Transcript Enabling environment for integrating disaster risk

Enabling environment for
integrating DRR and CCA in
Southeast Asia
Asian Disaster Preparedness Center
(ADPC)
For ISDR
Goal

Define enabling environment for practical
integration of disaster risk reduction and
climate change adaptation in Southeast Asia.
Covers:
Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Myanmar,
the Philippines and Vietnam
Objectives
1) Review of DRR and CCA projects at national and
sub-national levels
2) National level institutional and policy landscape on
DRR and CCA
3) Enabling conditions for integrating DRR and CCA
4) Practical examples linking DRR and CCA
5) Guidance notes for field practitioners for
implementing and sustaining DRR-CCA projects at
national and local levels
6) Conclusions on what defines good CCA
1. Review of institutional and policy
landscape on DRR and CCA
A. DRR Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia

DRR Institutional Mechanisms
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National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
Strategic National Action Plan for Disaster Risk Reduction
in Cambodia 2008-2013 (SNAP-DRR)
Disaster Management Working Group (DMWG)
Institutional Mechanism for DRR in Cambodia
National Committee for Disaster Management (NCDM)
Administration Bureau
Department of
Administration
and Finance
Disaster Management
Working Group of
Ministries and
Institutes
Emergency Relief Assistance
Sub-group
Cabinet of President
Small Scale Infrastructure,
Water and Sanitation Sub-group
Logistic Bureau
General Secretariat
Information and
Prediction Bureau
Department of
Information and
Relation
Provincial Committee for
Disaster Management
(PCDM)
International Relation
Bureau
Newsletter and
Publishing Bureau
PCDM Secretariat
Food Security Sub-group
Health Sub-group
Accounting Bureau
Department of
Emergency
Response and
Rehabilitation
District Committee for
Disaster Management
(DCDM)
Emergency Bureau
Rehabilitation Bureau
Operation Bureau
Training Bureau
DCDM Secretariat
Department of
Preparedness
and Training
Planning Bureau
Program Bureau
Preparedness and Mitigation
Sub-group
Commune Committee for
Disaster Management
(CCDM)
Commune Disaster
Management Team
Department of
Search and
Rescue
Searching &
Coordination Bureau
Rescue Coordination
Bureau
1. Review of institutional and policy
landscape on DRR and CCA
A. DRR Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia

DRR Institutional Mechanisms

Policy, Plans and Statements on DRR
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National Report in Preparation for World Conference on
Disaster Reduction (WCDR)-2005
National Strategic Development Plan 2006-2010 (NSDP)
Draft National Emergency Management Policy
National Disaster Management Bill (NDMB)
1. Review of institutional and policy
landscape on DRR and CCA
B. CCA Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia

CCA Institutional Mechanisms
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National Climate Change Committee (NCCC)
Cambodian Climate Change Office (CCCO)
Rectangular Strategy for Growth, Employment, Equity
and Efficiency as framework for socio-economic dev.
National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) approved
2006, framed as implementation of Rectangular Strategy
Institutional Arrangements for CC in Cambodia
Source- MRC
National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia
Institution
Type
Relevant Objective
Remarks
Ministry of
Environment
Govt
Ministry
Mandate over environmental issues,
including conservation/protected areas,
environmental quality/environmental impact
assessment, and rational use and
management of natural resources.
Focal Point for Climate
Change and
Biodiversity
Conventions, and GEF.
Cambodian
Climate
Change
Office
Ministry
Office
Carries out all technical activities related to
the implementation of the Climate Convention.
Facilitates and coordinates donor funded and
private sector activities relevant to climate
change with other government agencies.
Supports and organizes inter-ministerial
technical working groups specialized in
sectors (energy and forestry), and along
climate change themes (GHG inventory,
mitigation, vulnerability and adaptation)
Part of Ministry of
Environment.
Department of Planning
and Legal Affairs.
Secretariat of the DNA
for CDM, and of the
UNFCCC focal point.
National
Committee
on Climate
Change
Interministerial
Committee
Prepares, coordinates and monitors
implementation of policies, strategies, legal
instruments, plans and programmes to
address climate change.
Composed of
Secretaries and UnderSecretaries of State
from 19 Ministries and
government agencies.
Meeting at least twice
yearly.
National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia
Institution
Type
Relevant Objective
Remarks
Ministry of
Agricultural,
Forestry and
Fisheries
Govt
Ministry
Mandate over agriculture, including forestry
and fisheries.
Focal point of the
United Nations
Convention to Combat
Desertification (UNCCD)
Forest
Administn
Govt
Department
Responsibilities include forest and wildlife
inventory; protection and management of
forest resource, and wildlife conservation.
Formerly known as
Department of Forestry
and Wildlife. Part of
MAFF.
Cambodian
Agricultural
Research &
Dev. Institute
Govt
Research
Institute
Research body for sustainable agricultural
and economic development, with primary aim
of food security through increased rice
production.
National
Committee
on Disaster
Management
Interministerial
Committee
Provides emergency relief and develops
preventive measures to reduce loss of life
and property from natural and human
induced disasters.
Ministry of
Industry,
Mines and
Energy
Governmen
t Ministry
Develops and manages energy policy,
strategy and planning, including renewable
energy.
Composed of members
of relevant ministries
and Armed Forces.
National Institutions relevant for CC in Cambodia
Institution
Type
Relevant Objective
Remarks
Ministry of
Water
Resources
and
Meteorology
Govt
Ministry
Responsibilities include development and
implementation of water resource strategy,
determination of water potential, collection
and management of meteorological data.
WMO focal point.
Ministry of
Public Works
and
Transport
Govt
Ministry
Manages execution of national policy on
public works, including roads, bridges, ports,
railways, waterways and buildings.
Ministry of
Health and
National
Malaria
Centre
Govt
Ministry
Mandate over public health. Ultimate
objective to eliminate vector borne disease.
Council for
the
development
of Cambodia
Govt
Agency
One-stop service for rehabilitation,
development, and investment activities.
Facilitates and coordinates governmentdonor relations.
Source- MFAD
1. Review of institutional and policy
landscape on DRR and CCA
B. CCA Institutional and policy landscape
Cambodia

CCA Institutional Mechanisms

Policy, Plans and Statements on CCA
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No comprehensive national plan or strategy
National Adaptation Programme of Action to Climate
Change (NAPA) - 39 'no regret' adaptation projects
2. Review of DRR and CCA projects
Development Integration Climate Risk Management
of
Addressing
Information Integration/
Vulnerability DRR into Generation Application
development
for adaptation
2. Review of DRR and CCA projects
Development Addressing
Vulnerability reduction
Integration of DRR into
development
CRM
(Information generation)
CRM
(Integration/ Application
for adaptation)
3.Enabling conditions for integrating
DRR and CCA
Five criteria identified for analysis of enabling
environment for integrating DRR and CCA:
1)
2)
3)
4)
Political Commitment and Awareness
Policy and Institution Mechanisms
Integration of DRR into Development Process
Capacity to generate required Climate Risk
Information (CRI)
5) Integration of CRI into development process
3.Enabling conditions for integrating
DRR and CCA
Countries
Political
Commitment
& Awareness
Policy and
Institution
Mechanisms
Progress of
Integrating
DRR into
Developmnt
Process
Capacity for
Climate Risk
Information
Generation
Integtation
of CRI for
for decisionmaking
Cambodia
4
3
4
2
2
Indonesia
4
3
4
4
4
Lao PDR
3
3
4
2
2
Myanmar
1
1
1
1
1
Philippines
5
5
4
3
3
Vietnam
5
5
5
2
3
4. Practical examples linking DRR and
CCA
Cambodia:
‘How to Reduce Drought Risk’ tool, combined
with the participatory rural appraisal tools,
used to identify likely causes of recent
droughts in Mekong region.
Provides policy recommendations and a
model for drought management at community
level, as well as the framework for
community-based drought management
4. Practical examples linking DRR and
CCA
Indonesia:
Climate Forecast Applications Programme
 Agriculture: tail-end irrigated system; food
security
 Use of post 1950 climate variation analogs and
temperature and precipitation trends for evolving
community-based adaptation practices
Preparing program for supporting the action
plans and socialization
2006
2007
Translation
Example of seasonal
forecast application
during the 2006-7
ENSO, Indramayu,
Indonesia
BMG provide
forecast in
August/updated
in October
Monitor climate
and provide
forecast on
April 2007
Implement anticipation
actions (early planting
Select options
and accelerating WS
and implement
planting)
the selected
option
Climate Team at Agriculture Office held meeting with
related field staffs from related agencies to prepare action
plans for managing possible flood and drought risk in
2007 and inputs for Regent for inter-sectoral meeting and
instruction letter for sub-districts
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka
Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia
New Climate Forecast
Region (DPM) for
Indramayu
R A T A -
2
H U J A N
B U L A N A N
(
m
m
)
4 0 0
3 5 0
3 0 0
2 5 0
2 0 0
1 5 0
1 0 0
5 0
0
R A T A -
2
H U J A N
4 0 0
3 5 0
3 0 0
2 5 0
2 0 0
1 5 0
1 0 0
5 0
0
J
F M A M
J
J A
S O N D
J F M A M
J J A
S O N D
DPM 6
DPM 7
B U L A N A N
(
m
m
)
Old Climate Forecast
Region (DPM) for
Indramayu
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka
Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia
Onset of dry season 2003
Dry season rainfall, 2003
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka
Delivery of locally-relevant climate information: Indonesia
Impact outlook
Farmers’ response plan
EWS Assessment: Sri Lanka
Continuous engagement with farmers: Climate field schools
Stage 1: training of agricultural extension
specialists (district level)
Stage 2: training of agricultural
extension workers (subdistrict)
P1-2
P1-1
P1-2
Farmer Groups
Stage 3: training of
heads of farmers
groups
F A R M E R S
Stage 4: training
of farmers
P1-2
4. Practical examples linking DRR and
CCA
Philippines:
New CC legislation placing disaster risk
reduction as the first line of defence against
climate change risks
5. Guidance notes for implementing
and sustaining DRR-CCA projects

