on next slide)
Infectious diseases
Vector borne (malaria, dengue)
Water borne (see slide)
Food borne
Sexually transmitted infections (due to social disruption)
Mental health (post traumatic stress)
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Trends in Malnutrition
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Trends in diarrhoea incidence
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Mitigation & adaptation means to manage climate
change?
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Mitigation & adaptation means to manage climate
change?
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Mitigation & adaptation means to manage climate
change?
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How can this sector make its operations and use of
resources more sustainable?
Systems strengthening – evidence based planning, outcomes
based monitoring and appropriate research
Integration of climate change into sector plans (include in
Provincial Programme of Action)
Food security costs of water for gardens (look at water harvesting
– rain & grey water) – 1 house, 1 garden, 1 drum. Availability of
seeds at point of need. All clinics, schools, hospitals etc. to have a
garden.
Participation of children in climate change discussions
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How can this sector make its operations and use of
resources more sustainable?
Reinforce traditional practices in communities to sustain the
environment e.g. firebreaks; composting; selective cutting down of
trees
Vector control
Vigorous monitoring of disease trends
Early Warning System for epidemics
Disaster Management and Emergency Services
Operation Sukuma Sakhe – engagement of NGOs, CBOs & FBOs
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Contribution to the greening economy in terms of
employment
Hospitals provide recycling bins so that unemployed persons
could be trained to recycle – income generation project– Pilot by
March 2012
Funding be provided for research and development
Improve medical waste disposal methods
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Finances & Technology
Finance required to support NGOs, CBOs etc
Climate change needs to be properly funded if it is to be
successfully implemented e.g. solar water geysers in our clinics,
thermometers without mercury etc.
Video & teleconferencing to be used by all government
departments (by end of 2012/13)
Use of Cellphone technology for adherence, support, reminders &
health promotion messages
Funding be provided for research and development to enable
government to influence research agenda (includes improved
medical waste disposal methods: 2012/13)
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COMMISSION 3
INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORT
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Itemize the likely impacts of climate change in this
sector
Planning
Inefficient layouts
Inefficiency / orientation of buildings
Planning for big infrastructure- the cost of maintenance to be factored
Erosion
loss of topsoil due to construction
Social and economic factors
Dependency on social net especially disaster victims post disaster
Tariffs resulting from cost impacting on the poor
Cost of replacements/re-investments [after roads washed away in flooding]
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What type of mitigation and adaptation means are available
to manage impacts of climate change in this sector?
MITIGATION NEASURES
Planning and Design
Policy and strategy
All professional disciplines to be used to give professional opinion at design stage
Ensure that the designs are in line with the green build infrastructure principles
Engage in research, look at innovative and best practice models locally and
internationally
Capacity around green building design principles
[ engage Green Building Council of SA]
Energy saving
Solar energy
Passive solar
Use of alternative materials – locally sourced
Use of durable materials
Water recycling
Water harvesting
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What type of mitigation and adaptation means are available
to manage impacts of climate change in this sector?
Greening to be integrated to development – both residential and
commercial/industrial etc.
Model it to localities
Planting correct plants according to area and locality
Day light savings programme
IEC – inform, educate , communicate – awareness is the key
Review by-laws and legislation
Enforce compliance with green principles
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How can this sector make its
resources more sustainable
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operations and use
Efficient driving campaign and vehicle management.
Planting green lungs along the major transportation routes.
Rail infrastructure to be improved [ rehabilitate and improve
efficiencies on rail ] to reduce the number of trucks [ to look at
legislation of use of individual transport vs public transportGautrain]
Research and international best practices on alternative fuel
and draw from best practices
Promote awareness both on climate change and funding
available for green programmes
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How can this sector contribute to the green economy
through job creation?
