Transcript Diapositiva 1

MWR - Climate Change Strategy
Renewable Energy
Adare, 8th February 2008
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Content
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
EU and Irish Context
Renewables in the Mid West
MWRA Climate Change Strategy
MWRA CCS – Challenges
MWRA CCS – Next Steps
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
European Context
• EU policy & directives
– Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
(2002)
– Green Paper on Energy Efficiency (draft)
– Energy Services Directive (2007)
– Biomass Action Plan
– EU Biofuels Directive (2004)
– CO2 reductions – Jan 8008
– Renewable energy targets
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Significant Changes in Irish Policy
• 2007
–
–
–
–
–
–
EPA Climate Change Adaptation Report
Energy Performance Buildings Directive
Bio-Energy Action Plan for Ireland
Micro generation planning exemptions, Domestic
White Paper on Energy
National Climate Change Strategy
• 2008
– National Energy Efficiency Action Plan – Draft
– Micro Generation planning exemptions – IndustryCommerce, Agri
– Revised Part L of Building Regulations
– BER of new commercial & public buildings
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
White Paper on Energy
• Key points
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
15% of electricity from renewables by 2010.
33% of electricity from renewables by 2020.
500 MW of installed ocean energy by 2020.
5% renewables for heat market by 2010.
12% renewables for heat market by 2020.
5.75% Biofuels penetration by 2010.
10% Biofuels penetration by 2020.
National Biofuels obligation for fuel suppliers of 5% by 2009.
100% Pure Plant Oil (PPO) used in Local Authority & Public Bodies
vehicle fleets.
• 20% energy savings on electricity & heat by 2020.
• 30% energy savings on electricity & heat by 2020, indicated if
international agreement reached on Post – Kyoto measures.
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
White Paper on Energy
• Key points
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
33% electricity & heat savings from Public Sector.
Promotion of IS 393 Energy Management Standard for SME’s.
Review National Building Regulations (reviews 2008, 2010).
Introduction of Building Energy Rating labels, 2007; 2008; 2009
Introduce “Smart Meters for all electricity consumers over next 5
years.
€150 million investment in Energy Research, Development &
Innovation (RD&I).
Eirgrid take ownership of Electricity Transmission Grid.
ESB subsidiary established to manage Electricity Distribution Grid.
Gas distribution managed by BGE subsidiary.
Inter-Departmental agency to tackle fuel poverty.
Publish Energy Efficiency Action Plan in 2008.
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Renewables in the Mid West
• Already a significant resource exploited
– Hydro
– Wind
• Significant future Options
– Wind – The greatest resources
– Biomass – The local development opportunity
– Tidal/Ocean – International opportunities
– Biofuels – addressing the transport problem
– Micro-renewables – self sufficiency
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
RE a Vital part of CCS
• CO2 savings – MWR by sector
2010
2020
1,400
kTonnes of CO2
1,200
1,000
800
600
400
200
Enery Prod
& Supply
Transport
Built
Industry and
Environment Commercial
Services
Agriculture
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Waste
1 - Wind Energy
Year
Clare
Limerick
North Tipperary
MW
GWh
MW
GWh
MW
GWh
2008
54
189
71
248
24
86
2010
71
251
94
330
82
288
2020
100
361
136
476
118
413
Regionally potential for ~250MW installed by 2010
Highly dependent on grid connection process
Led by the Private Sector.
Difficult to have community ownership
2020 figure could be ~350MW
Nationally currently 1,000MW installed capacity with significant proposals
43% of electricity to come from wind in the future.
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
2. Solid Biomass
• Opportunity to develop an indigenous fuel supply
for the region
• Wood is the largest renewable energy resource in
Europe, 50% of all renewable energy.
• On Average 10% of Europe's Space heating is met
by wood
• Biomass energy creates jobs, retains 80% of fuel
revenue in the locality
• Projects already begun in Clare (Oct. 2005), and
Limerick (Jan 06), Tipperary 2007
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Heating Energy Market
Mid West Region
Heating Energy Market
Euros (Dec 2005)
Tipp
Nth.Rdg.