Climate Risk Management offers a
convergence between CCA-DRR
5. Guidance notes for implementing
and sustaining DRR-CCA projects
Outcomes versus Uncertainty
Decreasing
knowledge about
outcomes
IGNORANCE
Outcomes poorly
defined
Continuum of
outcomes
Set of discrete
outcomes
Conjecture
UNCERTAINTY
Subjective
probabilities
RISK
Frequency
distributions
Shaky
Firm
No
Probabilities Probabilities Probabilities
Decreasing
knowledge
about
likelihoods
Adapted from Dessai and Hulme (2003)
5. Guidance notes for implementing
and sustaining DRR-CCA projects
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CRM a convergence between CCA-DRR
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Extreme Climate Events a common element
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Adaptation Deficits Approach
Under progress
5. Guidance notes for implementing
and sustaining DRR-CCA projects
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ADAPTATION DEFICITS is a relevant approach
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Firstly, address adaptation to climate variability manifested
in extreme climate events

Anticipate climate change issues and build capacities of
institutions- Climate Risk Information Systems
ADAPTATION DEFICITS
Study Recent Extreme
Event
If no impacts
on society
Zero Gaps; Perfect
System
ADAPTATION DEFICITS
Study Recent Extreme
Event
If significant impacts
on society
Indicates Gaps
or Deficits
Address these
Gaps
Review in next
event
in iterative mode
to perfect
the system
Major Approaches, Tools and Methods for CCA and DRR
Area
Approaches, Tools or Methods
Disaster Risk
Reduction
(DRR)
Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA)
National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (NPDRR)
Strategic National Action Plan (SNAP)
Working Group on Mainstreaming Disaster Reduction in
Development (MDRD)
Community-Based Disaster Risk Management/Reduction
(CBDRM/CBDRR)
Coastal Community Resilience (CCR)
Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)
Climate
Change
Adaptation
(CCA)
National Communications (NCs)
National Adaptation Plan of Action (NAPA)
Climate Forecast Applications (CFA)
Livelihoods Adaptation to Climate Change (LACC)
Climate Risk Management (CRM)
Climate Resilient Cities (CRC)
6. Conclusions on what defines good
CCA
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Anticipation of risks and actions
Incorporates precautionary principle
Appreciation of gradual changes in environment
induced by CC, needing graduated response
Managing current extreme climate events to manage
future CC impacts
Institutional mechanisms to link science and societal
management systems
Development incorporating present and future risks
Addressing elements of exposure to current and future
risks and avoids maladaptation in future
Thank you