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Use labour intensive methods-Employment and involvement of
communities in house and road construction and maintenance
Factor in maintenance – continued employment of communities
Recycling can be labour intensive
Construction and greening to be integrated and have an
element of job creation – treepreneurs, wastepreneurs…
Alternative transportation system- bicycles [ non-motorized
transport]
Use of local labour to construct alternate construction materials
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Use labour intensive methods-Employment and involvement of
communities in house and road construction and maintenance
Factor in maintenance – continued employment of communities
Recycling can be labour intensive
Construction and greening to be integrated and have an element
of job creation – treepreneurs, wastepreneurs…
Alternative transportation system- bicycles [ non-motorized
transport]
Use of local labour to construct alternate construction materials
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What type of finances does this need?
Source funding available for climate change projects -Information
on accessing funding for these initiatives to be made available
AND accessible[ TIK ZN]
Condition for maintenance budget to contribute to green build
design
Action plan to be drawn and costed
Banks to be engaged about providing funding/finance for green
infrastructure entrepreneurs
Incentives (grading, rating, points?) for companies etc. who follow
green principles in infrastructure development and construction of
buildings
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COMMISSION 4
Industry: Mining, Commerce and manufacturing
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Focal Point: Achievement of a Low Carbon Economy
Refers to an economy that has minimal output of green house gas emissions into the
biosphere , the most important gas been carbon dioxide. To achieve a low carbon
economy it involves adopting a low carbon policy in all spheres of the economy. The
following are areas where this can be achieved:
Resolution
Research is required on the key learnings from other countries in order
to ensure success
Enhance the ability of NOs to support industry in achieving a low carbon
economy (for example recycled packaging by industry and support
informal traders ability to collect wastes that can be recycled)
Industry should be incentivised through financial support and recognition
of achievements
Full externality costs must be disclosed in Annual Reports
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Focal Point: Reducing Carbon Footprint
This is a measure of the impact our activities have on the environment, and in particular climate
change. It relates to the amount of greenhouse gases produced in our day to day lives through
burning fossil fuels for electricity, heating and transportation etc.
Resolution
The National Department of Environmental Affairs has determined the current carbon footprint
and the projectory thereof including the targeted levels based on policy interventions as
contained in the white paper. Industry must commit to engaging on these targets in terms of
what is achievable whilst ensuring end target is achieved. There is a need to engage on specific
targets for various pollutants and industries rather than have a blanket approach in the
legislation. Unanimous agreement on the principle of Polluters to pay for their actions
Critical to have appropriate Carbon reporting system which would include mandatory reporting
by all.
Incentives should be developed to encourage participants to reach the targets sooner eg
recognition of the investment made by industries
Industry needs to commit to increase their productive efficiencies thereby reducing the amount
of gaseous emissions, create opportunity in the recyling of waste and reduce amount of waste
disposed of.
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Focal Point: Carbon Neutrality
Occurs where our actions remove as much carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as we put in.
One mechanism is to buy carbon offsets, which are emission reduction credits from another
organisation's project which has resulted in less carbon dioxide being emitted into the
atmosphere.
Eg wind energy companies sell carbon offsets and benefit through this additional income making
such a projects more economically viable
Resolution:
KZN should look at becoming a producer/supplier of carbon credits, thereby encouraging
efficient production.
Companies should be also informed of the availability of such carbon credits eg global exchange
to be engaged to establish a relationship with Chambers and the provincial government.
Companies should commit to a concrete plan of action on terms of reducing emissions
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Focal Point: Environmental Externality Costs
"external costs exist where the private calculation of benefits or costs differs from society's valuation of
benefits or costs". For example pollution represents an external cost because damages associated with it are
borne by the society as a while and are not reflected in market transactions
This focal point also touched on the issue of the Tripple Bottom Line
defined as “true sustainable development in business must not only consider the financial bottom line but also
the bottom line such as environmental quality and social equity. This approach represents a level of
interdisciplinary thinking that is vital to tackle the complex and varied environmental problem that exists today.”
Resolution:
Research to be undertaken to assess the costs of externalities or develop a model which could reasonable
estimate the same. All parties to engage on the findings of the research and its recommendations – to be
referred to the Economic Council.