18%
Clare
Limerick
Tipp Nth.Rdg.
Clare
30%
Regional Estimates
Limerick
52%
Clare
€
21,277,414
Limerick
€
36,153,638
Tipp Nth.Rdg.
€
12,491,846
Total
€
69,922,899
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Solid Biomass – National Leaders
• Clare Wood Energy Project:  Co-firing at Moneypoint proposed - 2010
 A unique partnership linking fuel supply, end use, rural development
which has identified
 80,000 tonnes of timber thinnings as a sustainable resource
 6 public building projects to use wood chip
 1 commercial project to use wood chip
• Miscanthus (Elephant grass) development in Limerick





National expertise
120 ha planted by 2006
1,000 ha planting proposed by 2010
Pellet / briquette plant in production 2007
Co-firing in Edenderry completed in January 2008
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
3. Tidal/Ocean
• Ocean/Wave
– Huge potential but major
challenges
– Mid West needs to link
into new Ocean Energy
Development Fund
• Tidal
– Shannon Estuary offers
potential but challenges
remain
• Ireland/Mid West to be
an International Leader
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
4. Liquid Biofuels for LAs Vehicles
• EU Liquid Biofuels Directive sets National
targets
• Budget 2006 announced expansion of
Excise Duty programme (156 million litres +
7 million under pilot biofuels programme)
• Biofuel supply barriers should reduce
– Pure Plant Oil/ Biodiesel: 86 million litres
• 30 RVO + 56 Rape Seed
– Ethanol: 70 million litres
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Liquid Biofuels - Progress
• TEA, through EU Bio-Nett project, worked with
LCEA and other LAs to
– Identify potential market
• Size of fleets, conversion potential, new vehicles
– Proposals for conversion of 3 vehicles per LA to PPO
– Conversions expected to be completed in 2008
– Future opportunities to biodiesel being investigated
• Regional production of crops currently limited but
some opportunities exist
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
5. RE Planning Guidelines
• MWRA led review of options for exemptions
for micro-renewables
• Technologies reviewed included
– Small scale wind
– Solar Water Heating
– Photovoltaic
– Small scale hydro
• Passive Solar Design of buildings also an
issue
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
RE Planning Guidelines - Progress
• Working with Senior Planners
– Reviewed requirements with DoEHLG and
Planning Depts in LAs
– Identified planning issues for small
renewables
– Produced draft guidelines with submission to
National Government (ahead of consultation
process)
– Identifing opportunities for promotion of small
scale developments through planning process
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
MWRA Taking Action on Climate Change
• Regional Authority established Renewable
Energy Working Group as part of Regional
Planning Guidelines
– Local Authorities, Local
Relevant Stakeholders
Energy
Agencies,
• Four key topics identified
–
–
–
–
Climate Change Strategy
Planning and Micro Renewables
Biomass Development
Liquid Biofuels
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Evolution of MWRA CCS
• National CCS review in 2006/2007 provided
opportunity for action
• Kyoto requires “Demonstrable Progress” during
2005 – 2012 and Penalties from 2012
• Regional CCS signals an ability to contribute
regional solutions to national problems
– Transferring ownership of issue to a local level
• Establishment of Limerick Clare EA triggered
development of CCS for Limerick & Clare.
