Transcript Document

Overview and Update
on the GEF
Turkey GEF National Dialogue, June 2006, Ankara
Origin of the GEF
■ Mechanism for financing “incremental costs” of new
“global environment” actions by developing countries
■ Linked to negotiation and based on philosophy of
Convention on Biological Diversity and U.N.
Framework Convention on Climate Change
■ Initially focused on biodiversity, climate change and
shared (“international”) water bodies
■ Recently extended to land degradation and POPs
GEF Institutional Framework
GEF Assembly
GEF Council
Office of M&E
GEF Secretariat
Implementing Agencies
1. UNDP
2. UNEP
3. World Bank
STAP
Executing Agencies
1. ADF
2. AFDB
3. EBRD
4. FAO
5. IADB
6. IFAD
7. UNIDO
Projects
Financial History of the GEF
■ GEF Pilot Phase
– 1991-1994 -- $1 Billion US Dollars
■ Replenishments
– 1995-1998 -- $2.2 Billion US Dollars
– 1999-2001 -- $2.8 Billion US Dollars
– 2002-2005 -- $2.9 Billion US Dollars
– 2006-2009 – $3.0 Billion US Dollars
World Bank is the Trustee of the GEF Trust Fund
New Directions During GEF 3
■ New Focal Areas– Land Degradation
– POPs
■ Independent Office of Evaluation
■ Biosafety
■ Co-Financing
■ RAF
New Directions during GEF 3 (continued)
■ Expanded Opportunities for Executing Agencies
■ Enhanced Support for GEF Focal Points (CSP and
CM Support)
■ Review of Project Cycle
■ Climate Change Funds
– LDC Fund
– SCCF Fund
– Adaptation Fund
■ Small Medium Size Projects (SMSPs)
– Development Marketplace
■ Strategic Approach to Capacity Building
■ Strengthen partnership with private sector
– Move toward market-based approaches
GEF FOCAL AREAS
And STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
“Focal Areas” of the GEF
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Biodiversity
Climate Change
International Waters
Ozone Depletion (only countries in transition)
Land Degradation
Persistent Organic Pollutants – POPs
GEF links to the Global Environmental Conventions
■ GEF is the designated “financial mechanism” for the
– Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
– Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
– POPs Convention
■ The GEF is a designated mechanism for the
– Convention on Combating Desertification (UNCCD)
■ The GEF collaborates closely with other treaties and
agreements to reach common goals (International
Waters, Montreal Protocol)
Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
■ Objectives of the Convention
– Conservation
– Sustainable use
– Fair and equitable sharing of benefits
• In relation to genetic resources
■ Financial Mechanism
– GEF is the financial mechanism of the
Convention
GEF-4 Strategic Priorities:
BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
■ Catalyze sustainability of protected areas system at
national levels
■ Mainstream biodiversity conservation in production
landscapes and sectors
■ Build capacity for the implementation of the
Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
■ Generate, disseminate and promote the uptake of
good practices for addressing current and emerging
issues in biodiversity
UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
■ Requires developing countries (non-Annex I) to
prepare National Reports on their:
– greenhouse gas emissions
– climate change mitigation plans
– vulnerability to climate change
■ GEF is its financial mechanism - finances convention
reports and voluntary national projects
■ Provides strategic guidance for GEF funding of
climate change projects.
GEF-4 Strategic Priorities:
CLIMATE CHANGE
■ Promote energy-efficient buildings and appliances
■ Promote industrial energy efficiency
■ Promote retrofitting of existing power plants
■ Promote grid electricity from renewable resources
■ Promote renewable energy for rural energy services
■ Support the deployment of new, low GHG-emitting energy
technologies
■ Facilitate sustainable mobility in urban areas
■ Pilot a strategic approach to adaptation
GEF and Adaptation
Operationalization of the new funds (LDCF, SCCF, AF)
GEF Assistance to
Address Adaptation
GEF Trust Fund
Strategic Priority
Piloting an
Operational
Approach to
Adaptation (SPA)
Least Developed
Country Fund
(LDCF)
(implementation
of NAPAs)
Special Climate
Change Fund
(SCCF)
Top priority to
Adaptation
Adaptation Fund
(AF)
(2% of the share
of the proceeds
of the CDM)
NO GLOBAL BENEFITS
NO GLOBAL BENEFITS
NO GLOBAL BENEFITS
International Waters
■ Defined as oceans and fresh water basins
whose boundaries are shared by more than
one country
■ GEF is not a financial mechanism for any
international waters conventions. However it
helps implement Regional Seas Conventions,
UNCLOS, and other maritime conventions
GEF-4 Strategic Priorities:
INTERNATIONAL WATERS
■ Catalyze implementation of agreed reforms and
stress-reduction investments on-the-ground to
address transboundary water concerns
■ Expand foundational capacity-building to a limited
number of transboundary systems through integrated
approaches and targeted learning for the IW portfolio
■ Undertake innovative demonstrations to addressing
key program gaps in IW (groundwater, IWRM, SIDS,
persistent toxic substances (PTS))
Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs)
■ Characteristics and Effects of POPs
– Persistent: ability to resist degradation
– Bio-accumulate
– Potential for long range transport (air, water,
migratory species)
– Health damage, e.g. disrupt endocrine systems,
suppresses immune systems, induce
reproductive and developmental changes
POPs Convention
■ Objectives:
– Stop production and use of 3 pesticides:
Aldrin, Endrin Toxaphene
– Phase-out production and use of 5 others, e.g.,
DDT, dieldrin
– Stop production and use of PCBs
– Minimize by-products of chemical processes and
incineration e.g., dioxins, furans
■ GEF is interim financial mechanism
GEF-4 Strategic Priorities:
POPS
 NIP program and dissemination of best practices
 Strengthen capacity for NIP implementation
 Partnering in investments for NIP implementation
 Partnering in demonstration of innovative
technologies and practices for POPs reduction
Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD)
■ Promote sustainable land management (SLM)
and ecosystem stability, functions, services
■ Development capacity for SLM and mainstream
into national development
■ Innovative, indigenous, investments to
improve ecosystem integrity
■ GEF is a (not the) financial mechanism
GEF-4 Strategic Priorities:
LAND DEGRADATION
■ Foster system-wide change and remove policy,
institutional, technical, capacity and financial barriers
to sustainable land management (SLM)
■ Demonstrate and upscale successful SLM practices
for the control and prevention of desertification and
deforestation
■ Generate and disseminate knowledge addressing
current and emerging issues in SLM
■ Demonstrate cross focal area synergies and integrated
ecosystem approaches to watershed-based SLM
Current GEF Portfolio
(in millions of US dollars, January 2006)
$157
$156
$181
$516
$2,200
$858
Biodiversity
Climate Change
International Waters
Multi-focal Area
Ozone
POPs
Land Degradation
$2,055
Total GEF
Total Co-Financing
TOTAL
$6,126.72
$20,225.00
$26,351.72
GENERAL ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
GEF FUNDING CATEGORIES
GEF PROJECT CYCLE
Other Project Eligibility Requirements
■ Country-driven and endorsed by host Government
■ Produce identifiable global benefits
■ Participation of all affected groups and transparency
■ Consistency with the Conventions
■ Possess strong scientific and technical merit
■ Financially sustainable and cost-effective
■ Include processes for monitoring, evaluation, and
incorporation of lessons learned
■ Play catalytic role that leverages other financing
Co-Financing Policy
■ Key principle of GEF funding: GEF is a cofinancier
■ Resources that are committed by the GEF
Agency, or other non- GEF sources which
are essential for meeting GEF project
objectives
■ Helps to build country ownership,
sustainability and to leverage other donor
resources
GEF Funding Categories
■ Full-size projects (over $1 million)
■ Medium-sized projects (up to $1 million)
■ Project Development (preparation) Funds (PDF)
– PDF-A up to $25,000 (up to $50,000 for MSPs)
– PDF-B up to 350,000
– PDF-C up to $1 million
■ Development Marketplace – Funding Mechanism
■ Enabling activities (various sizes)
■ Small Grants Programme (up to $50,000/project)
GEF Small Grants Program (SGP)
■ Provides direct funding to NGOs for up to a
maximum of US $50,000/project
■ Operates in a decentralized and flexible manner by
establishing a country program
■ Led by a National Steering Committee; majority of
members from civil society
■ Committee responsible for designing national SGP
strategy and approving individual grants
■ Day to day management by National Coordinator
Development Marketplace
New Funding Mechanism
■ Competitive grant program funding innovative,
small-scale development projects
■ Partnership between GEF and World Bank
Development Marketplace
■ Funds small scale grants (up to $200,000) for
environmental projects in expedited manner
■ Opportunity to compete for funds to pursue
innovative ideas in GEF Focal Areas
■ Increased outreach to governments and civil
society at national and local level
■ Focal Point Endorsement Required
GEF Strategic Approach to Capacity Building
■ Self assessment of capacity building needs
(NCSAs)
■ Support more capacity building within GEF
projects
■ Support targeted capacity building projects
■ Country specific programs for addressing
capacity building needs in LDCs and SIDS
Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel (STAP)
■ What is STAP?
– The Scientific and Technical Advisory Panel to GEF
– Provides independent advice to advise GEF on scientific &
technical aspects of programs & policies
■ Who are STAP?
– 15 members from developed and developing countries with
expertise in various GEF focal areas
– Serve for 2 years, except Chair and Vice-Chair who serve
for 4 years
– Appointed by UNEP Executive Director, in consultation with
GEF CEO, UNDP Administrator, and World Bank President
Basic Project Cycle
Develop project
concept
Final evaluation
Implement,
monitor and
evaluate project
Project impacts
continue after
completion of
GEF funding
‘CEO endorsement’
GEF review for
eligibility and
pipeline entry; OFP
endorsement
Secure project
development
funding option
Prepare project
proposal
GEF Council review
and approval for ‘Work
Program’ inclusion
GEF Executing Agencies
with Expanded Opportinities
■ "Executing Agencies" contribute to the management
and execution of GEF Projects.
■ The GEF Council has expanded opportunities for
seven organizations to contribute to the
implementation of GEF projects.
■ The seven organizations are:
– The African Development Bank (AfDB)
– The Asian Development Bank (ADB)
– The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
(EBRD)
– The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB)
– The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD)
– The UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
– The UN Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO)
DISCUSSION SESSION