Thereafter, clear commitments to firstly disclose such externality costs and to include such in their annual
reports as required by King III report, secondly reducing such costs and thirdly, industry should also show their
commitment to agreeing on a penalty system the form of which is to be determined.
It was further recommended that the reporting requirements should be legislated to ensure compliance by all
parties.
In the discussions it was noted that an agency “National Clean up Production Centre” funded through
Department of Trade and Industry, supports industry in determining their carbon footprint and how this can be
reduced. This further strengthens the needs for the exchange of information in respect of the green economy.
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Focal Point: Opportunities in unlocking the green economy
Resolutions
Develop a ‘Community of Innovation’
With the limited skills and resources available in KZN, it is critical that we pool the resources we have. A
‘community of innovation’ is proposed. Government should facilitate the establishment of a ‘community of
innovation’ that draws people together from government, business (linked to industry innovation clusters)and
research who can learn from each other, innovate and act cooperatively (focussing on areas such as
technology, sourcing, waste management). This forum would also form the research centre of knowledge for
the province.
Implement Green Economy Projects with the Potential for Early Wins
Given the scarcity of skills and resources, the ‘community of innovation’ should focus on early wins or low
hanging fruit in order to motivate both the public and private sector towards greater investment in the
development of policies which are supportive of the green economy.
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It is therefore critical that a small number of green economy pilot projects be implemented with a view to
fostering the growth of a ‘community of innovation’, to demonstrate the benefits of engaging in green
growth. Furthermore, the high transaction cost of getting involved in a new sector discourages investors. It is
critical to quickly identify the wins in terms of jobs creation, more secure water, food and energy, and cost
savings - so as to encourage greater public and private sector investment.
Examples of existing and potential projects were provided: Wind and biomass energy production; Support to
the sugar industry for sugar bagass and ethanol from sugar; poultry waste farming biogas generation;
Scotland offshore turbines in the ocean, BUY-Back centres, Recovery of energy from scrap tyres (, paper and
pulp industry supplying biomas renewable energy, Green rating / certification of tourism facilities
Issue of tariffs should be finalised in order to ensure affordability of supplying renewable forms of energy and
thereby encourage investment and a review of the “Waste legislation” which constrains the use of certain
waste products for innovative purposes.
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COMMISSION 5
MUNICIPAL STATE OF READINESS TO
RESPONDING TO CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS
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What should Municipalities do to make sure that they are ready to respond to
the impact of the climate change?
Municipalities should:
Work cooperatively with all key stakeholders such as NGOs, AMAKHOSI, business
sector, and institutions of higher learning.
Focus areas must include: rain water harvesting, food security, community
participation and the review of legislation on rain water harvesting in urban areas.
What should Municipalities do to educate communities and raise awareness on
COP17/CMP7?
More resources should be dedicated to community training and awareness
campaigns.
Municipalities must coordinate focused rural community dialogues under the auspices
of SUKUMA SAKHE.
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What must be done by Municipality and Citizens to save Energy?
Education (Traditional Leaders, Communities, and schools)
Promote Solar Systems
Behaviour change such as switching off electricity not being used
Roll out a door-to-door campaign to save energy and to change people’s mindset
Promote public participation
What approach are Municipalities using in dealing with waste?
Promotion of recycling (waste separation)
Encourage business to support recycling initiative
Change culture through education (culture to dump waste)
Promote waste management
Use waste for energy e.g ,methane gas, and sell to ESKOM
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How can Municipalities encourage communities to use public transport? Or lift clubs?
Engage the taxi industry to understand the use of lift and not intimidate communities,
as has been happing in some communities.
Address the issue of reliable means of transport, including the upgrading of rail
transport system to encourage greater use by motorists, thereby creating an
excitement around the use of public transport.
Develop more pathways for non motorised transport - cycling, walking and horses (in
rural areas).
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