– Researched and written by Tipperary Energy Agency
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Evolution of MWRA CCS
• Limerick Clare Climate Change Strategy
completed in 2006
– Supported by Ballyhoura Development Ltd, Clare
Leader and West Limerick Resources
• Addition of North Tipperary data, compilation
and additional analysis, including forecasts to
2020 completed
– Supported by Tipperary LEADER
• Combined with Energy and Emissions Balance
provides a framework for regional action
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
MWR Climate Change Strategy
• A Regional Strategy will
– Identify opportunities for energy production
& conservation
– Support Rural Development through
promotion of an indigenous energy industry
– Sectoral approach to energy and
emissions will enable the utilisation of
future support measures
– Highlight any barriers to the sustainable
development of the region
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Energy Consumption by Fuel in MWR
Coal
Peat
Oil
Natural Gas
Renewables
Electricity
80.0%
70.0%
60.0%
50.0%
40.0%
30.0%
20.0%
10.0%
0.0%
1990
1995
2000
2005
BAU 2010
BAU 2020
GWh
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2020
TFC
7,501.2
8,362.9
11,193.0
13,212.9
15,860.0
17,710.6
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Energy Consumption by Sector in MWR
kTonnes CO2
1990
1995
2000
2005
2010
2020
Total
2,740.5
3,070.5
3,852.6
4,212.9
4,875.8
5,195.5
Kyoto Target
3,096.8
3,096.8
3,096.8
3,096.8
3,096.8
3,096.8
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
CO2 per person
CO2 emissions per inhabitant in each area
1990
2005
BAU 2010
BAU 2020
TonnesCO2/inhabitant
60.00
50.00
40.00
30.00
20.00
10.00
0.00
North Tipperary
Limerick County
Limerick City
Clare County
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
The Cost of Excess
MWRA Total
Emissions
kT-CO2
Kyoto
Target
Excess kTCO2
Annual
Carbon
Levy
millions
1990
2,740.6
-
-
1995
3,070.5
-
-
2000
3,852.5
755.8
-
2005
4,213.0
1,116.0
-
BAU 2010
4,875.7
1,779.0
62.2
BAU 2020
5,195.5
2,098.7
94.5
Kyoto Target
3,096.6
Limerick
city
10%
Tipp NR
19%
Clare
County
34%
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Limerick
County
37%
MWRA and RE – Some Challenges
• Resource maximisation
– Grid connection, resource versus end use
• Finance
– Innovative financing mechanisms needed
• Energy Supply Companies, Third Party Finance, Energy
Performance Contracting, BES
• District Heating
– Suitable Sites, Technology Providers
• Information, Awareness, Promotion, Quality
Control
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
MWRA and Renewables – Next Steps
• Action Plans for MW CCS
– Drafted by end of February 2008
– Specific Regional and LA actions identified with
timescales
– Regular review of progress
• Regional Meeting of Stake holders
• Assistance to other Regional Authorities
• Invitation to become involved in EU CO2
Observatory Project via TEA and FEDARENE
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
MWRA and Renewables – Next Steps
• Regional Wood/Biomass Energy Development Action
Plan
– End Users, Fuel Suppliers, Installers, Financiers
– Heat and Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
• Ocean/Tidal
– Maximising the opportunities
• Micro-Renewables
– Regional approach to promotion and quality control
• Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
– Alternative Energy Studies for new buildings
– New Part L – 10kWh/m2/yr (thermal) or 4 kWh/m2/yr electrical
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
MWRA and Renewables – Next Steps
• Anaerobic Digestion Development
– New National Support structure
• Chicken Litter waste awaiting reclassification
from EPA, facilitating greater use as a fuel.
• EU Green Procurement Directive (Dec 2007)
– Public authorities to allocate 15% of their annual
vehicle procurement budget to clean vehicles.
– Should complete Life Cycle Analysis of purchases
• Photovoltaics
– Implementing cost effective projects
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Conclusion
• Renewables clearly have a significant part to
play in achieving regional Climate Change goals
• A regional approach provides many
opportunities for synergy, maximisation of
resources and skills
• Support policies and programmes are emerging
• Technology and information generally not a
problem
• Implementation is now the challenge
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
We Are All Responsible
Indicator
Population
(000)
Energy
Related
Emissions
(kt-CO2)
CO2
Emissions
/ Capita
(T CO2 /
Inhabitant)
1990
MWRA
Kyoto
Target
MWRA
311.0
2005
MWRA
2010
MWRA
Reduction
Sought
2020
MWRA
Reduction
Sought
358.2
380.0
N/A
416.5
N/A
2,740
3,096
4,212
4,875
1,779
5,195
3,003
8.8
8.8
11.8
12.8
4.7
12.5
7.2
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Thank you.
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Contacts
Limerick Clare Energy Agency
Foundation Building
University of Limerick
Limerick
Pat Stephens
T: 087 0508181
E: [email protected]
W: www.lcea.ie
Tipperary Energy Agency
Craft Granary
Church St
Cahir, Co. Tipperary
Seamus Hoyne
T: 052 43090
F: 052 43012
E: [email protected]
W: www.tea.ie
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Micro Generation Renewables – Domestic,
6th March 2007
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Micro Generation Renewables – Commercial,
?? March 2008
– CHP Systems
– Industrial buildings:
• Gross floor space < 500 m2
5 MW
• Max height = 10m and max length = 50m
• 200m from nearest inhabited dwelling
• 50m from nearest public road
• Up to 2 flues, max height 20m and max diameter 2m
• Noise levels < 43db(A) or <5 db(A) above background noise at site
boundary
• Only 1 per site.
– Public and commercial buildings, and agricultural structures:
• As above, except
• Gross floor space < 300 m2
2.5 MW
• Max height = 8m and max length = 40m
• Flue height 15m
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Micro Generation Renewables – Commercial,
?? March 2008
– Wind turbines
– Industrial, public and commercial buildings, and agricultural structures:
• No exemption for building-mounted turbines
• Max height < 20m
• Rotor diameter < 8m
10 - 50 kW
• Ground clearance > 3m
• Turbine height plus 1 m from nearest party boundary
• 100m from nearest inhabited dwelling
• 50m from nearest public road
• 2 rotor diameters from overhead cables
• Noise levels < 43db(A) or <5 db(A) above background noise at site boundary
• Only 1 per site
• No logos, and non-reflective finish
Met masts
• Max length of time in position < 9 months out of an 18 month period
• Max height < 50m
• Turbine height plus 1 m from nearest party boundary
• Only 1 per site
• No logos, and non-reflective finish
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Micro Generation Renewables – Commercial,
?? March 2008
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Solar panels
Industrial buildings:
No limit on area of panels
< 1m from plane of a pitched roof to panel
2 - 10 kW
< 2m from plane of a flat roof to panel
50cm from edge of wall or roof
Aperture area of wall mounted or free-standing arrays < 50m2
Height of free-standing arrays < 2m
– Public and commercial buildings, and agricultural structures:
– Total aperture area < 50m2 or 50% of total roof area, whichever is
lesser
– As above, except:
– Aperture area of wall mounted or free-standing arrays < 25m2
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Micro Generation Renewables – Commercial,
?? March 2008
– Ground source and air source heat pumps
– Industrial buildings:
– Ground level alteration < 1m above or below adjoining
ground
– Total area of heat pumps < 15m2
– 50cm from edge of wall or roof
– Noise levels < 43db(A) or <5 db(A) above background
noise at site boundary
– Public and commercial buildings, and agricultural
structures:
– As above, except:
– Total area of heat pumps < 10m2
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)
Micro Generation Renewables – Commercial,
?? March 2008
– Biomass
– Industrial, public and commercial buildings, and agricultural
structures:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Gross floor space < 20 m2
Capacity of fuel storage tank above ground < 50,000 litres
Max height of boiler house or fuel tank < 3m
Up to 2 flues, max height 15m and max diameter 2m
100m from nearest inhabited dwelling
50m from nearest public road
Noise levels < 43db(A) or <5 db(A) above background noise at site
boundary
©, Limerick Clare Energy Agency (www.lcea.ie), Tipperary Energy Agency Ltd (www.tea.ie)